Access to primary care and mortality in excess for patients with cancer in France: Results from 21 French Cancer Registries.

Background: The impact of geographical accessibility on cancer survival has been investigated in few studies, with most research focusing on access to reference care centers, using overall mortality and limited to specific cancer sites. This study aims to examine the association of access to primary care with mortality in excess of patients with the 10 most frequent cancers in France, while controlling for socioeconomic deprivation.

Methods: This study included a total of 151,984 cases diagnosed with the 10 most common cancer sites in 21 French cancer registries between 2013 and 2015.

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: Update from the ESID Registry and comparison with other autoimmune-lymphoproliferative inborn errors of immunity.

Background: Activated phosphoinositide-3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) with infection susceptibility and immune dysregulation, clinically overlapping with other conditions. Management depends on disease evolution, but predictors of severe disease are lacking.

Objectives: This study sought to report the extended spectrum of disease manifestations in APDS1 versus APDS2; compare these to CTLA4 deficiency, NFKB1 deficiency, and STAT3 gain-of-function (GOF) disease; and identify predictors of severity in APDS.

Evaluation of drug cost savings related to clinical trials from the perspective of a university hospital.

Objectives: Clinical trials are an opportunity for patients to access innovative therapy, but patient inclusion in clinical trials can also result in cost savings for hospitals. Our objective was to evaluate the economic impact of clinical trials drug cost savings in a French academic institution from the perspectives of both the French Health Insurance (FHI) and hospitals.

Methods: A retrospective, observational, cost saving analysis was performed on all the clinical trials initiated in our university hospital between 2015 and 2020.

BERT-based natural language processing analysis of French CT reports: Application to the measurement of the positivity rate for pulmonary embolism.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop a Natural Language Processing (NLP) method based on Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) adapted to French CT reports and to evaluate its performance to calculate the diagnostic yield of CT in patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE).

Materials And Methods: All the CT reports performed in our institution in 2019 (99,510 reports, training and validation dataset) and 2018 (94,559 reports, testing dataset) were included after anonymization. Two BERT-based NLP sentence classifiers were trained on 27.

Comparison of Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with or without Cancer Admitted to the ICU for Septic Shock: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Cancer patients are at high risk of developing septic shock (SSh) and are increasingly admitted to ICU given their improved long-term prognosis. We, therefore, compared the prognosis of cancer and non-cancer patients with SSh. Methods: We conducted a monocentric, retrospective cohort study (2013−2019) on patients admitted to ICU for SSh.

Early Corticosteroid Therapy May Increase Ventilator-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put significant pressure on hospitals and in particular on intensive care units (ICU). Some patients develop acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with profound hypoxia, which likely requires invasive mechanical ventilation during prolonged periods. Corticosteroids have become a cornerstone therapy for patients with severe COVID-19, though only little data are available regarding their potential harms and benefits, especially concerning the risk of a ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (VA-LRTI).

Economic impact of generic antiretrovirals in France for HIV patients' care: a simulation between 2019 and 2023.

Background: In a context where the economic burden of HIV is increasing as HIV patients now have a close to normal lifespan, the availability of generic antiretrovirals commonly prescribed in 2017 and the imminence of patent expiration are expected to provide substantial savings in the coming years. This article aims to assess the economic impact of these generic antiretrovirals in France and specifically over a five-year period.

Methods: An agent-based model was developed to simulate patient trajectories and treatment use over a five-year period.

Computerized Decision Support Systems for Nursing Homes: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: To summarize the research literature describing the outcomes of computerized decision support systems (CDSSs) implemented in nursing homes (NHs).

Design: Scoping review.

Methods: Search of relevant articles published in the English language between January 1, 2000, and February 29, 2020, in the Medline database.

Gastric Bypass But Not Sleeve Gastrectomy Increases Risk of Major Osteoporotic Fracture: French Population-Based Cohort Study.

The objective of this work was to investigate the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF; hip, proximal humerus, wrist and distal forearm, and clinical spine) in bariatric surgery patients versus matched controls. Bariatric surgery is associated with an increase in fracture risk. However, it remains unclear whether the same degree of fracture risk is associated with sleeve gastrectomy, which has recently surpassed gastric bypass.

Physiological response to fluid resuscitation with Ringer lactate versus Plasmalyte in critically ill burn patients.

The metabolic consequences in vivo of various balanced solutions are poorly known in critically ill patients. The main objective of this study was to describe the metabolic consequences of Plasmalyte versus Ringer lactate (RL) in critically ill burn patients, with a special focus on the plasma clearance of buffer anions (i.e.

Novel CCM2 missense variants abrogating the CCM1-CCM2 interaction cause cerebral cavernous malformations.

Background: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular malformations mostly located within the central nervous system. Most deleterious variants are loss of function mutations in one of the three genes. These genes code for proteins that form a ternary cytosolic complex with CCM2 as a hub.

The anti-IgE mAb omalizumab induces adverse reactions by engaging Fcγ receptors.

Omalizumab is an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (mAb) approved for the treatment of severe asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Use of omalizumab is associated with reported side effects ranging from local skin inflammation at the injection site to systemic anaphylaxis. To date, the mechanisms through which omalizumab induces adverse reactions are still unknown.

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Related Inflammation With Prominent Meningeal Involvement. A Report of 2 Cases.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation (CAA-RI) is a rare form of CAA characterized by subacute encephalitic symptoms (cognitive decline, seizures, focal deficits) associated with extensive and confluent white matter lesions co-localizing with lobar microbleeds on brain MRI. We report two cases of unusual CAA-RI mimicking meningoencephalitis but without typical brain lesions on FLAIR and T2 sequences. These 2 cases may extend the clinical spectrum of CAA-RI by suggesting the possible occurrence of quite purely meningeal forms of CAA-RI.

Disparities in Acceptance of Deceased Donor Kidneys Between the United States and France and Estimated Effects of Increased US Acceptance.

Importance: Approximately 3500 donated kidneys are discarded in the United States each year, drawing concern from Medicare and advocacy groups.

Objective: To estimate the effects of more aggressive allograft acceptance practices on the donor pool and allograft survival for the population of US wait-listed kidney transplant candidates.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A nationwide study using validated registries from the United States and France comprising comprehensive cohorts of deceased donors with organs offered to kidney transplant centers between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2014.

Patients' perspective on how to improve the care of people with chronic conditions in France: a citizen science study within the ComPaRe e-cohort.

Background: This study aimed to involve patients with chronic conditions in generating ideas for improving their care.

Methods: We performed a citizen science study. Participants were adult patients with chronic conditions recruited in Community of Patients for Research 'ComPaRe,' a French e-cohort of patients with chronic conditions.

Impact of maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain on pregnancy complications: an individual participant data meta-analysis of European, North American and Australian cohorts.

Objective: To assess the separate and combined associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain with the risks of pregnancy complications and their population impact.

Design: Individual participant data meta-analysis of 39 cohorts.

Setting: Europe, North America, and Oceania.

Mutations in Outer Dynein Arm Heavy Chain DNAH9 Cause Motile Cilia Defects and Situs Inversus.

Motile cilia move body fluids and gametes and the beating of cilia lining the airway epithelial surfaces ensures that they are kept clear and protected from inhaled pathogens and consequent respiratory infections. Dynein motor proteins provide mechanical force for cilia beating. Dynein mutations are a common cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), an inherited condition characterized by deficient mucociliary clearance and chronic respiratory disease coupled with laterality disturbances and subfertility.

Efficacy of rituximab in refractory RRMS.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of rituximab as rescue therapy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and persistent disease activity confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) despite immunosuppressive disease-modifying therapy (DMT).

Methods: In this observational nationwide retrospective multicenter study, we first identified 351 off-label rituximab-treated patients through a cohort of 15,984 RRMS patients. In this group, we identified patients with disease activity prior to rituximab confirmed by MRI (one or more new T2 lesion and/or gadolinium-enhancing lesion) despite immunosuppressive DMT (fingolimod, natalizumab, or mitoxantrone) with a follow-up after rituximab initiation longer than 6 months.

Performance Evaluation of a Dedicated Preclinical PET/CT System for the Assessment of Mineralization Process in a Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) acquisition and reconstruction parameters on the assessment of mineralization process in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

Procedures: All experiments were performed on a dedicated preclinical PET/CT system. CT was evaluated using five acquisition configurations using both a tungsten wire phantom for in-plane resolution assessment and a bar pattern phantom for cross-plane resolution.