[Mechanism of inflammatory microecological response to TAS2R14/SIgA/TSLP in regulating epithelial cell barrier in cold asthma rats through lung-gut axis by using Shegan Mahuang Decoction and bitter and purging Chinese herbs].

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Shegan Mahuang Decoction(SGMH) and its bitter Chinese herbs(BCHs) regulated the lung-gut axis through the bitter taste receptor 14(TAS2R14)/secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)/thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP) to intervene in the epithelial cell barrier of cold asthma rats. Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into the following five groups: normal group, model group, dexamethasone group, SGMH group, and BCHs group. A 10% ovalbumin(OVA) solution was used to sensitize the rats via subcutaneous injection on both sides of the abdomen and groin, combined with 2% OVA atomization and cold(2-4 ℃) stimulation to induce a cold asthma model in rats.

Slow Down Fluids to Speed Up the Intestine - Exploring Postoperative Ileus in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Surgery.

Introduction: Postoperative ileus is a known complication of gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. In adult populations, ileus is associated with higher amounts of intraoperative intravenous (IV) fluids. This study examines the relationship between intraoperative IV fluids and postoperative ileus in pediatric patients undergoing GI surgery.

A Method for Imaging the Ischemic Penumbra with MRI using IVIM.

Background And Purpose: In acute ischemic stroke, the amount of "local" CBF distal to the occlusion, i.e. all blood flow within a region whether supplied antegrade or delayed and dispersed through the collateral network, may contain valuable information regarding infarct growth rate and treatment response.

Peritumoral Hyperintense Signal on Post-contrast FLAIR Images Surrounding Vestibular Schwannomas Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background And Purpose: Prior investigations have noted the presence of peritumoral hyperintense signal (a "halo") around vestibular schwannomas on postcontrast 3D T2 FLAIR images. This study evaluated this phenomenon in a cohort of patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was completed of consecutive patients with presumed vestibular schwannomas undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery.

Gender Differences in the Socioecological Contexts of Veterans Seeking Mental Health Services Following Military Sexual Trauma.

Military sexual trauma (MST) refers to sexual assault or harassment experienced during military service. Given the high prevalence of MST and negative mental and physical health outcomes that result from MST, Veterans Health Administration has identified a national priority for screening and treatment. An understanding of socioecological contexts of Veterans who seek mental health treatment to address difficulties following MST will support a holistic approach to care.

Specnuezhenide: Comprehensive review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and ethnomedicinal uses.

Background: Specnuezhenide (SPN) is a bioactive iridoid terpenoid compound mainly found in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF), that has a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-neoplastic, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory properties.

Purpose: The present review provides a comprehensive summary of natural medicinal plants, traditional Chinese medicine compounds containing SPN, and their corresponding pharmacological mechanisms.

Methods: Using several globally recognized databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Springer, and CNKI until December 2024, A comprehensive literature search and analysis was carried out with the keywords "Specnuezhenide", " Pharmacology ", "Pharmacokinetics" and " Chinese herbal compound".

Cepharanthine relieves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through inhibiting STAT1/CXCL10 axis-mediated lipogenesis and inflammatory responses.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Stephania rotunda Lour., a medicinal herb, has been utilized in both Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Traditional Indian Medicine to treat conditions such as fever, dysentery, and inflammation. Cepharanthine (CEP), a primary active ingredient of Stephania rotunda Lour.

Subacute Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Stress-Exposed Mice: Role of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi Leaf Lectin (SteLL).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anxiety and depression are leading causes of disability worldwide, often exacerbated by chronic stress. Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi. has been used in traditional medicine for several purposes.

Differential reductions in alcohol consumption and cue-induced alcohol-seeking behavior following mGlu5 receptor inhibition in the prelimbic vs. infralimbic subregions of the rat prefrontal cortex.

Glutamatergic signaling is one of the primary targets of actions of alcohol in the brain, and dysregulated excitatory transmission in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may contribute problematic drinking and relapse. A prominent component of glutamate signaling is the type 5 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu5) receptor. However, little is known about the role of this receptor type in subregions of the PFC that regulate either alcohol intake or alcohol-seeking behavior.

Maternal Supplementation of Dietary Choline and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Gestational Nutrition Restriction Alters Hepatic mRNA and miRNA Expression Patterns in Full-Term Fetal Pigs.

Background: Supplementing choline and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to pregnant gilts modified fetal pig hepatic global DNA methylation induced by gestational malnutrition, suggesting that gene expression and regulation and its associated metabolic pathways are affected in the liver of offspring during growth and development.

Objective: To investigate the effect of maternal supplementation of choline, DHA and their interaction on hepatic mRNA expression, miRNA regulation and metabolic pathways in the fetal pigs born to malnourished mothers.

Methods: The abundance of mRNA and miRNA was profiled in fetal liver from sows with undernutrition supplemented with choline and DHA in a 2 × 2 factorial design.

Secondary bile acid derivatives are contributors to the fecal bile acid pool and associated with bile acid modulating nutrients.

Objective: Accumulation of hydrophobic bile acids is linked with cancer development. However, derivatives of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) produced via bacterial metabolism may mitigate the proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of hydrophobic bile acids. The impact of diet on secondary bile acid (BA) derivative production has not been determined.

Results from a phase 1b study of telisotuzumab vedotin in combination with osimertinib in patients with c-Met protein-overexpressing, EGFR-mutated locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after progression on prior osimertinib.

Background: Osimertinib is the standard first-line treatment for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC. However, treatment resistance is inevitable and increased c-Met protein expression correlates with resistance. Telisotuzumab vedotin (Teliso-V) is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets c-Met protein overexpression.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN606 induces inflammation by activating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the major pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and its pathogenic mechanism is not fully understood. Inflammatory response is the most basic and common pathological phenomenon of CAP, but the specific mechanism needs further investigation.

SOX11 Silence Inhibits Atherosclerosis Progression in ApoE-Deficient Mice by Alleviating Endothelial Dysfunction.

SRY-Box Transcription Factor-11 (SOX11) is a transcriptional regulatory factor that plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses. However, its involvement in atherosclerosis (AS), a cardiovascular disease driven by endothelial cell inflammation, remains unknown. This study aims to elucidate the role of SOX11 in AS.

Worldwide Policy, Surveillance, and Research on Physical Education and School-Based Physical Activity: The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) Conceptual Framework and Research Protocol.

Introduction: The Global Observatory for Physical Education (GoPE!) builds on the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) to address gaps in surveillance, policy, and research on physical education (PE) and activity (PA). GoPE! is a worldwide surveillance system of quality PE and school-based PA that informs policy and interventions and allows comparative analysis so that each country and region can check their status and progress. This paper presents GoPE!'s conceptual framework and describes the research protocol as a cross-continental and evidence-based surveillance system.

Inhibition of NETs prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by attenuating IL-18-IFN-γ-Cx43 axis induced cardiac conduction abnormalities.

Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is one of the most severe side effects of doxorubicin, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Our results showed that Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) accumulated in plasma and cardiac tissue after doxorubicin treatment. The inhibition of NETs formation by Pad4 gene ablation significantly attenuated doxorubicin-induced arrhythmia, prolonged survival time and reduced the levels of Troponin T (cTnT) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) in mice.

Intravitreal Sustained Release Steroid Implants Are Safe and Effective in Patients With Glaucoma Drainage Devices.

Purpose: To describe effects of sustained-release steroid delivery devices on intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with glaucoma drainage devices (GDD).

Methods: Retrospective case series of eyes with steroid implants (dexamethasone or fluocinolone acetonide) and prior GDD (Ahmed, Baerveldt) without uveitis. Outcomes included IOP, IOP rise, central foveal thickness (CFT), and IOP medications.

Call to Improve Coding of Cancer-Associated Cachexia.

Cachexia is a systemic wasting syndrome prevalent in patients with cancer that significantly affects quality of life, health care costs, and therapeutic outcomes. Despite its clinical importance, cachexia is rarely formally diagnosed. This deficiency presents a challenge for effective patient management and care, health care resource allocation, and the advancement of therapeutic approaches.

Tenecteplase for the Treatment of Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke: A Safety Surveillance Report.

Objectives: Intravenous tenecteplase (TNK) is increasingly used to treat adult patients with acute arterial ischemic stroke, but the risk profile of TNK in childhood stroke is unknown. This study aims to prospectively gather safety data regarding TNK administration in children.

Methods: Since December 2023, a monthly email survey was sent to participants recruited from the International Pediatric Stroke Study and Pediatric Neurocritical Care Research Group querying recent experience with TNK in childhood stroke.

Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

Exercise intensity and training alter the innate immune cell type and chromosomal origins of circulating cell-free DNA in humans.

Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise. A potential source of inflammation is cell-free DNA (cfDNA), yet the cellular origins, molecular causes, and immune system interactions of exercise-induced cfDNA are unclear. To study these, 10 healthy individuals were randomized to a 12-wk exercise program of either high-intensity tactical training (HITT) or traditional moderate-intensity training (TRAD).

ODSEI Chip: An Open 3D Microfluidic Platform for Studying Tumor Spheroid-Endothelial Interactions.

Current in vitro models of 3D tumor spheroids within the microenvironment have emerged as promising tools for understanding tumor progression and potential drug responses. However, creating spheroids with functional vasculature remains challenging in a controlled and high-throughput manner. Herein, a novel open 3D-microarray platform is presented for a spheroid-endothelium interaction (ODSEI) chip, capable of arraying more than 1000 spheroids on top of the vasculature, compartmentalized for single spheroid-level analysis of drug resistance, and allows for the extraction of specific spheroids for further analysis.

TIA1-Mediated Stress Granules Promote the Neuroinflammation and Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Upregulating IL-31RA Signaling.

The dysfunction of stress granules (SGs) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, with T cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1) being a key component of SGs. However, the role and mechanism of TIA1-mediated SGs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remain unclear. In this study, upregulation of TIA1, its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and co-localization with G3BP1 (a marker of SGs) are observed in the spinal cord neurons of EAE mice.