Long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet improves postprandial lipemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Cordioprev randomized trial.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an elevated postprandial lipemia (PPL) that has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk.

Objective: We aimed to analyze whether the long-term consumption of 2 healthy dietary patterns is associated with an improvement in PPL and remnant cholesterol (RC) concentrations in patients with T2D.

Design: We selected patients from the Cordioprev study who underwent oral fat load tests (FLTs) at baseline and the 3-y follow-up (241 patients with and 316 patients without T2D).

Scoping Review on Use of Drugs Targeting Interleukin 1 Pathway in DIRA and DITRA.

Introduction: Deficiencies in interleukin (IL)-1 receptor (IL-R) antagonist (DIRA) and IL-36R antagonist (DITRA) are rare genetic autoinflammatory diseases related to alterations in antagonists of the IL-1 pathway. IL-1 antagonists may represent therapeutic alternatives. Here, we aim to provide a scoping review of knowledge on use of IL-1-targeting drugs in DIRA and DITRA.

Domain-specific associations between disability and depression, anxiety, and somatization in primary care patients.

This study explores the associations between different disability domains and the most prevalent symptoms of mental disorders in primary care patients (i.e. depression, anxiety, and somatization).

Low Intake of Vitamin E Accelerates Cellular Aging in Patients With Established Cardiovascular Disease: The CORDIOPREV Study.

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is a biomarker of cellular aging that can be decelerated by diet. We aimed to investigate the effect of dietary intake of vitamin E on biomarkers of cellular senescence in patients with established cardiovascular disease. To this end, DNA from 1,002 participants of the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) was isolated and LTL was measured by real-time PCR.

Differential effects of restrictive and malabsorptive bariatric surgery procedures on the serum lipidome in obese subjects.

Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective treatment for severe obesity. Our group and others have previously reported that the type of BS (restrictive vs malabsorptive) can lead to different effects on the lipid profile and glucose homeostasis in morbidly obese patients. Furthermore, BS exerts significant changes in lipid metabolism, which are not yet fully understood and that might be dependent of surgical technique.

Predictors of outcome in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Purpose: There are few data in the literature regarding sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (E). The aim of this study was to assess predictors of outcome in septic patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by ESBL-E.

Methods: Patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and BSI due to ESBL-E were selected from the INCREMENT database.

Relationships between abstract features and methodological quality explained variations of social media activity derived from systematic reviews about psoriasis interventions.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the relationship among abstract structure, readability, and completeness, and how these features may influence social media activity and bibliometric results, considering systematic reviews (SRs) about interventions in psoriasis classified by methodological quality.

Study Design And Setting: Systematic literature searches about psoriasis interventions were undertaken on relevant databases. For each review, methodological quality was evaluated using the assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews tool.

Analysis of spontaneous resolution of cytomegalovirus replication after transplantation in CMV-seropositive patients with pretransplant CD8+IFNG+ response.

This prospective study evaluates whether CMV-seropositive (R+) transplant patients with pretransplant CD8+IFNG+ T-cell response to cytomegalovirus (CMV) (CD8+IFNG+ response) can spontaneously clear the CMV viral load without requiring treatment. A total of 104 transplant patients (kidney/liver) with pretransplant CD8+IFNG+ response were evaluable. This response was determined using QuantiFERON-CMV assay.

Coronary computed tomographic angiography findings and their therapeutic implications in asymptomatic patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Lessons from the SAFEHEART study.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) confers an increased risk of premature atherosclerotic disease. Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) can assess preclinical coronary atherosclerosis.

Objectives: To describe coronary CTA findings in asymptomatic molecularly defined FH individuals, to identify those factors related to its presence and extension, and to assess the impact of these results in patients' care and estimated risk.

Lack of evidence of association between IFNG and IL28B polymorphisms and QuantiFERON-CMV test results in seropositive transplant patients.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the IFNG +874 T/A and IL28B (rs12979860) C/T polymorphisms and the secretion of IFNG by CD8+ T cells after stimulation with cytomegalovirus (CMV) peptides, measured using QuantiFERON-CMV (QF-CMV) assay. A total of 184 CMV-seropositive solid organ transplant patients (108 kidney, 68 liver and 8 lung) were recruited. Of them, 151 patients were QF-CMV Reactive (IFNG ≥ 0.

Evaluating characteristics of PROSPERO records as predictors of eventual publication of non-Cochrane systematic reviews: a meta-epidemiological study protocol.

Background: Epidemiology and the reporting characteristics of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) are well known. However, no study has analyzed the influence of protocol features on the probability that a study's results will be finally reported, thereby indirectly assessing the reporting bias of International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration records.

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore which factors are associated with a higher probability that results derived from a non-Cochrane PROSPERO registration record for a systematic review will be finally reported as an original article in a scientific journal.

Factor structure and measurement invariance across various demographic groups and over time for the PHQ-9 in primary care patients in Spain.

The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a widely-used screening tool for depression in primary care settings. The purpose of the present study is to identify the factor structure of the PHQ-9 and to examine the measurement invariance of this instrument across different sociodemographic groups and over time in a sample of primary care patients in Spain. Data came from 836 primary care patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (PsicAP study) and a subsample of 218 patients who participated in a follow-up assessment at 3 months.

Coenzyme Q: From bench to clinic in aging diseases, a translational review.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a ubiquitous molecule present in all eukaryotic organisms whose principal role in the cell is related to its participation in the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane. CoQ plays a major role in the control of cell redox status, and both the amount and functionality of this molecule have been related to the regulation of reactive oxygen species generation. Numerous reports can be found discussing the implications of CoQ supplementation in human studies and clinical trials related to aging.

Pleural effusions in acute decompensated heart failure: Prevalence and prognostic implications.

Background: The incidence of pleural effusions (PEs) in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is not well established. We aimed to determine their prevalence, clinical characteristics and prognostic implications.

Methods: Retrospective review of 3245 consecutive patients with ADHF from the Spanish RICA Registry.

Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America.

The Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America clinical practice guideline is intended to guide clinicians caring for solid-organ transplant (SOT) donors, candidates and recipients regarding infectious diseases (ID) issues related to this geographical region, mostly located in the tropics. These recommendations are based on both systematic reviews of relevant literature and expert opinion from both transplant ID and travel medicine specialists. The guidelines provide recommendations for risk evaluation and laboratory investigation, as well as management and prevention of infection of the most relevant endemic diseases of Latin America.

The differential impact of scientific quality, bibliometric factors, and social media activity on the influence of systematic reviews and meta-analyses about psoriasis.

Researchers are increasingly using on line social networks to promote their work. Some authors have suggested that measuring social media activity can predict the impact of a primary study (i.e.

Dyslipidaemia in the elderly: to treat or not to treat?

The elderly population (i.e. aged ≥ 65 years) is increasing worldwide.

Abstract analysis method facilitates filtering low-methodological quality and high-bias risk systematic reviews on psoriasis interventions.

Background: Article summaries' information and structure may influence researchers/clinicians' decisions to conduct deeper full-text analyses. Specifically, abstracts of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MA) should provide structured summaries for quick assessment. This study explored a method for determining the methodological quality and bias risk of full-text reviews using abstract information alone.

Mediterranean diet improves endothelial function in patients with diabetes and prediabetes: A report from the CORDIOPREV study.

Background And Aims: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a key role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Likewise, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major CVD risk factor. Therefore, our objective was to explore whether long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) rich in olive oil or a low-fat diet (LF diet) was associated with an improvement in ED and whether the potential benefits were similar in patients with or without T2D in the CORDIOPREV clinical trial (NCT00924937).

Different response to hypoxia of adipose-derived multipotent cells from obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome.

Background/objectives: Multiple studies suggest that hypoxia, together with inflammation, could be one of the phenomena involved in the onset and progression of obesity-related insulin resistance. In addition, dysfunction of adipose tissue in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome is associated with decreased angiogenesis. However, some subjects with a high body mass index do not develop metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity.

Risks of Infection and Mortality Among Patients Colonized With Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase-Producing K. pneumoniae: Validation of Scores and Proposal for Management.

Background: The management and indication of empiric treatment in Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-Kp)-colonized patients should be improved.

Methods: A prospective cohort of 94 patients colonized by KPC-Kp was followed for 90 days to validate (i) the Giannella risk score (GRS) to predict the development of any type of KPC-Kp infection and (ii) the INCREMENT-CPE score (ICS) to predict 30-day mortality in patients with infection.

New Approach to Guide Target Prostate Biopsy: Technique and Initial Experience.

Objective: To describe the technique of transrectal biopsy with a new device that fuses multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) and ultrasound images in real time to guide target biopsies and to evaluate our initial experience.

Methods: Patients with persistent suspicion of prostate cancer despite a previous negative biopsy and who had an mpMRI before the biopsy were selected. All patients underwent target biopsy plus standard systematic biopsy.

Is Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Indeed the Hepatic Manifestation of Metabolic Syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of central obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. MetS frequently co-exists with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver in the absence of alcohol abuse, viral hepatitis and other causes of chronic liver diseases. Both MetS and NAFLD are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.