Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight.

A complex metabolic condition referred to as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and decreased insulin production. Obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic inflammation are just a few of the cardiometabolic illnesses that people with T2DM are more likely to acquire and results in cardiovascular issues. It is essential to comprehend the mechanistic insights into these risk variables in order to prevent and manage cardiovascular problems in T2DM effectively.

Ultra-sensitive detection and scavenging of arsenic ions and ciprofloxacin using 3D multipurpose hemicellulose based aerogel: Adsorption mechanism and RSM optimization.

Trace level detection and efficient removal of arsenite ions (As (III)) and ciprofloxacin (CPR) antibiotic was achieved using hemicellulose based ratiometric fluorescent aerogel. Hemicellulose derived from rice straw was oxidised to dialdehyde hemicellulose followed by crosslinking using chitosan via a Schiff base reaction (C = N) yielding a highly porous 3D fluorescent aerogel (CS@DAHCA). Various factors governing adsorption were analyzed by applying response surface methodology (RSM) approach.

Metabolomics: A Tool to Envisage Biomarkers in Clinical Interpretation of Cancer.

Background: Cancer is amongst the most dreadful ailments of modern times, and its impact continuously worsens global health systems. Early diagnosis and suitable therapeutic agents are the prime keys to managing this disease. Metabolomics deals with the complete profiling of cells and physiological phenomena in their organelles, thus helping in keen knowledge of the pathological status of the disease.

Integrated experimental and theoretical studies on structural and magnetic properties of thin films of double perovskite ruthenates: BaDyRuO & SrDyRuO.

Thin films of double perovskite ruthenates, , BaDyRuO (BDRO) and SrDyRuO (SDRO), have been successfully grown on a SrTiO substrate using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The BDRO samples crystallizes in cubic structure, while SDRO exhibits monoclinic structure as revealed in their X-Ray diffraction examination. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements suggest the presence of ferromagnetism in BDRO, while paramagnetism is present for the SDRO thin film.

Glabridin mitigates TiONP induced cognitive deficit in adult zebrafish.

Glabridin is extracted from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, which has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the neuroprotective potential of Glabridin against the learning and memory deficit by triggering NRF2/HO-1 signaling in Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONP) treated zebrafish. Our study suggests that Glabridin at doses of 12.

Role of Nrf2 in Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Autophagy in Alzheimer's Disease: Regulation of Nrf2 by Different Signaling Pathways.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia. AD is characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-ß (Aß) peptide, increased levels of tau protein, and loss of redox homeostasis responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Excessive accumulation of toxic Aß plaques activates microglia, which initiates neuroinflammation and consequently accelerates synaptic damage and neuronal loss.

Recent Progress in Selective COX-2 Inhibitor Formulations and Therapeutic Applications - A Patent Review (2012-2022).

Introduction: Cyclooxygenase (COX), in literature, known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for the formation of prostanoids, including thromboxane and prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. COX-1 does housekeeping activity, whereas COX- 2 induces inflammation. Continuous rise in COX-2 gives birth to chronic pain-associated disorders, i.

Calcification Detection in Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Images Using Transfer Learning Based MultiSVM model.

Cardiovascular disease serves as the leading cause of death worldwide. Calcification detection is considered an important factor in cardiovascular diseases. Currently, medical practitioners visually inspect the presence of calcification using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images.

CADNet: an advanced architecture for automatic detection of coronary artery calcification and shadow border in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images.

Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) is a medical imaging modality widely used for the detection and treatment of coronary heart disease. The detection of vascular structures is extremely important for accurate treatment procedures. Manual detection of lumen and calcification is very time-consuming and requires technical experience.

Hyaluronate decorated polyethylene glycol linked poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles encapsulating MUC-1 peptide augmented mucosal immune response in Balb/c mice through inhalation route.

Background And Objectives: NSCLC (Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer) clutches highest mortality rate in man and women globally. The present study was conducted to target MUC-1 peptide (M-1) into antigen presenting cells by cargo the peptide into hyaluronic acid decorated polyethylene glycol linked poly (D, l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (M-1-PL-co-GA-PEG-sHA-NPs) for generating mucosal immunity through inhalation (i.h.

A State-Of-The-Art Review on Coronary Artery Border Segmentation Algorithms for Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) Images.

Intravascular Ultrasound images (IVUS) is a useful guide for medical practitioners to identify the vascular status of coronary arteries in human beings. IVUS is a unique intracoronary imaging modality that is used as an adjunct to angioplasty to view vessel structures using a catheter with high resolutions. Segmentation of IVUS images has always remained a challenging task due to various impediments, for example, similar tissue components, vessel structures, and artifacts imposed during the acquisition process.

Target-based anticancer indole derivatives and insight into structure‒activity relationship: A mechanistic review update (2018-2021).

Cancer, which is the uncontrolled growth of cells, is the second leading cause of death after heart disease. Targeting drugs, especially to specific genes and proteins involved in growth and survival of cancer cells, is the prime need of research world-wide. Indole moiety, which is a combination of aromatic-heterocyclic compounds, is a constructive scaffold for the development of novel leads.

Comparative analysis of proficiencies of various textures and geometric features in breast mass classification using k-nearest neighbor.

This paper introduces a comparative analysis of the proficiencies of various textures and geometric features in the diagnosis of breast masses on mammograms. An improved machine learning-based framework was developed for this study. The proposed system was tested using 106 full field digital mammography images from the INbreast dataset, containing a total of 115 breast mass lesions.

Development of a bio-relevant pH gradient dissolution method for a high-dose, weakly acidic drug, its optimization and IVIVC in Wistar rats: a case study of magnesium orotate dihydrate.

Magnesium orotate dihydrate (MOD) is a weakly acidic drug (pKa 2.83) which belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class I at a dose of 500 mg and to BCS Class II at a dose of 1,000 mg. It is clinically prescribed at a dose of 3,000 mg (in two to three divided doses).

Parametric Optimization of Electric Discharge Machining of Metal Matrix Composites Using Analytic Hierarchy Process.

The present study reports on the method used to obtain the reliable outcomes for different responses in electric discharge machining (EDM) of metal matrix composites (MMCs). The analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a multiple criteria decision-making technique, was used to achieve the target outcomes. The process parameters were varied to evaluate their effect on the material erosion rate (), surface roughness (SR), and residual stresses (σ) following Taguchi's experimental design.

Fluorescent molecular probe-based activity and inhibition monitoring of histone deacetylases.

Extensive studies in recent decades have revealed that gene expression regulation is not limited to genetic mutations but also to processes that do not alter the genetic sequence. Post-translational histone modification is one of these processes in addition to DNA or RNA modifications. Histone modifications are essential in controlling histone functions and play a vital role in cellular gene expression.

Development, optimization and characterization of chewable tablet containing synergistic combination of magnesium orotate dihydrate with cholecalciferol and menaquinone-7 for management of hyperglycemia and its pharmacokinetic study.

The objective of the present research is to develop and optimize a chewable tablet containing synergistic combination of magnesium orotate dihydrate (MOD), cholecalciferol (CHOL) and menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as per product development guidelines of ICH Q8 (R2). The effects of critical variables on quality attributes of chewable tablets were evaluated using 30 runs based design of experiment (DoE) after risk assessment. Optimized formulation was found to be the one that was prepared with moderate granulation time of 7.

Protective effect of andrographolide against STZ induced Alzheimer's disease in experimental rats: possible neuromodulation and Aβ analysis.

STZ is a glucosamine-nitrosourea compound, causes dysfunctioning of insulin receptors in the brain and disrupts glucose metabolism, produces cognitive decline and AD-like symptoms. ICV injection of STZ causes accumulation of Aβ and cognitive dysfunctions. Andrographolide (ANDRO) is a major bioactive constituent of Andrographis paniculata, has various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cholinesterase, and neuroprotective properties.

An efficient post-processing adaptive filtering technique to rectifying the flickering effects.

Compression at a very low bit rate(≤0.5bpp) causes degradation in video frames with standard decoding algorithms like H.261, H.

A Novel Ensemble-based Classifier for Detecting the COVID-19 Disease for Infected Patients.

The recently discovered coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which was detected in Wuhan, China, has spread worldwide and is still being studied at the end of 2019. Detection of COVID-19 at an early stage is essential to provide adequate healthcare to affected patients and protect the uninfected community. This paper aims to design and develop a novel ensemble-based classifier to predict COVID-19 cases at a very early stage so that appropriate action can be taken by patients, doctors, health organizations, and the government.

Impact of Magnetic Field Environment on the EDM Performance of Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite.

In the present work, a hybrid magnetic field assisted powder mixed electrical discharge machining had been carried out on the Aluminum-Silicon Carbide (Al-SiC) metal matrix composite. The aim of the study was to obtain higher surface finish, and enhanced material removal rate. The dielectric mediums employed were plain EDM oil, SiCp mixed and graphite powder mixed EDM oil for flushing through the tube electrode.