Free-breathing multi-parametric SASHA (mSASHA) mapping provides reliable non-contrast myocardial characterization in a pediatric and adult congenital population.

Parametric mapping has become a standard of care technique for the non-invasive assessment of myocardial edema and fibrosis. Conventional MOLLI-based T1 mapping is susceptible to many confounding effects particularly in the pediatric population. The requirement for compliant breath holds is a major limitation for younger or more ill patients.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 exacerbates acute pancreatitis progression by enhancing ATF4-mediated autophagy.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease with high incidence rate and mortality. It was confirmed that overactivation of autophagy in acinar cells can increase the risk of AP. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism of autophagy in AP is unclear.

Description of STRIVE-ON Study Protocol: Safety and Tolerability of GTX-104 (Nimodipine Injection for IV Infusion) Compared with Oral Nimodipine in Patients Hospitalized for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH): A Prospective, Randomized, Phase III Trial (STRIVE-ON).

Oral nimodipine is the only drug approved in North America for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, bioavailability is variable and frequently poor, leading to fluctuations in peak plasma concentrations that cause dose-limiting hypotension. Furthermore, administration is problematic in patients who cannot swallow.

Association of BCHE gene SNP rs1803274 (K-variant) and rs3495 with obesity in Pakistani population group.

Background: Obesity plays a crucial role in the development of metabolic disorders including diabetes, coronary and renal diseases. There are several factors involved in the pathology of obesity, including chronic inflammation and exposure to environmental contaminants. Recently, the cholinergic co-hydrolyzing enzyme BChE has been associated with clinical conditions such as diabetes and obesity.

Ginsenoside Rd protects against acute liver injury by regulating the autophagy NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Ginsenoside Rd (Rd) is a bioactive compound predominantly found in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.

Functional innovation through new genes as a general evolutionary process.

In the past decade, our understanding of how new genes originate in diverse organisms has advanced substantially, and more than a dozen molecular mechanisms for generating initial gene structures were identified, in addition to gene duplication. These new genes have been found to integrate into and modify pre-existing gene networks primarily through mutation and selection, revealing new patterns and rules with stable origination rates across various organisms. This progress has challenged the prevailing belief that new proteins evolve from pre-existing genes, as new genes may arise de novo from noncoding DNA sequences in many organisms, with high rates observed in flowering plants.

An integrated approach to predict genetic risk for Mosquito-Borne diseases in the local Population of Tehsil Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Highly variable response shown by individuals against mosquito-borne infections suggests that host genetic factors play an important role in determining mosquito-borne disease onset. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the genetic risk of these diseases in specific populations. The current study aimed to determine the percentage of individuals in the general population carrying mosquito-borne disease susceptibility and protection-related variants.

Naltriben promotes tumor growth by activating the TRPM7-mediated development of the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.

Macrophage plasticity is critical for maintaining immune function and developing solid tumors; however, the macrophage polarization mechanism remains incompletely understood. Our findings reveal that Mg entry through distinct plasma membrane channels is critical to macrophage plasticity. Naïve macrophages displayed a previously unidentified Mg dependent current, and TRPM7-like activity, which modulates its survival.

Clinical characteristics and predictive biomarkers of intensive care unit-acquired weakness in patients with cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical circulatory support.

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is recognized as newly-acquired bilateral muscle weakness, which is a complication of critical illness in the ICU; however, there are no reports on the pathogenesis and early predictors of ICU-AW specifically associated with cardiogenic shock (CS). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of ICU-AW in patients with CS requiring mechanical circulatory support (MCS). This study was a single-center, prospective, and observational study.

Comparative analysis of salivary cytokine profiles in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with cancer and healthy children.

Salivary cytokines have the potential to serve as biomarkers for evaluating cancer progression and treatment response in specific cancer types. This study explored salivary cytokine profiles in pediatric cancer patients and healthy controls, examining changes during chemotherapy. We conducted a prospective study involving newly diagnosed cancer patients and healthy controls under 19 years old.

Water-mediated ion transport in an anion exchange membrane.

Water is a critical component in polyelectrolyte anion exchange membranes (AEMs). It plays a central role in ion transport in electrochemical systems. Gaining a better understanding of molecular transport and conductivity in AEMs has been challenged by the lack of a general methodology capable of capturing and connecting water dynamics, water structure, and ionic transport over time and length scales ranging from those associated with individual bond vibrations and molecular reorientations to those pertaining to macroscopic AEM performance.

Dynamic omniphobic surfaces enable the stable dropwise condensation of completely wetting refrigerants.

Condensation is a vital process integral to numerous industrial applications. Enhancing condensation efficiency through dropwise condensation on hydrophobic surfaces is well-documented. However, no surfaces have been able to repel liquids with extremely low surface tension, such as fluorinated solvents, during condensation, as they nucleate and completely wet even the most hydrophobic interfaces.

Interleukin-17: A pleiotropic cytokine implicated in inflammatory, infectious, and malignant disorders.

IL-17A, referred to as IL-17, is the founding member of a family of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E (or IL-25), and IL-17F, which act via receptors IL-17RA to IL-17RE, and elicit potent cellular responses that impact diverse diseases. IL-17's interactions with various cytokines include forming a heterodimer with IL-17F and being stimulated by IL-23's activation of Th17 cells, which can lead to inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-17 is implicated in infectious diseases and inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, promoting neutrophil recruitment and anti-bacterial immunity, but potentially exacerbating fungal and viral infections, revealing its dual role as protective and pathologic.

A simple model for the analysis of epidemics based on hospitalization data.

An epidemiological model with a minimal number of parameters is introduced and its structural and practical identifiabity is investigated both analytically and numerically. The model is useful when a high percentage of unreported cases is suspected, hence only hospitalization data are used to fit the model parameters and calculate the basic reproductive number R and the effective reproductive number R. As a case study, the model is used to study the initial surge and the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Belgium.

Carbon quantum dots amplify beneficial effects of EGCG against neural injuries by NLRP3 inflammasome after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Neuroinflammation plays an indispensable role in neural damages after ICH, responsible for the induced high mortality and poor prognosis. NLRP3 inflammasome, which is known mediated by ROS, has been widely documented to aggravate brain injuries. Therefore, suppressing neural injuries by ROS/NLRP3 pathway may be beneficial in treating ICH.

Effects of Electroacupuncture Per-Conditioning at Huantiao on Motor Function Recovery in Acute Cerebral Ischemia Mice.

Background: Continuous electroacupuncture pre-conditioning (EPRC) and post-conditioning (EPOC) effectively improve motor dysfunction after acute cerebral ischemia, but they require multiple treatments. Recently, electroacupuncture per-conditioning (EPEC) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects, indicating that this single-session intervention has short-term efficacy.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of EPEC at Huantiao (GB30) on motor recovery in acute cerebral ischemia mice.

Sexual identity, sexual behavior, and drug use behaviors among people who use drugs in the rural U.S.

Introduction: People who use drugs (PWUD) are at risk of HIV infection, but the frequency and distribution of transmission-associated behaviors within rural communities is not well understood. Further, while interventions designed to more explicitly affirm individuals' sexual orientation and behaviors may be more effective, descriptions of behavior variability by orientation are lacking. We sought to describe how disease transmission behaviors and overdose risk vary by sexual orientation and activity among rural PWUD.

What are the levels and interactions of neuroligin-1, neuroligin-3, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social interaction, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. Several genes, including synaptic proteins and environmental risk factors, play a role in the etiology of autism. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between neuroligin-1 (NLGN-1) and neuroligin-3 (NLGN-3) levels, which are neuronal cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-8) levels with disease severity and symptom clusters and with each other in children with ASD.

Novel compound heterozygous CYP17A1 mutations identified in a family with two siblings affected by 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency.

Background: 17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene. It typically manifests clinically as variable degree of hypertension, hypokalemia, and disorders of sexual development (DSD), which can include abnormal sexual differentiation in males and sexual infantilism in females. Over 100 mutations in CYP17A1 have been identified, with most cases involving missense mutations or small deletions.

Mangiferin Protects Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against DNA Damage and Cellular Aging via SIRT1 Activation.

The protective effects of mangiferin (MAG) against etoposide- and high glucose (HG)-induced DNA damage and aging were investigated in human bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Etoposide, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, was used to induce double-strand breaks (DSBs) in hBM-MSCs, resulting in increased genotoxicity, elevated levels of the DNA damage sensor ATM and CDKN1A, and decreased levels of the aging markers H3 and H4. MAG activated AMPK and SIRT1, thus protecting against DSB-induced damage.

Prognostic significance of cytokine dysregulation in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Understanding the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 has yielded valuable insights into predicting adverse outcomes-particularly mortality. However, significant gaps persist in our comprehension of the complex interplay among the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms. Here, we aim to investigate the immunological factors associated with mortality in critically ill, unvaccinated COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

TGF-beta plays dual roles in immunity and pathogenesis in leishmaniasis.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), displaying a dual role in immunosuppression and pathogenesis, has emerged as a key regulator of anti-leishmanial immune responses. In Leishmania infections, TGF-β drives immune deviation by enhancing regulatory T-cell (T-reg) differentiation and inhibiting macrophage activation, suppressing critical antiparasitic responses. This cytokine simultaneously promotes fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and fibrosis in infected tissues, which aids in wound healing but impedes immune cell infiltration, particularly in visceral leishmaniasis, where splenic disorganization and compromised immune access are notable.

FIGG at 5: An update on U.S. public perspectives on forensic investigative genetic genealogy five years after its introduction to criminal investigations.

In 2018, after law enforcement announced it had used a technique called forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) to identify the Golden State Killer, we conducted a U.S. general population survey and found most respondents supported using FIGG to solve violent crimes.

Design, Synthesis, and biological evaluation of 7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potent HPK1 kinase inhibitors.

Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) has emerged as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy due to its critical role as a negative regulator of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Despite this potential, no HPK1 inhibitors have been approved for cancer treatment, underscoring the need for structurally novel inhibitors. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of potent HPK1 inhibitors based on our previously identified hit 9.

Utilizing simulation-enhanced interprofessional education to identify differences in healthcare students' collaborative practice behaviors: A mixed method study.

Background: Teaching collaborative practice behaviors (CPBs) to interprofessional healthcare students could improve healthcare for underserved populations.

Objective: This study explained the impact of Simulation Enhanced Interprofessional Education (SIM-IPE) on healthcare students' self-reported CPBs and their perceptions of utilizing CPBs when caring for underserved populations, as well as the differences among professions within interprofessional teams.

Design: Mixed methods explanatory design.