Head-to-head comparison of lung perfusion with dual-energy CT and SPECT-CT.

Purpose: To compare the quantitative and qualitative lung perfusion data acquired with dual energy CT (DECT) to that acquired with a large field-of-view cadmium-zinc-telluride camera single-photon emission CT coupled to a CT system (SPECT-CT).

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 patients who underwent both dual-layer DECT angiography and perfusion SPECT-CT for pulmonary hypertension or pre-operative lobar resection surgery were retrospectively included. There were 30 men and 23 women with a mean age of 65.

Effect of Steady and Dynamic Blood Pressure Parameters During Thrombectomy According to the Collateral Status.

Background and Purpose- Guidelines regarding blood pressure (BP) management during endovascular therapy (EVT) for anterior circulation strokes are questionable since the optimal BP target is a matter of debate. To evaluate the importance of hemodynamic control during EVT, we investigated the impact of dynamic and steady BP parameters during EVT on functional outcome (part 1) and according to the collateral status (CS; part 2). Methods- We performed a post hoc analysis of the ASTER trial (Contact Aspiration Versus Stent Retriever for Successful Recanalization).

Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch vs Saline for Volume Replacement Therapy on Death or Postoperative Complications Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery: The FLASH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: It is not known if use of colloid solutions containing hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to correct for intravascular deficits in high-risk surgical patients is either effective or safe.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of HES 130/0.4 compared with 0.

Broader Geographical Distribution of Toscana Virus in the Mediterranean Region Suggests the Existence of Larger Varieties of Sand Fly Vectors.

Toscana virus (TOSV) is endemic in the Mediterranean basin, where it is transmitted by sand flies. TOSV can infect humans and cause febrile illness as well as neuroinvasive infections affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems. Although TOSV is a significant human pathogen, it remains neglected and there are consequently many gaps of knowledge.

Influence of Radiotherapy Fractionation Schedule on the Tumor Vascular Microenvironment in Prostate and Lung Cancer Models.

Unlabelled: Background. The tumor vasculature acts as an interface for the primary tumor. It regulates oxygenation, nutrient delivery, and treatment efficacy including radiotherapy.

PGxCorpus, a manually annotated corpus for pharmacogenomics.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) studies how individual gene variations impact drug response phenotypes, which makes PGx-related knowledge a key component towards precision medicine. A significant part of the state-of-the-art knowledge in PGx is accumulated in scientific publications, where it is hardly reusable by humans or software. Natural language processing techniques have been developed to guide experts who curate this amount of knowledge.

[Five years' experience of cosmetic camouflage of disfiguring skin disorders: Patient satisfaction].

Introduction: Living with disfiguring disorders can impair the emotional well-being and relationships of patients as well as their social and professional life. Since 2010, courses in medical cosmetic correction for disfiguring diseases have been conducted at the dermatology department of the Timone University Hospital in Marseille and they form part of an educational program. The aim of this study was to assess the satisfaction of patients taking part in this program.

Rituximab is an effective treatment in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and demonstrates a steroid-sparing effect.

Background: Corticosteroids (CS) with or without adjuvant immunosuppressant agents are standard treatment for pemphigus vulgaris (PV). The efficacy of adjuvant therapies in minimizing steroid-related adverse events (AEs) is unproven.

Objectives: To utilize data collected in a French investigator-initiated, phase III, open-label, randomized controlled trial to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of rituximab and seek approval for its use in PV.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Incidence and Risk Stratification Among Natalizumab Users in France.

Importance: Risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is the major barrier to using natalizumab for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the association of risk stratification with PML incidence has not been evaluated.

Objective: To describe the temporal evolution of PML incidence in France before and after introduction of risk minimization recommendations in 2013.

Pulmonary hypertension in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: A large cohort of 183 patients.

Background: Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are recognized as a cause of pulmonary hypertension (pH). We ought to describe the prevalence and characteristics of PH in a cohort of MPN who were screened using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

Methods: One hundred eighty-three newly diagnosed consecutive MPN patients were prospectively evaluated using TTE to detect PH.

Efficacy and safety of autologous stem cell transplantation after induction therapy with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone.

Objectives: Recently, phase III trials assessed a new combination of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (RVD) in induction therapy in transplantation-eligible multiple myeloma (MM) patients, before consolidation with RVD and lenalidomide maintenance. We present a retrospective study evaluating this approach with patients from the real life.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-arm study to assess efficacy and safety of RVD combination in induction therapy before high-dose chemotherapy with melphalan followed by autologous stem cell transplantation, and RVD consolidation followed by lenalidomide maintenance, from February 2011 to May 2016.

Intraoperative changes in blood lactate levels are associated with worse short-term outcomes after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: A high perioperative blood lactate level has been reported to be associated with poor outcomes after cardiac surgery. More than isolated peaks of lactate values, it should be more interesting to take into account changes in intraoperative blood lactate level (∆Lact). This large-scale retrospective study evaluated the relationship between ∆Lact and overall intensive care unit morbidity and 30-day all-cause mortality.

Multidisciplinary team meeting and EUSOMA quality indicators in breast cancer care: A French regional multicenter study.

Introduction: We evaluate breast cancer (BC) pathway at a regional level including public, private and university institutions. We assessed the quality of multidisciplinary team meetings (MTM) and compliance with a panel of European high-quality indicators (EUSOMA QIs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter (n = 20) study in the largest health care region in France.

Comparison of high-frequency and ultrahigh-frequency probes in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

Objectives: High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS 18-20 MHz) performed on patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) shows a focal enlargement, particularly in the proximal segments of upper-arm motor nerves. Ultrahigh frequency ultrasound (UHFUS 30-70 MHz), having a higher spatial resolution, enables a better characterization of nerve structures. The aim of this study was to compare the two ultrasound probes in the evaluation of motor nerve characteristics in CIDP patients.

Maternal ageing impairs mitochondrial DNA kinetics during early embryogenesis in mice.

Study Question: Does ageing affect the kinetics of the mitochondrial pool during oogenesis and early embryogenesis?

Summary Answer: While we found no age-related change during oogenesis, the kinetics of mitochondrial DNA content and the expression of the factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis appeared to be significantly altered during embryogenesis.

What Is Known Already: Oocyte mitochondria are necessary for embryonic development. The morphological and functional alterations of mitochondria, as well as the qualitative and quantitative mtDNA anomalies, observed during ovarian ageing may be responsible for the alteration of oocyte competence and embryonic development.

Off-label drug prescriptions in French general practice: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Off-label drug prescribing is a public health and economic issue. The aim of this study was to describe off-label prescription in general practice in France, in terms of frequency and nature, and to identify its main determining factors.

Design: Multicentre cross-sectional study SETTING: Twenty-three training general practice offices PARTICIPANTS: All the voluntary patients coming for a medical consultation or visited at home over a cumulative period of 5 days per office between November 2015 and January 2016.

Abdominal Surgery in Patients With Idiopathic Noncirrhotic Portal Hypertension: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

In patients with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH), data on morbidity and mortality of abdominal surgery are scarce. We retrospectively analyzed the charts of patients with INCPH undergoing abdominal surgery within the Vascular Liver Disease Interest Group network. Forty-four patients with biopsy-proven INCPH were included.

Efficacy and safety of oral alitretinoin as treatment for chronic hand eczema in France: a real-life open-label study.

Background: Chronic hand eczema is an inflammatory dermatosis that results in a significant psychological and socio-economic burden. Alitretinoin (AL) is indicated in adults with severe chronic hand eczema (sCHE) unresponsive to potent topical corticosteroids.

Objectives: To assess AL effectiveness and safety in patients with sCHE under real-life conditions based on a prospective observational study in France (2010-2014).

Beneficial effects of CNCM I-745 on clinical disorders associated with intestinal barrier disruption.

Intestinal barrier defects lead to "leaky gut syndrome", defined as an increase in intestinal permeability that allows the passage of luminal content into intestinal tissue and the bloodstream. Such a compromised intestinal barrier is the main factor underlying the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, but also commonly occurs in various systemic diseases such as viral infections and metabolic syndrome. The non-pathogenic yeast CNCM I-745 has demonstrated its effectiveness as a probiotic in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated, infectious and functional diarrhea.

Magnitude of Venous Thromboembolism Risk in US Hospitals: Impact of Evolving National Guidelines for Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism.

Background: The annual number of US hospital discharges at risk for venous thromboembolism and the impact of evolving American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) consensus guidelines for prevention of venous thromboembolism are unknown.

Methods: Three risk-assessment algorithms based on 2004, 2008, and 2012 ACCP guidelines for prevention of venous thromboembolism were applied to the 2014 US National Inpatient Sample to derive estimates of the annual number of US inpatients at risk for venous thromboembolism.

Results: Of 35.

Landfills and preterm birth in the Guadeloupe archipelago (French West Indies): a spatial cluster analysis.

Background: A high rate of preterm birth is observed in the Guadeloupe archipelago (French West Indies), raising the hypothesis of harmful environmental exposures, including landfilling. Our aim was to evaluate whether preterm births cluster around the three main open landfills located in this area.

Methods: The study population consisted of 911 women enrolled in the Timoun mother-child cohort (2004-2007).

Zinc Induces Temperature-Dependent Reversible Self-Assembly of Tau.

Tau is an intrinsically disordered microtubule-associated protein that is implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders called tauopathies. In these diseases, Tau is found in the form of intracellular inclusions that consist of aggregated paired helical filaments (PHFs) in neurons. Given the importance of this irreversible PHF formation in neurodegenerative disease, Tau aggregation has been extensively studied.

Ribonuclease MCPiP1 contributes to the loss of micro-RNA-200 family members in pancreatic cancer cells.

The microRNA-200 (miR-200) family is frequently down-regulated in tumors, including pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDACs). In this study we have examined the mechanisms involved in the loss of miR-200s in tumoral pancreatic cells. Whereas miR-200 gene promoters appear methylated in mature miR-200 deficient cell lines, miR-200 precursors are detected in nuclear but not cytoplasmic compartment of these cells, indicating that promoter hypermethylation is not sufficient to explain the deficit of mature miR-200s.