Developmental & Comparative Immunology Lipoxin B and lipocalin play a crucial role in insect immune-priming induced by a gut microbial commensal.

Host cabbage possesses an endophyte, Bacillus subtilis, which induced immune-priming of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. In contrast, larvae raised under axenic conditions lost the chance to feed the bacteria and were highly susceptible to various pathogens. Addition of B.

Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-based bionanocomposite coating reinforced with TiO nanoparticles and carbon quantum dots for enhanced antimicrobial efficacy.

Polymer-based nanocomposite coatings that are enhanced with nanoparticles have gained recognition as effective materials for antibacterial purposes, providing improved durability and biocidal effectiveness. This research introduces an innovative chitosan-based polymer nanocomposite, enhanced with titanium oxide nanopowders and carbon quantum dots. The material was synthesized via the sol-gel process and applied to 316L stainless steel through dip-coating.

Highly sensitive photoluminescence sensor based on chitosan biopolymer film for determination of hydrogen peroxide.

Determination of hydrogen peroxide (HO) is of great importance in many systems for controlling the quality of products, food safety, and medical diagnostics. In this work, a highly sensitive photoluminescence film sensor was synthesized based on chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and terephthalic acid (TPA), in the presence of copper (II) ions for determination of hydrogen peroxide. TPA was used as a sensitive probe for detection of hydroxyl radicals produced in a photo-Fenton-like process.

Genome-wide association study of rice (Oryza sativa L.) inflorescence architecture.

Rice yield strongly depends on panicle size and architecture but the genetics underlying these traits and their coordination with environmental cues through various signaling pathways have remained elusive. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to pinpoint the underlying genetic determinants for rice panicle architecture by analyzing 20 panicle-related traits using a data set consisting of 44,100 SNPs. We defined QTL windows around significant SNPs by the rate of LD decay for each chromosome and used these windows to identify putative candidate genes associated with the trait.

Engineering nanoliposomal tiotropium bromide embedded in a lactose-arginine carrier forming Trojan-particle dry powders for efficient pulmonary drug delivery: A combined approach of in vitro-3D printing and in silico-CFD modeling.

Nanocarrier-based dry powders for lung disease treatment are crucial, with in vitro and in silico research being pivotal to their success. This study introduces a method for creating Tiotropium-bromide liposomal inhalation dry powder, termed "Trojan-particles," utilizing thin-film hydration and spray-drying with lactose-arginine carriers. Encapsulating tiotropium-bromide in nanoliposomes enhances lung treatment via liposomes' unique features.

TinyML and edge intelligence applications in cardiovascular disease: A survey.

Tiny machine learning (TinyML) and edge intelligence have emerged as pivotal paradigms for enabling machine learning on resource-constrained devices situated at the extreme edge of networks. In this paper, we explore the transformative potential of TinyML in facilitating pervasive, low-power cardiovascular monitoring and real-time analytics for patients with cardiac anomalies, leveraging wearable devices as the primary interface. To begin with, we provide an overview of TinyML software and hardware enablers, accompanied by an examination of networking solutions such as Low-power Wide area network (LPWAN) that facilitate the seamless deployment of TinyML frameworks.

Investigating the inhibitory effect of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) essential oil and Pickering nanoemulsion on some pathogenic bacteria inoculated into pizza cheese.

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of Urtica dioica L. (nettle) essential oil (in the forms of Pickering nanoemulsion (NEO) and free (EO)) on microbial, chemical and sensory changes of pizza cheese stored at 4 °C for 12 days. For this purpose, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes were inoculated into pizza cheese.

Intradermal lymphocyte therapy: A promising treatment for recurrent pregnancy loss in patients without anti-TPO antibodies.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) remains a complex and challenging reproductive issue often associated with immunological abnormalities. This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of intradermal lymphocyte therapy in RPL patients, exploring cellular, molecular, and cytokine changes, with specific attention to individuals with positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (Anti-TPO).

Methods: The study included 105 patients with RPL, divided into Anti-TPO positive RPL patients (n = 25), Anti-TPO negative RPL patients (n = 38), and RPL patients without lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT) (n = 42).

Insulin and myometrial contractility; Are there any links? A narrative review.

Contrary to the evidence supporting the role for insulin in stimulating uterine contraction, only a limited number of studies have highlighted the inhibitory effect of insulin on myometrial contractions in human and rodent. A hypothetical narrative review of the current literature was conducted, revealing the current literature and shows the potential inhibitory effects of insulin on myometrial contractility. These inhibitory mechanisms include activation of adenylyl cyclase signaling pathways, an increase in cAMP production, a decrease in Ca influx and cytosolic Ca, hyperpolarization of the cell membrane, and stimulation of NO synthesis.

Differential effects of exercise training protocols on blood pressures and lipid profiles in older adults patients with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Decreased physical activity and high blood pressure are both risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Controlling blood pressure within the normal range can prevent or delay these complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the effects of different types of exercise training on the blood pressure and lipid profiles of older adults patients with hypertension.

CircWaveDL: Modeling of optical coherence tomography images based on a new supervised tensor-based dictionary learning for classification of macular abnormalities.

Modeling Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images is crucial for numerous image processing applications and aids ophthalmologists in the early detection of macular abnormalities. Sparse representation-based models, particularly dictionary learning (DL), play a pivotal role in image modeling. Traditional DL methods often transform higher-order tensors into vectors and then aggregate them into a matrix, which overlooks the inherent multi-dimensional structure of the data.

Harnessing IL-27: challenges and potential in cancer immunotherapy.

IL-27 is structurally an immune-enhancing and pleiotropic two-chain cytokine associated with IL-12 and IL-6 families. IL-27 contains two subunits, namely IL-27p28 and EBI3. A heterodimer receptor of IL-27, composed of IL27Rα (WSX1) and IL6ST (gp130) chains, mediates the IL-27 function following the activation of STAT1 and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Development of a simple prediction model for tracheostomy requirement after surgical resection of medulloblastoma in children.

Objective: Postoperative tracheostomy is a significant complication following medulloblastoma (MB) resection. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for postoperative tracheostomy requirement in children undergoing MB surgical resection. This model was derived as a side product of a larger research project analyzing surgical outcomes in pediatric MB patients.

Combined effects of reflexology massage and respiratory relaxation on pain following chest tube removal in heart surgery patients.

Background And Aim: Removing the chest tube in cardiac patients after surgery is one of the worst experiences of hospitalization in the intensive care units. Various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are available to control pain in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of reflexology massage and respiratory relaxation on pain following chest tube removal in cardiac surgery patients of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2023.

Managing cardiovascular events, hyperglycemia, and obesity in type 2 diabetes through microRNA regulation linked to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.

Background And Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is usually complicated by cardiovascular diseases, hyperglycemia, and obesity, which worsen the outcome for the patient. Since recent evidence underlines the epigenetic role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the management of these comorbidities, this study compared the effects of these agents, namely liraglutide, semaglutide, dulaglutide, and exenatide, on miRNA regulation in the management of T2DM.

Results: GLP-1RAs modify the expression of miRNAs involved in endothelial function, sugar metabolism, and adipogenesis, including but not limited to miR-27b, miR-130a, and miR-210.

Sexual self-care, quality of sexual life and fertility desire in women attending comprehensive health centers in Urmia, Iran.

Background: Sexual self-care and quality of sexual life are critical factors in women's health. These factors can also influence women's fertility desire. This study aims to examine sexual self-care, quality of sexual life, and their relationship with fertility desire in women attending comprehensive health centers in Urmia.

Elucidation of genetic diversity in hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus L.) accessions naturally growing in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Türkiye using morphological, pomological, and inter simple sequence repeat markers.

Background: Türkiye hosts many important fruit species due to its geographical location and ecology. Hawthorn, which is highly beneficial for human health, is one of these significant fruit species. In the present study, 125 accessions of Crataegus azarolus L.

Astigmatism in Duane Retraction Syndrome.

Purpose: To compare the prevalence, magnitude, and type of astigmatism among patients with different Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS) types.

Method: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed the records of 312 DRS patients. Patients were categorized into DRS Types 1, 2, 3, and bilateral cases.

Comparison of diaphragmatic breathing exercises and incentive spirometry on the functional status of heart failure patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Respiratory muscle weakness in heart failure (HF) can deteriorate its symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and impaired functional status. Pulmonary rehabilitation can strengthen these muscles. This study aimed to determine the impact of breathing exercises on fatigue severity, dyspnea, and functional classification in HF patients.

Facet joint tropism in degenerative lumbar scoliosis: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: To investigate the association between lumbar degenerative scoliosis and the dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA), the lumbar canal anterior-posterior (LCAP) diameter, and the neural foraminal cross-sectional area (NFCA) in relation to facet joint tropism (FJT).

Methods: In a retrospective case-control study, we analyzed data from 160 patients referred for lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between January 2020 and December 2022. Cobb's angle on anteroposterior lumbosacral X-ray is served to identify the presence of degenerative lumbar scoliosis-Cobb's angle exceeding 10 degrees-, and axial T2W MRI is implemented to evaluate facet joint angles and tropism-defined as a difference exceeding 10 degrees between the facet joint angles at each level-, DSCA, LCAP, and NFCA.

High-throughput sequencing revealed the symptomatic common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) virome in Iran.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop rich in protein, minerals, and starch. Viruses are a significant limiting factor in increasing the production of legumes, particularly common beans.

Designing cellulose based biochars for CO separation using molecular simulations.

This study investigates the pyrolysis mechanism of cellulose using reactive molecular dynamics simulations to prepare biochars for CO separation applications. Six biochars with densities ranging from 0.160 to 0.

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on TSH and thyroid hormones: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Approximately 200 million people have been diagnosed with thyroid disease worldwide. Associations between thyroid disorders and nutritional factors have been established in former studies.

Methods: The Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases and Google Scholar were searched without date restriction until June 2023 by using relevant keywords.

Distinct clinical phenotypes in gastric pathologies: a cluster analysis of demographic and biomarker profiles in a diverse patient population.

Background: Understanding the heterogeneity of a population at risk is an important step in the early detection of gastric cancer. We aimed to cluster demographic, hematological, and biochemical markers of gastric cancer in a heterogeneous sample of patients.

Methods: Data of 695 adult patients (50.

Molecular and serological investigation of Brucella species in kennel and farm dogs in Iran.

Introduction: Brucellosis is still a significant emerging threat to public health, as it can infect humans, wild, domestic animals, and livestock. Hence, the current study aims to determine the frequency of canine brucellosis (CB), its relationship with clinical findings and reproductive disorders in kennel and farm dogs, and its importance on public health.

Materials And Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, a total of 150 blood samples were taken from 100 adult dogs in breeding kennels and 50 shepherd dogs in breeding farms in Kerman, Iran.