Malignant behaviors and immune response in melanoma: Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3 as a therapeutic target based on an exploration.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3 (), a member of the IL-12 family, is known to be involved in malignant progression in a variety of cancers, but its role in melanoma is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of EBI3 on the malignant phenotype melanoma to reveal its potential as a therapeutic target.

Methods: In this study, we used bioinformatics to analyze the expression of in pan-cancer and verified its expression level in melanoma cells by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Enhancing mental health literacy and care through community-driven solutions in rural Bangladesh.

Women in rural Bangladesh encounter significant barriers to seeking mental healthcare, primarily due to stigmatization rooted in a lack of knowledge about mental health. To address this issue, community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been identified as a promising approach. CBPR involves the active collaboration of community members and stakeholders in the research process to tackle pressing community issues.

European biologic training course for type 2 inflammation by EUFOREA in 2024: key facts and lessons learned.

The European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airways diseases (EUFOREA) organized the first European Biologic Training Course (EBTC) in Brussels on 1st March 2024. The aim of this hybrid EBTC including both face-to-face and web-based participation was to address the educational needs of physicians dealing with asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) on the clinically relevant aspects of diagnosing and treatment with biologics. EUFOREA is an international non-for-profit organization forming an alliance of all stakeholders dedicated to reducing the prevalence and burden of chronic respiratory diseases through the implementation of optimal patient care via educational, research, and advocacy activities.

Pilot study characterizing a single pooled preparation of equine platelet lysate for nebulization in the horse.

Introduction: Platelet lysate (PL) demonstrates antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties offering potential for treatment of bacterial pneumonia in horses. It remains unknown whether nebulization is suitable for PL administration in horses. This pilot study characterized particle size and flow rate of pooled equine PL (single preparation) nebulized using an equine-specific nebulizer (Flexivent).

Evaluation the protective role of baicalin against HO-driven oxidation, inflammation and apoptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy farms. During the perinatal period, the bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) of High-yielding dairy cows accelerate metabolism and produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is one of the primary causes of mastitis and will lead to the breakdown of redox balance, which will induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Preventative treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex with sirolimus: Phase I safety and efficacy results.

Objective: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) results from overactivity of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Sirolimus and everolimus are mTOR inhibitors that treat most facets of TSC but are understudied in infants. We sought to understand the safety and potential efficacy of preventative sirolimus in infants with TSC.

In Situ Modulated Nickel Single Atoms on Bicontinuous Porous Carbon Fibers and Sheets Networks for Acidic CO Reduction.

Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts exhibit exceptional properties in acidic CO reduction. However, traditional carbon supports fall short in building high-site-utilization and CO-rich interfacial environments, and the structural evolution of single-atom metals and catalytic mechanisms under realistic conditions remain ambiguous. Herein, an interconnected mesoporous carbon nanofiber and carbon nanosheet network (IPCF@CS) is reported, derived from microphase-separated block copolymer, to improve catalytic efficiency of isolated Ni.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Protects Acute Lung Injury Secondary to Venom Poisoning by Regulating Th17/Treg Balance.

Background: To explore the mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) intervention on acute lung injury secondary to snake venom poisoning and provide more toxicological and clinical evidence for venom poisoning.

Methods: Male Kunming mice (n = 96) were randomly divided into four groups: the control group which was not given any interventional treatments, venom group in which each mouse was injected with venom (1 mg/kg) through the tail vein, antivenom group in which each mouse was injected with anti- venom immediately after the model was successfully established, and HBO+antivenom group in which each mouse was given HBO treatment at 1 h, 5 h, 11 h and 23 h following the injection of antivenom. Lung tissues of mice were obtained and processed for the detection of the lung coefficient, the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and IL-17, and the protein expression of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγt) and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3).

A New Perspective for Improving COPD: Ginsenoside Rg3 Links SIRT1 to Inhibit Mitochondrial Autophagy.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent yet manageable respiratory condition. However, treatments presently used normally have side effects and cannot cure COPD, making it urgent to explore effective medications. The ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties and can improve COPD.

Mechanism of Interleukin-17A Regulation of Mesenchymal Stroma/Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation.

The immune and musculoskeletal systems closely interplay in bone repair and regeneration. After bone injury, the body produces high levels of cytokines and signaling molecules to balance bone formation and resorption. Interleukin (IL)-17A, a cytokine expressed early in the inflammatory process, profoundly influences osteoprogenitor cell fate, thereby contributing to bone homeostasis.

Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Syndrome Developing in a Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Under a Long-term Ibrutinib Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) syndrome, a fatal disorder characterized by NK/T-cell deficiency, cytokine storm, and organ damage, is rare in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib, the first generation of irreversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been the first-line therapy for CLL. As an off-target effect, it can also block IL-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK), which is essential in maintaining normal NK and T-cell functions.

Renal Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumors Exhibit Distinct Genomic and Epigenomic Features and Lack Recurrent Gene Fusions: Comprehensive Molecular Analysis of a Multi-institutional Series.

Juxtaglomerular cell tumor (JxGCT) is a rare type of renal neoplasm demonstrating morphologic overlap with some mesenchymal tumors such as glomus tumor (GT) and solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Its oncogenic drivers remain elusive, and only a few cases have been analyzed with modern molecular techniques. In prior studies, loss of chromosomes 9 and 11 appeared to be recurrent.

Perioperative therapies and techniques to enhance penile dimensional and functional outcomes following inflatable penile prosthesis implantation: a contemporary 10-year systematic review.

Implantation of inflatable penile prosthesis should be considered as a definitive treatment of erectile dysfunction. However, the sole procedure might not allow for optimal dimensional and functional outcomes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature and present the findings on the optimal choice of perioperative methods, surgical techniques, and pharmacotherapy to improve penile length, curvature, and erectile function.

A feasibility randomized controlled trial of an individually delivered, peer support intervention to reduce the impact of psychosis stigma and discrimination for people with psychosis: the let's talk study.

Background: Stigma of mental health conditions hinders recovery and well-being. The Honest, Open, Proud (HOP) program shows promise in reducing stigma but there is uncertainty about the feasibility of a randomized trial to evaluate a peer-delivered, individual adaptation of HOP for psychosis (Let's Talk).

Methods: A multi-site, Prospective Randomized Open Blinded Evaluation (PROBE) design, feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the peer-delivered intervention (Let's Talk) to treatment as usual (TAU).

Pesticide exposure promotes disease activity by decreasing lymphoproliferative activity and increasing IL-4 production in systemic sclerosis patients.

Background: One of the common findings in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients has been long-term exposure to environmental toxins such as pesticides. However, the data available shows an equivocal association between pesticide exposure and autoimmunity in SSc.

Methods: We investigated the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in blood of 20 SSc patients and 17 healthy controls, and also studied their effect on T lymphocytes and their functional responses.

Combined Sequential Antiretroviral Therapy-Induced Immune Reconstitution Bone Loss and Estrogen Deficiency Bone Loss are Cumulative in Mice Models.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) causes osteoporosis and bone fractures, increasing morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLH). ART induces immune reconstitution bone loss (IRBL), an inflammatory reaction associated with immune system reactivation. Women represent >50% of PLH, and many are now undergoing menopause, a major cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis that also increases fracture risk.

SPP1+ macrophages promote head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by secreting TNF-α and IL-1β.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a very aggressive disease characterized by a heterogeneous tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the major innate immune population in the TIME where they facilitate crucial regulatory processes that participate in malignant tumor progression. SPP1 + macrophages (SPP1 + Macs) are found in many cancers, but their effects on HNSCC remain unknown.

Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia alleviates early-stage posttraumatic osteoarthritis via NF-κB/Nrf2 pathway in mice.

Background: Posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is directly associated with early acute articular cartilage injury. Inhibition of cartilage destruction immediately following joint damage can effectively slow or prevent PTOA progression. Therefore, we sought to determine intervention targets and therapeutic strategies in the acute stage of cartilage injury.

Effect of subanesthetic dose of esketamine on early postoperative depression in elderly patients with Sarcopenia.

Objective: To explore the effects of subanesthetic dose of esketamine on serum inflammatory factor levels and depressive mood in elderly patients with sarcopenia postoperatively.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 102 elderly patients who underwent elective total knee arthroplasty from April 2023 to June 2024 with skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) meeting the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia (male SMI < 42.6 cm/m, female SMI < 30.

Investigating the inflammatory mechanism of notoginsenoside R1 in Diabetic nephropathy via ITGB8 based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Background: Diabetes often causes diabetic nephropathy (DN), a serious long-term complication. It is characterized by chronic proteinuria, hypertension, and kidney function decline, can progress to end-stage renal disease, lowering patients' quality of life and lifespan. Inflammation and apoptosis are key to DN development.

Hearing modulation affects Alzheimer's disease progression linked to brain inflammation: a study in mouse models.

Background: Recent studies have identified hearing loss (HL) as a primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) onset. However, the mechanisms linking HL to AD are not fully understood. This study explored the effects of drug-induced hearing loss (DIHL) on the expression of proteins associated with AD progression in mouse models.

A novel herpesvirus in blue penguins putatively associated with myocardial degeneration and necrosis.

We identified a novel herpesvirus in 2 deceased captive blue penguins (). Moderate-to-severe myocardiocyte atrophy and necrosis, and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies (INIBs), were seen in myocardiocytes in one bird; reticuloendothelial (RE) cell INIBs and multifocal RE cell necrosis were seen in both birds. The histologic findings were suggestive of viral infection.

CD38 Coordinates with NF-κB to Promote Cochlear Inflammation in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: the Protective Effect of Apigenin.

Noise exposure is one of the most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss. Although many studies considered inflammation to be a major contributor to noise-induced hearing loss, the process of cochlear inflammation is still unclear. Studies have found that activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway results in the accumulation of macrophages in the inner ear plays an important role in hair cell damage.