Mapping quantitative trait loci regions associated with Marek's disease on chicken autosomes by means of selective DNA pooling.

Marek's Disease (MD), which can result in neurological damage and tumour formation, has large effects on the economy and animal welfare of the poultry industry worldwide. Previously, we mapped autosomal MD QTL regions (QTLRs) by individual genotyping of an F population from a full-sib advanced intercross line. We further mapped MD QTLRs on the chicken Z chromosome (GGZ) using the same F population, and by selective DNA pooling (SDP) of 8 elite egg production lines.

Computational models based on machine learning and validation for predicting ionic liquids viscosity in mixtures.

This research article presents a thorough and all-encompassing examination of predictive models utilized in the estimation of viscosity for ionic liquid solutions. The study focuses on crucial input parameters, namely the type of cation, the type of anion, the temperature (measured in Kelvin), and the concentration of the ionic liquid (expressed in mol%). This study assesses three influential machine learning algorithms that are based on the Decision Tree methodology.

Lactococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviate postmenopausal symptoms by suppressing NF-κB signaling and microbiota dysbiosis.

To understand the action mechanism of probiotics against postmenopausal symptoms, we examined the effects of Lactococcus lactis P32 (P) and Bifidobacterium bifidum P45 (P), which suppressed interleukin (IL)-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RNAKL) expression in Gardnerella vaginalis (Gv)-stimulated macrophages, on vaginitis, osteoporosis, and depression/cognitive impairment (DC) in mice with vaginally infected Gv, ovariectomy (Ov), or Ov/Gv (oG). Oral administration of P or P decreased Gv-induced DC-like behavior and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, RANK, and/or RANKL expression in the vagina, bone, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and colon, while Gv-suppressed bone osteoprotegerin and brain serotonin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels increased. They partially shifted vaginal and gut dysbiosis in Gv-infected mice to the gut microbiota composition in normal control mice.

A Multiplex High-Resolution Melting (HRM) assay to differentiate Fusarium graminearum chemotypes.

Fusarium graminearum is a primary cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and barley. The fungus produces trichothecene mycotoxins that render grain unsuitable for food, feed, or malt. Isolates of F.

Mechanisms of breast cancer treatment using Gentiana robusta: evidence from comprehensive bioinformatics investigation.

This study investigates the potential treatment of breast cancer utilizing Gentiana robusta King ex Hook. f. (QJ) through an integrated approach involving network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation.

Analysis of bulletproof performance of structurally optimized ceramic composite armor through numerical simulation and live fire test.

This work aims to address key issues in the ballistic performance of ceramic-based composite armor, particularly at the joints of spliced ​​bulletproof panels. The edge structure of C/C-SiC ceramic plates and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is redesigned to superimpose the joint areas. These structurally optimized composite pads are examined by numerical simulation of impact dynamics to understand their anti-penetration performance whose accuracy is then validated by live fire tests.

The effects of chicken hydrolyzed proteins in extruded diets on plasma and fecal metabolic profiles in adult dogs.

Research has shown various hydrolyzed proteins possessed beneficial physiological functions; however, the mechanism of how hydrolysates influence metabolism is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the effects of different sources of protein hydrolysates, being the main dietary protein source in extruded diets, on metabolism in healthy adult dogs. Three complete and balanced extruded canine diets were formulated: control chicken meal diet (CONd), chicken liver and heart hydrolysate diet (CLHd), mechanically separated chicken hydrolysate diet (CHd).

Aging-induced immune microenvironment remodeling fosters melanoma in male mice via γδ17-Neutrophil-CD8 axis.

Aging is associated with increased tumor metastasis and poor prognosis. However, how an aging immune system contributes to the process is unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that in male mice, aging shifts the lung immune microenvironment towards a premetastatic niche, characterized by an increased proportion of IL-17-expressing γδT (γδ17) and neutrophils.

Strongly coordinating mediator enables single-step resource recovery from heavy metal-organic complexes in wastewater.

Heavy metals complexed with organic ligands are among the most critical carcinogens threatening global water safety. The challenge of efficiently and cost-effectively removing and recovering these metals has long eluded existing technologies. Here, we show a strategy of coordinating mediator-based electro-reduction (CMBER) for the single-step recovery of heavy metals from wastewater contaminated with heavy metal-organic complexes.

Strontium isoscape of sub-Saharan Africa allows tracing origins of victims of the transatlantic slave trade.

Strontium isotope (Sr/Sr) analysis with reference to strontium isotope landscapes (Sr isoscapes) allows reconstructing mobility and migration in archaeology, ecology, and forensics. However, despite the vast potential of research involving Sr/Sr analysis particularly in Africa, Sr isoscapes remain unavailable for the largest parts of the continent. Here, we measure the Sr/Sr ratios in 778 environmental samples from 24 African countries and combine this data with published data to model a bioavailable Sr isoscape for sub-Saharan Africa using random forest regression.

Operando real-space imaging of a structural phase transformation in the high-voltage electrode LiNiMnO.

Discontinuous solid-solid phase transformations play a pivotal role in determining the properties of rechargeable battery electrodes. By leveraging operando Bragg Coherent Diffractive Imaging (BCDI), we investigate the discontinuous phase transformation in LiNiMnO within an operational Li metal coin cell. Throughout Li-intercalation, we directly observe the nucleation and growth of the Li-rich phase within the initially charged Li-poor phase in a 500 nm particle.

Bacteroides expand the functional versatility of a conserved transcription factor and transcribed DNA to program capsule diversity.

The genomes of human gut bacteria in the genus Bacteroides include numerous operons for biosynthesis of diverse capsular polysaccharides (CPSs). The first two genes of each CPS operon encode a locus-specific paralog of transcription elongation factor NusG (called UpxY), which enhances transcript elongation, and a UpxZ protein that inhibits noncognate UpxYs. This process, together with promoter inversions, ensures that a single CPS operon is transcribed in most cells.

Strained two-dimensional tungsten diselenide for mechanically tunable exciton transport.

Tightly bound electron-hole pairs (excitons) hosted in atomically-thin semiconductors have emerged as prospective elements in optoelectronic devices for ultrafast and secured information transfer. The controlled exciton transport in such excitonic devices requires manipulating potential energy gradient of charge-neutral excitons, while electrical gating or nanoscale straining have shown limited efficiency of exciton transport at room temperature. Here, we report strain gradient induced exciton transport in monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe) across microns at room temperature via steady-state pump-probe measurement.

Cytokine-armed pyroptosis induces antitumor immunity against diverse types of tumors.

Inflammasomes are defense complexes that utilize cytokines and immunogenic cell death (ICD) to stimulate the immune system against pathogens. Inspired by their dual action, we present cytokine-armed pyroptosis as a strategy for boosting immune response against diverse types of tumors. To induce pyroptosis, we utilize designed tightly regulated gasdermin D variants comprising different pore-forming capabilities and diverse modes of activation, representing a toolbox of ICD inducers.

Metamaterial-based injection molding for the cost-effective production of whole cuts.

The escalating global demand for meat products has intensified ecological concerns, underscoring the need for sustainable meat alternatives. Although current methods effectively imitate ground meat, mimicking whole cuts, which constitute 54% of the global market, remains challenging due to the lack of scalable technology. Injection molding is a massively scalable manufacturing technology developed for the polymer industry.

PSCA-targeted BPX-601 CAR T cells with pharmacological activation by rimiducid in metastatic pancreatic and prostate cancer: a phase 1 dose escalation trial.

Here we report results of a phase 1 multi-institutional, open-label, dose-escalation trial (NCT02744287) of BPX-601, an investigational autologous PSCA-directed GoCAR-T® cell product containing an inducible MyD88/CD40 ON-switch responsive to the activating dimerizer rimiducid, in patients with metastatic pancreatic (mPDAC) or castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Primary objectives were to evaluate safety and tolerability and determine the recommended phase 2 dose/schedule (RP2D). Secondary objectives included the assessment of efficacy and characterization of the pharmacokinetics of rimiducid.

Hspa13 Deficiency Impaired Marginal Zone B Cells Regulatory Function and Contributed to Lupus Pathogenesis.

Dysregulated IL-10 producing regulatory B cells (Bregs) are associated with the progression of systemic lupus erythematosus. An immunomodulatory role of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is implicated in autoimmune diseases. However, the molecular basis underlying the role of Hspa13 in regulating Bregs function and lupus pathogenesis remains unclear.

Downregulation of semaphorin 4A in keratinocytes reflects the features of non-lesional psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a multifactorial disorder mediated by IL-17-producing T cells, involving immune cells and skin-constituting cells. Semaphorin 4A (Sema4A), an immune semaphorin, is known to take part in T helper type 1/17 differentiation and activation. However, Sema4A is also crucial for maintaining peripheral tissue homeostasis and its involvement in skin remains unknown.

Amorphous Carbon Monolayer: A van der Waals Interface for High-Performance Metal Oxide Semiconductor Devices.

Ultrasmall-scale semiconductor devices (≤5 nm) are advancing technologies, such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. However, the further scaling of these devices poses critical challenges, such as interface properties and oxide quality, particularly at the high-/semiconductor interface in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. Existing interlayer (IL) methods, typically exceeding 1 nm thickness, are unsuitable for ultrasmall-scale devices.

Activation of PPARγ regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization and attenuates dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced inflammatory bowel disease via the STAT-1/STAT-6 pathway.

This study aimed to investigate whether activation of PPARγ regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization to attenuate dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via the STAT-1/STAT-6 pathway in vivo and in vitro. We first examined the effect of PPARγ on macrophage polarization in LPS/IFN-γ-treated M1 RAW264.7 cells and IL-4/IL-13-treated M2 RAW264.

Novel Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Containing Naproxen as NLRP3 Inhibitors: Synthesis and Evaluation of Their Biological Activity.

Long-term use of naproxen can lead to serious side effects. Inspired by the biological activity of cinnamic acid, a series of cinnamic acid derivatives containing naproxen were designed, synthesized and explored their anti-inflammatory activities and mechanism in vitro. Our results indicated that all of naproxen derivatives showed more significant inhibition against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and had lower degree of cytotoxicity than that of naproxen.

Autologous Fascia Nerve Wrap in a Rodent Primary Epineurial Repair Model and Preliminary Case Series.

Background: Nerve wraps composed of various autologous and bioengineered materials have been used to bolster nerve repair sites. In this study, we describe the novel use of autologous fascia nerve wraps (AFNW) as an adjunct to epineurial repair and evaluate their effect on inflammatory cytokine expression, intraneural collagen deposition and end-organ reinnervation in rats and use of AFNW in a patient case series.

Methods: Lewis rats received sciatic transection with repair either with or without AFNW, sciatic-to-common peroneal nerve transfer with or without AFNW, or sham surgery (n=14/group).

Like Father, Like Daughter: A Family With a Constitutional Thrombocytopenia Variant Due to a Novel Heterozygous Missense Mutation in GP1BA.

Constitutional platelet disorders have become better understood since Bernard and Soulier first described a case in 1948. Their diagnosis can also be challenging due to overlap in clinical presentation and lab findings with platelet type von Willebrand. Bernard-Soulier syndrome is a disorder caused by GPIb receptor mutations that decrease its affinity for von Willebrand factor resulting in reduced platelet function and macrothrombocytopenia.

Pediatric T-lymphoblastic Leukemia With an Entirely Mature Immunophenotype: A Prompt and Challenging Diagnosis.

Children with T-ALL/LBL require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Flow cytometric analysis of T-lineage and immaturity markers usually leads to a straightforward diagnosis. However, rare cases of T-ALL expressing bright CD45 and lacking expression of immature markers can be a diagnostic conundrum and difficult to differentiate from mature T-cell lymphomas lacking surface CD3 expression or aberrantly expressing immature markers, which affects treatment decisions and prognosis.