The temporal effect of emotional distress on psychological and physical functioning in endometriosis: A 12-month prospective study.

Psychological factors of emotional distress and cognition have an important role in the understanding and management of endometriosis; however, their temporal relationship with key pain variables is not fully understood. This exploratory study sought to establish the temporal relationship between psychological and pain-related factors in a 12-month prospective study of 208 Australian women with endometriosis. Participants, aged 18-50 years and living in Australia, were recruited via social media and completed baseline (May 2019) and 12-month follow-up (June 2020) surveys.

Serum levels of carnosine may be associated with the duration of MDD episodes.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurrent disorder that incurs a high societal burden. However, the etiology of MDD remains unclear. The functioning of several systems associated with the etiopathogenesis of MDD, such as inflammatory and stress systems, is partially modulated by the dipeptide carnosine.

The Power of Advocacy: Advancing Vision for Everyone to Meet the Sustainable Development Goals.

Advocacy is instrumental to achieving significant policy change for vision. Global advocacy efforts over the past decades enabled recognition of vision as a major public health, human rights, and development issue. The United Nations General Assembly adopted its first-ever Resolution on vision: "Vision for Everyone-Accelerating Action to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)" on 23 July 2021.

A scoping review of COVID-19 online mis/disinformation in Black communities.

Background: Mis/disinformation has reached an epidemic level with the COVID-19 virus and can be largely attributed to the growing digitalization of information and its rapid transmission via social media. Approximately 96% of Canadians and 80% of Americans report encountering COVID-19 dis/misinformation on at least one social media site/app. COVID-19 dis/misinformation promotes scepticism and a lack of confidence in COVID-19 interventions.

Musculoskeletal Deficits and Cognitive Impairment: Epidemiological Evidence and Biological Mechanisms.

Purpose Of Review: Cognitive impairment is associated with obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. However, no critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between musculoskeletal deficits and cognitive impairment, focusing on the epidemiological evidence and biological mechanisms, has been published to date. Herein, we critically evaluate the literature published over the past 3 years, emphasizing interesting and important new findings, and provide an outline of future directions that will improve our understanding of the connections between the brain and the musculoskeletal system.

On the Discursive Construction of Social Entrepreneurship in Pitch Situations: The Intertextual Reproduction of Business and Social Discourse by Presenters and Their Audience.

This study explores the discourse of social entrepreneurs and their audiences in pitch situations. Adopting a practice perspective on social entrepreneurship, we videotaped 49 pitches by social entrepreneurs at five different events in two incubators in Germany and Switzerland. Our analysis of the start-ups' pitches and the audience's questions and comments as well as of interview data elucidates the nuances of social and business discourse that social entrepreneurs and their audiences draw upon.

Abnormal Trabecular Bone Score, Lower Bone Mineral Density and Lean Mass in Young Women With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Are Prevented by Oestrogen Replacement.

Background: Low bone density (BMD) and fractures commonly affect women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, bone microarchitecture and body composition data are lacking.

Objective: To assess and characterise musculoskeletal phenotype and effects of oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in women with POI.

Trends and Predictors of Cardiac Rehabilitation Referral Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective, Multi-Site Study of 41,739 Patients From the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry (2017-2020).

Background: Following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is essential for secondary prevention. However uptake of CR is suboptimal, despite strong evidence demonstrating benefits. The aim of this study was to identify contemporary trends and predictors of CR referral of PCI patients in Victoria.

Update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX: a systematic review of potential cohorts and analysis plan.

Unlabelled: We describe the collection of cohorts together with the analysis plan for an update of the fracture risk prediction tool FRAX with respect to current and novel risk factors. The resource comprises 2,138,428 participants with a follow-up of approximately 20 million person-years and 116,117 documented incident major osteoporotic fractures.

Introduction: The availability of the fracture risk assessment tool FRAX® has substantially enhanced the targeting of treatment to those at high risk of fracture with FRAX now incorporated into more than 100 clinical osteoporosis guidelines worldwide.

How Well Do Low Population-Specific Values for Muscle Parameters Associate with Indices of Poor Physical Health? Cross-Sectional Data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.

We aimed to examine associations between skeletal muscle deficits and indices of poor health. Cut-points for skeletal muscle deficits were derived using data from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study and definitions from the revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. Participants ( = 665; 323 women) aged 60-96 year had handgrip strength measured by dynamometry and appendicular lean mass by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a global health concern, and with no present cure, prevention is critical. Exposure to adverse childhood experiences may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize the evidence on the associations between adverse childhood experiences (<18 years) and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in adulthood.

Psychological safety in elite sport settings: a psychometric study of the Sport Psychological Safety Inventory.

Objectives: Effectively supporting the mental health of elite athletes and coaches requires validated tools that assess not only individual-level factors but organisational-level influences. The aim of this study was to develop a bespoke scale assessing perceived psychological safety within high-performance environments.

Methods: 337 elite athletes (=24.

Historical Context of Cardiac Rehabilitation: Learning From the Past to Move to the Future.

Contemporary myocardial infarction (MI) care and management has evolved dramatically since the 1950's; yet outpatient rehabilitation remains underutilized. Deepening our understanding of the origins and history of cardiac rehabilitation highlights a contemporary shift required for policy and practice related to secondary prevention of coronary disease in light of societal changes as well as medical, digital and surgical advancements. Contemporary "cardiac rehabilitation" began when bed rest and physical inactivity was recommended and commonplace for MI survivors.

An Evidence-Based Perspective on The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Objective: To rebut the claims made in an opinion piece by Anaf and colleagues regarding the recommendations for psychotherapy within the 2020 RANZCP Mood Disorders Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG).

Conclusions: The CPG attaches importance to psychological interventions and recommends their administration as first-line in the treatment of depression. The concerns raised by Anaf and colleagues have no basis and are readily dismissed by referring to the guidelines.

Changes in body composition in the year following critical illness: A case-control study.

Purpose: To measure changes in dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) derived body composition in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survivors in the year following discharge and compare to population controls.

Materials And Methods: Using prospective observational data changes in hip and spine DXA estimated lean and fat mass between ICU discharge and 1-year follow-up were calculated and compared with age-sex-height matched controls from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study via multivariable linear regression.

Results: Sixty-four participants were included, with median age 68.

Optimal Design of Clinical Trials of Dietary Interventions in Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction.

There is accumulating evidence for the fundamental role of diet in the integrated care of disorders of gut-brain interaction. Food is a complex mixture of components with individual, synergistic, and antagonistic effects, compared with the relative purity of a pharmaceutical. Food is also an inherent part of individuals' daily lives, and food choice is strongly tied to food preferences, personal beliefs, cultural and religious practices, and economic status, which can influence its ability to function as a therapeutic intervention.

Equipping Physical Activity Leaders to Facilitate Behaviour Change: An Overview, Call to Action, and Roadmap for Future Research.

Addressing high and stagnant physical inactivity rates remains a pervasive challenge for researchers, and a priority for health organisations, governments, and physical activity practitioners. Leaders are a prevailing feature of numerous physical activity contexts and can fundamentally influence people's physical activity behaviours and experiences. In line with this, fitness companies and organisations commonly claim that the leaders of their classes, groups, or sessions will motivate, inspire, and ensure exercisers achieve their goals.

Planning and designing a self-compassion intervention for family carers of people living with dementia: a person-based and co-design approach.

Background: This article describes the research activities undertaken to plan and design a self-compassion intervention for family carers of people living with dementia using a person-based and co-design approach. In providing this example, our aim is two-fold: to highlight the value of using qualitative research and co-design processes within intervention development; and to showcase systematic reporting of an intervention's early planning and design stages.

Methods: A person-based and co-design approach informed the planning and design of the self-compassion intervention.