Parents' and children's comprehension and decision in a paediatric early phase oncology trial: a prospective study.

Objective: To analyse parents' and children's understanding of consent information and assess their decision-making process in paediatric oncology.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Settings: Eleven French paediatric oncology units.

A new methodology to derive 3D kinetic parametric FDG PET images based on a mathematical approach integrating an error model of measurement.

Background: In FDG-PET, SUV images are hampered by large potential biases. Our aim was to develop an alternative method (ParaPET) to generate 3D kinetic parametric FDG-PET images easy to perform in clinical oncology.

Methods: The key points of our method are the use of a new error model of PET measurement extracted from a late dynamic PET acquisition of 15 min, centered over the lesion and an image-derived input function (IDIF).

The accuracy of baseline viral load for predicting the efficacy of elbasvir/grazoprevir in participants with hepatitis C virus genotype 1a infection: An integrated analysis.

European treatment guidelines for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection recommend that people with genotype (GT) 1a infection and baseline viral load ≤800 000 IU/mL receive elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) for 12 weeks, and those with baseline viral load >800 000 IU/mL receive EBR/GZR plus ribavirin for 16 weeks. This analysis was conducted to clarify whether baseline viral load can serve as an accurate, sensitive or specific stratification factor for defining EBR/GZR regimens. In this post hoc, integrated analysis, participants with GT1a infection who received EBR 50 mg/GZR 100 mg for 12 weeks were stratified according to baseline viral load.

Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups for women in Europe, North America, and Oceania.

Background: Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different pre-pregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.

Association of social deprivation with 1-year outcome of ICU survivors: results from the FROG-ICU study.

Purpose: Intensive care unit survivors suffer from prolonged impairment, reduced quality of life, and higher mortality rates after discharge compared to the general population. Socioeconomic status may play a partial but important role in mortality and recovery. Therefore, the detection of factors that are responsible for poor long-term outcomes would be beneficial in designing targeted interventions for at-risk populations.

Negative Survival Impact of High Radiation Doses to Neural Stem Cells Niches in an IDH-Wild-Type Glioblastoma Population.

Assess the impact of radiation doses to neural stem cell (NSC) niches in patients with IDH-wild-type glioblastoma. Fifty patients were included in the study. NSC niches [SubVentricular Zone (SVZ) and Sub Granular Zone (SGZ)] were contoured by fusing CT scans and pre-therapy MRI, Tumor location defined ipsilateral and contralateral SVZ and SGZ.

RND1 regulates migration of human glioblastoma stem-like cells according to their anatomical localization and defines a prognostic signature in glioblastoma.

Despite post-operative radio-chemotherapy, glioblastoma systematically locally recurs. Tumors contacting the periventricular zone (PVZ) show earlier and more distant relapses than tumors not contacting the PVZ. Since glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) have been proposed to play a major role in glioblastoma recurrence, we decided to test whether GSC migration properties could be different according to their anatomical location (PVZ+/PVZ-).

The Importance of Revisiting Legionellales Diversity.

Bacteria of the order Legionellales, such as Legionella pneumophila, the agent of Legionnaires' disease, and Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, are widely recognized as human pathogens. While our view of the Legionellales is often limited to clinical isolates, ecological surveys are continually uncovering new members of the Legionellales that do not fall into the recognized pathogenic species. Here we emphasize that most of these Legionellales are nonpathogenic forms that have evolved symbiotic lifestyles with nonvertebrate hosts.

Large International Validation of ABSIS and PDAI Pemphigus Severity Scores.

The Pemphigus Disease Area Index (PDAI) and Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity-Score (ABSIS) scores have been proposed to provide an objective measure of pemphigus activity. These scores have been evaluated only on already treated patients mainly with mild to moderate activity. The objective was to assess the interrater reliability of ABSIS and PDAI scores and their correlation with other severity markers in a large international study.

GENIPSO: a French prospective study assessing instantaneous prevalence, clinical features and impact on quality of life of genital psoriasis among patients consulting for psoriasis.

Background: Genital psoriasis is often under-recognized.

Objectives: To assess the instantaneous prevalence of genital psoriasis and describe its clinical features, association with a particular subtype of psoriasis and its impact on general and sexual quality of life (QoL).

Methods: GENIPSO is a prospective study conducted by private and hospital-based dermatologists.

Otx2 promotes granule cell precursor proliferation and Shh-dependent medulloblastoma maintenance in vivo.

The developmental gene OTX2 is expressed by cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs), a cell population which undergoes massive expansion during the early postnatal period in response to sonic hedgehog (Shh). GCPs are thought to be at the origin of most medulloblastomas, a devastating paediatric cancer that arises in the developing cerebellum. OTX2 is overexpressed in all types of medulloblastomas, except in Shh-dependent type 2 medulloblastomas, although it has GCPs as cell-of-origin.

FXa-α2-Macroglobulin Complex Neutralizes Direct Oral Anticoagulants Targeting FXa In Vitro and In Vivo.

Increasing number of patients are treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). An antidote for dabigatran inhibiting thrombin (idarucizumab) is available but no antidote is yet approved for the factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors (xabans). We hypothesized that a complex between Gla-domainless FXa and α-macroglobulin (GDFXa-αM) may neutralize the xabans without interfering with normal blood coagulation.

Alternative PDGFD rearrangements in dermatofibrosarcomas protuberans without PDGFB fusions.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is underlined by recurrent collagen type I alpha 1 chain-platelet-derived growth factor B chain (COL1A1-PDGFB) fusions but ~ 4% of typical dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans remain negative for this translocation in routine molecular screening. We investigated a series of 21 cases not associated with the pathognomonic COL1A1-PDGFB fusion on routine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing. All cases displayed morphological and clinical features consistent with the diagnosis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.

Correction: Reversion of resistance to oxaliplatin by inhibition of p38 MAPK in colorectal cancer cell lines: involvement of the calpain / Nox1 pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21780.

Screening of natural Wolbachia infection in Aedes aegypti, Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus from Guadeloupe (French West Indies).

Guadeloupe islands are threatened by several mosquito-borne viruses such as Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika and West Nile virus. It appears essential to look for alternative mosquito control methods such as the incompatible insect technique (ITT) aiming at sterilizing wild females by inundative releases of incompatible males. Before considering the implementation of such a strategy, the characterization of genetic diversity of the endocellular bacterium Wolbachia regarding the local mosquito populations is a critical issue.

Vancomycin in Pediatric Patients with Solid or Hematological Malignant Disease: Predictive Performance of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model and New Optimized Dosing Regimens.

Background: The application of population pharmacokinetic models and Bayesian methods offers the potential to develop individualized therapeutic approaches.

Objectives: The current study presents an external evaluation of a vancomycin pharmacokinetic model in a pediatric cancer population and proposes an easy-to-use chart for clinicians for a priori vancomycin schedule adaptation to achieve target concentration.

Methods: External evaluation of a population pharmacokinetic model of vancomycin administered via continuous infusion was realized in a new retrospective dataset of pediatric patients with cancer.

Poor Subpleural Perfusion Predicts Failure After Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for Nonoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Poor subpleural perfusion (PSP) in the capillary phase of pulmonary angiography predicts worse outcomes following pulmonary endarterectomy in operable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) has emerged as a treatment for nonoperable CTEPH. The goal of the present article was to assess the association between PSP and BPA failure.

Trends in hospitalization rates for psoriasis flares since the introduction of biologics: a time series in France between 2005 and 2015.

Background: In the late 2000s, the introduction of biologics transformed the prognosis for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. We hypothesized that treatment with biologics may associate with a reduction in the hospitalization rate for psoriasis flares.

Objective: To analyse changes over time in the hospitalization rate for psoriasis flares.

Native and recombinant phospholipases A of Scorpio maurus venom glands impair angiogenesis by targeting integrins α5β1 and αvβ3.

We recently purified an heterodimeric phospholipase A named Sm-PLGV from the venom glands of scorpion Scorpio maurus containing a Long chain, a penta-peptide insertion, which is cut out during the maturation, followed by a short chain. Three recombinant forms of Sm-PLGV were produced in Escherichia coli: rPLA(+5) containing the full-length sequence including the penta-peptide insert, rPLA(-5) a fused continuous chain of the Long and the short chains without the penta-peptide and the Long chain alone without the short one. In this study, we showed that Sm-PLGV, rPLA(+5) and rPLA(-5) displayed more potent anti-angiogenic properties than the recombinant Long chain and the short chain obtained by chemical synthesis.

Comparison of tumor size assessments in tumor growth inhibition-overall survival models with second-line colorectal cancer data from the VELOUR study.

Purpose: To compare lesion-level and volumetric measures of tumor burden with sum of the longest dimensions (SLD) of target lesions on overall survival (OS) predictions using time-to-growth (TTG) as predictor.

Methods: Tumor burden and OS data from a phase 3 randomized study of second-line FOLFIRI ± aflibercept in metastatic colorectal cancer were available for 918 patients out of 1216 treated (75%). A TGI model that estimates TTG was fit to the longitudinal tumor size data (nonlinear mixed effect modeling) to estimate TTG with: SLD, sum of the measured lesion volumes (SV), individual lesion diameters (ILD), or individual lesion volumes (ILV).

Helix aspersa maxima mucus exhibits antimelanogenic and antitumoral effects against melanoma cells.

Snail secretion is currently revolutionizing the world of cosmetics and human skin care. The efficacy of snail secretion in wounds healing has been proven both in vitro and by clinical studies. However, the potential anti-tumor effect of snail secretion was poorly investigated.

Association between air pollution and rhinitis incidence in two European cohorts.

Background: The association between air pollution and rhinitis is not well established.

Aim: The aim of this longitudinal analysis was to study the association between modeled air pollution at the subjects' home addresses and self-reported incidence of rhinitis.

Methods: We used data from 1533 adults from two multicentre cohorts' studies (EGEA and ECRHS).

Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Linear Psoriasis: A Study of 30 Cases.

Background: Psoriasis affects 2-4% of the population, with the most common clinical type being plaque psoriasis. The linear form of psoriasis is very rare. The literature on linear psoriasis (LP) consists of only case reports, and data are few.

Sex- and age-adjusted prevalence estimates of five chronic inflammatory skin diseases in France: results of the « OBJECTIFS PEAU » study.

Background: There are few population-based studies assessing the prevalence of skin diseases.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of five chronic skin inflammatory diseases, i.e.