Characteristics and recovery trends of severe TBI patients with a favorable functional outcome at 6-month follow-up.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a devastating cause of death and disability. Outcomes following TBI have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been given to identifying characteristics of individuals who have a favorable outcome following severe TBI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a database containing information on TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center between 2015 and 2021.

TREM2 affects DAM-like cell transformation in the acute phase of TBI in mice by regulating microglial glycolysis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high mortality and disability rates. Disease-associated microglia (DAM) are a newly discovered subtype of microglia. However, their presence and function in the acute phase of TBI remain unclear.

Regenerative properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes in rotator cuff tears.

Rotator cuff injury (RCI), characterized by shoulder pain and restricted mobility, represents a subset of tendon-bone insertion injuries (TBI). In the majority of cases, surgical reconstruction of the affected tendons or ligaments is required to address the damage. However, numerous clinical failures have underscored the suboptimal outcomes associated with such procedures.

Revisiting the oxygen reactivity index in traumatic brain injury: the complementary value of combined focal and global autoregulation monitoring.

Background: The oxygen reactivity index (ORx) reflects the correlation between focal brain tissue oxygen (pbtO) and the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Previous, small cohort studies were conflicting on whether ORx conveys cerebral autoregulatory information and if it is related to outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Thus, we aimed to investigate these issues in a larger TBI cohort.

Predicting admission for fall-related injuries in older adults using artificial intelligence: A proof-of-concept study.

Aim: Pre-injury frailty has been investigated as a tool to predict outcomes of older trauma patients. Using artificial intelligence principles of machine learning, we aimed to identify a "signature" (combination of clinical variables) that could predict which older adults are at risk of fall-related hospital admission. We hypothesized that frailty, measured using the 5-item modified Frailty Index, could be utilized in combination with other factors as a predictor of admission for fall-related injuries.

Treatment of exposed tibial bone by old school burr holes - a case report.

Background: We report a successful wound treatment of a chronic ulcer with bone exposure using a somehow forgotten technique of creating burr holes into the bone. Most clinics would promote flap surgery to cover wounds with bone exposure, however, in some cases invasive surgery is not mandatory. We bring up an alternative treatment for such cases.

Pedicled myocutaneous trapezius flap for chronic osteomyelitis of the spinous processes - a case report.

Complex injuries to the posterior trunk can still pose a significant challenge to the reconstructive surgeon. Due to the lack of skin laxity, dependent anatomical location and the importance of the deeper structures, a systematic approach tailored to the individual defect should be considered for these types of reconstructions. In our case report, we present a reconstructive solution of a chronic defect of the back caused by resection of an ulceration.

Healthcare spending and factors associated with fall injury in Australia residential aged care: a cohort analysis.

Background: Given that fall injury is a critical public health concern in Australia, understanding the economic implications of falls among older adults is crucial to allocating healthcare resources efficiently to reduce falls and improve quality of life. This study therefore aimed to estimate the cost and identify factors associated with fall-related injuries within residential aged care (RAC).

Methods: A cohort analysis from the healthcare system perspective based on data from a double-blinded randomised controlled trial-the Opti-Med trial.

Brain health in Norwegian female former top-level football players: a protocol for a longitudinal cohort study.

Introduction: Repetitive head impacts (RHI) in sports may represent a risk factor for long-term cognitive and neurological sequelae. Recent studies have identified an association between playing football at the top level and an elevated risk of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease. However, these were conducted on men, and there is a knowledge gap regarding these risks in female athletes.

Targeting circFOXO3 to Modulate Integrin β6 Expression in Periodontitis: A Potential Therapeutic Approach.

Aims: Circular RNA forkhead box O3 (circFOXO3) is crucial in regulating inflammation in lung and heart injuries. However, its role in periodontitis remains unclear. We sought to elucidate the effects of circFOXO3 on periodontitis progression and related molecular mechanisms.

Comparison of cell-scaffold interactions in a biological and a synthetic wound matrix.

Wound healing is a central physiological process that restores the barrier properties of the skin after injury, comprising close coordination between several cell types (including fibroblasts and macrophages) in the wound bed. The complex mechanisms involved are executed and regulated by an equally complex, reciprocal signalling network involving numerous signalling molecules such as catabolic and anabolic inflammatory mediators (e.g.

Comparison between artificial dermis with split-thickness skin graft and full-thickness skin graft for reconstruction of joint-involved burn wounds: A retrospective review from a tertiary burn centre.

We aimed to compare the scar quality and recovery rate of joint activity for patients with joint-involved burn injuries receiving either artificial dermis (AD) with split-thickness skin graft (STSG) or full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) for reconstruction. The primary outcomes were %skin graft (SG) take. Secondary outcomes included complications such as the infection rate and donor site morbidity, 12-month scar quality evaluated using the Vancouver scar scale (VSS), recovery rate of joint activity and incidence of scar contracture requiring further revision.

Expanding access to maggot containment dressings through redesign and innovation.

There are two major styles of maggot debridement dressings: (1) confinement dressings that form a cage around the wound, and (2) containment dressings that completely surround the maggots within a sealed porous bag. For producers and clinicians wanting to prepare containment dressings using readily available polyester bags, it is currently difficult to seal these bags without expensive high-temperature plastic welders. This study aimed to identify simple and affordable methods for sealing maggots within polyester net bags.

Corneal first aid lens: Collagen-based hydrogels loading aFGF as contact lens for treating corneal injuries.

Severe corneal injuries can cause visual impairment even blindness. Surgically stitching or implanting biomaterials have been developed, but their implementation requires professional surgeons, failing to address the immediate need of medical treatment. The pressing challenge lies in developing multifunctional biomaterials that enable self-management of corneal injuries.

Presentation, Treatment and Outcomes of Brachial Artery Aneurysms.

Objective: Brachial artery aneurysms are rare entities that have typically been associated with trauma, infection, arterio-venous fistula creation or connective tissue disorders. These aneurysms are often asymptomatic, but they can also cause local tenderness or thrombo-embolic events. Due to the very low incidence of true brachial artery aneurysms, there are no standardized guidelines on their optimal management.

Mini Fragment and Small Fragment Screws are Comparable in Acute Syndesmotic Injury.

Ankle fractures are often accompanied by syndesmotic injuries, contributing to instability and potential long term complications. Syndesmotic injuries are traditionally fixed with either small fragment (3.5-mm diameter) or large fragment (4.

Histone Demethylase KDM6B Promotes Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla Via HES1.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach for treating articular cartilage injuries. However, enhancing the chondrogenic differentiation potential of MSCs remains a significant challenge. KDM6B, a histone demethylase that specifically removes H3K27me3 marks, is essential in controlling the maturation of chondrocytes.

Using supervised machine learning and ICD10 to identify non-accidental trauma in pediatric trauma patients in the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission dataset.

Background: Identifying non-accidental trauma (NAT) in pediatric trauma patients is challenging. We developed a machine learning model that uses demographic characteristics and ICD10 codes to detect the first diagnosis of NAT.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission (2015-2020) for patients aged 0-19 years.

Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of nebulized inhalation of hydrogen-rich water on primary blast lung injury in C57BL/6 mice.

Background: Primary blast lung injury is a common and severe consequence of explosion events, characterized by immediate and delayed effects such as apnea and rapid shallow breathing. The overpressure generated by blasts leads to alveolar and capillary damage, resulting in ventilation-perfusion mismatch and increased intrapulmonary shunting. This reduces the effective gas exchange area, causing hypoxemia and hypercapnia.

Hospital admission of older patients with mild traumatic brain injury and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage: is it always necessary?

Background And Importance: Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (tICH) after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is not uncommon in the elderly. Often, these patients are admitted to the hospital for observation. The necessity of admission in the absence of clinically important intracranial injuries is however unclear.

CPR related injuries of the chest wall: direct and indirect fractures.

Background: Rib and sternum fractures are common injuries associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The fracture mechanism is either direct by application of force on sternum and anterior ribs or indirect by bending through compression of the thorax. The aim of this study was to determine morphologies of rib fractures after CPR and to reevaluate prior findings on fracture localisation, type and degree of dislocation.

A Review of Falls And Injuries Of Nursing Home Residents Presenting To The Emergency Department.

Background: Falls are frequently reported within the HSE. The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing(TILDA) found that 40% of over 50 s experience a fall in a two year period, with 20% requiring hospital attendance (1). It has been estimated that the cost of injuries related to falls in older people will increase exponentially over the coming years (2).

Effects of recombinant human growth hormone injection combined with Anastrozole on height and growth rate of adolescent idiopathic short stature and evaluation of adverse reactions.

Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) injections combined with Anastrozole are increasingly used to treat adolescent idiopathic short stature (ISS), warranting further research. This study evaluated their effects on height, growth rate and adverse reactions in 72 adolescents with ISS treated at our hospital from December 2021 to December 2022. Patients were divided into a control group (rhGH alone) and a study group (rhGH + Anastrozole).

Quantifying the portrayal of alcohol-related A&E attendances and prevention in the British medical documentary series '24 hours in A&E'.

Background: Alcohol misuse is linked to numerous health and socioeconomic harms. Edutainment and docutainment television programmes can act as health promotion tools, influencing health perceptions and behaviours. Inaccurate portrayals can engender misinformation.

[Homer 1a overexpression alleviates nerve injury in mice with traumatic brain injury by regulating autophagy mediated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway].

Objective To investigate the effects and molecular mechanism of Homer protein homolog 1a (Homer 1a) overexpression on nerve injury in mice with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: sham group, TBI group, empty lentivirus (Lv-NC) group, Homer 1a overexpression lentivirus (Lv-Homer 1a) group and Lv-Homer 1a + 740 Y-P group, with 12 mice in each group. The lentivirus was orthotopic injected into the cerebral cortex of mice 5 d before modeling, while 740 Y-P was injected intraperitoneally 1 d before modeling.