Low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy for Peyronie's disease: An Indian experience.

Introduction: Efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LiESWT) in Peyronie's disease (PD) has not been studied in an Indian population. Here, we studied the effect of LiESWT in Indian PD patients.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 25 patients who completed weekly sessions of LiESWT for 6 weeks with a follow-up of 6 months.

Heavy chain deposition disease in a case of clear cell renal cell carcinoma- A jack in the box.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common subtype of adult renal tumors, and its detection rate in the early stages has been increased in the dawn of advanced imaging modalities. Nephrectomy is the mainstay of treatment; determination of tumor category and staging is the primary concern of oncopathologists. Non-neoplastic renal parenchyma is overlooked majority of times and thus misses the opportunity to detect concomitant medical renal diseases which also predict the renal outcome in the postoperative era.

The LongitudinAl Nationwide stuDy on Management And Real-world outComes of diabetes in India over 3 years (LANDMARC trial).

Introduction: LANDMARC (CTRI/2017/05/008452), a prospective, observational real-world study, evaluated the occurrence of diabetes complications, glycemic control and treatment patterns in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from pan-India regions over a period of 3 years.

Methods: Participants with T2DM (≥25 to ≤60 years old at diagnosis, diabetes duration ≥2 years at the time of enrollment, with/without glycemic control and on ≥2 antidiabetic therapies) were included. The proportion of participants with macrovascular and microvascular complications, glycemic control and time to treatment adaptation over 36 months were assessed.

Two-year trends from the LANDMARC study: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: There are limited data on the real-world management of diabetes in the Indian population. In this 2-year analysis of the LANDMARC study, the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related complications were assessed.

Method: This multicenter, observational, prospective study included adults aged ≥25 to ≤60 years diagnosed with T2DM (duration ≥2 years at enrollment) and controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti-diabetic agents.

One-year trends from the LANDMARC trial: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: Longitudinal data on management and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India are scarce. LANDMARC (CTRI/2017/05/008452), first-of-its-kind, pan-India, prospective, observational study aimed to evaluate real-world patterns and management of T2DM over 3 years.

Methods: Adults (≥25 to ≤60 years old at T2DM diagnosis; diabetes duration ≥2 years at enrolment; controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti-diabetic agents) were enrolled.

Moxifloxacin-induced oral erythema multiforme: An unusual adverse effect hitherto unreported.

Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone with excellent activity in community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Common adverse effects are gastrointestinal symptoms, headache, dizziness, etc., Some serious adverse effects include tendon rupture, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neuropathy, and interstitial nephritis.

IgG4 tubulointerstitial nephritis - An uncommon enemy!

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an evolving entity characterized by immune mediated multisystem involvement in the form of fibro inflammatory lesions like sclerosing pancreatitis, dacryoadenitis, Reidel thyroiditis, or chronic sclerosing sialadenitis. Barely, the lesions are restricted to kidney (IgG4-RKD: IgG4-related kidney disease) involving either glomerular or extraglomerular compartment. It is challenging to identify and demands an awareness regarding the entity to reduce the number misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Outcome of Neonates Born to COVID-Positive Women at 6 Months of Age.

Objectives: To compare clinical and neurodevelopmental outcome at the age of 6 months for neonates born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers.

Methods: Neonates of SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers, admitted in our hospital were assessed for growth, neurodevelopment by Amiel-Tison method, and Developmental Profile (DP3) at discharge as part of another study (July 2020). This data were retrieved and babies followed-up at the age of 6 months.

Karyotype-Phenotype Correlation in Turner Syndrome at a Single Center in Eastern India.

Objective: To describe clinical features in Indian girls with Turner syndrome along with the phenotype-karyotype correlation.

Methods: 103 girls with Turner syndrome were divided into karyotype-groups: Classic (45X), 45,X/46,XX mosaics, isochromosomeXq (46,X,iXq and 45,X/46,X,iXq mosaics), 45,X/46,XYmosaics and structural defects, and analyzed for phenotypic differences.

Results: Majority (44.

Status of Health-care Workers in Relation to COVID-19 Infection: A Retrospective Study in a Level 4 COVID Hospital in Eastern India.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a high risk of acquiring SARSCoV- 2 infection, due to repeated occupational exposure, long working hours, stress and fatigue. In India, there is lack of data regarding the prevalence of COVID-19 amongst HCWs due to absence of routine screening programme within the hospital premises. We have designed this study in order to improve our understanding of the incidence of SARS-CoV2 within the health care workers working in a level 4 COVID hospital in Kolkata.

Disseminated Cutaneous Rhinosporidiosis: Revisited.

A vegetative growth in the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx present for a considerable period of time raises the possibility of rhinosporidiosis. Such presentation in the Indian subcontinent is not rare but erythematous cauliflower-like or tumor-like growths often reaching large size present on various areas of the skin without necessarily involving the nasal apparatus are often confusing to the attending clinician. A dermatologist may suspect the disseminated form of cutaneous rhinosporidiosis and perform a diagnostic histopathology.

Role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient in characterizing breast lesions by 3.0 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To evaluate the role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a tool for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions.

Patients And Methods: This prospective observational study included 88 breast lesions in 77 patients (between 18 and 85 years of age) who underwent 3T breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm before biopsy. Mean exponential ADC and ADC of benign and malignant lesions obtained from DWI were compared.

Effects of thyroid status on glycated hemoglobin.

Introduction: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can be altered in different conditions. We hypothesize that HbA1c levels may change due to altered thyroid status, possibly due to changes in red blood cell (RBC) turnover.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of altered thyroid status on HbA1c levels in individuals without diabetes, with overt hyper- and hypo-thyroidism, and if present, whether such changes in HbA1c are reversed after achieving euthyroid state.

Prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy: An epidemiological study from 11 cities in 9 states of India.

Background: A previous hospital based study from Delhi revealed a high prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women. Several other studies with small sample size also indicate a rising trend of prevalence of hypothyroidism during pregnancy in India.

Objective: To assess prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women from various states/cities across India.

Profile of liver enzymes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and newly detected untreated type 2 diabetes.

Context: The perception of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as an uncommon and benign condition is rapidly changing. Approximately, 70% type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have a fatty liver, which may follow an aggressive course with necroinflammation and fibrosis.

Aims: To assess the profile of liver enzymes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), new onset treatment naive T2DM and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) with and without NAFLD.

Type 1 diabetes: Awareness, management and challenges: Current scenario in India.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has a wide presence in children and has a high mortality rates. The disease, if left unmanaged, poses various challenges to the patient and healthcare providers, including development of diabetic complications and thus decreasing the life expectancy of the affected child. The challenges of T1DM include awareness of the disease that is very poor among the general public and also in parents of T1DM children along with the health care professionals.

Forum for Injection Technique (FIT), India: The Indian recommendations 2.0, for best practice in Insulin Injection Technique, 2015.

As injectable therapies such as human insulin, insulin analogs, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are used to manage diabetes, correct injection technique is vital for the achievement of glycemic control. The forum for injection technique India acknowledged this need for the first time in India and worked to develop evidence-based recommendations on insulin injection technique, to assist healthcare practitioners in their clinical practice.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis in experimental animal models.

Background: Bougainvillea spectabilis (BS) (family Nyctaginaceae) is said to possess hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities in experimental animals. We had set forward to examine the potential anti-inflammatory activities of BS in experimental models of inflammation.

Materials And Methods: Fresh dried leaves from the flowering plant of BS were collected from the local area during the flowering season and air dried (215.