Coronary microcirculation damage in anthracycline cardiotoxicity.

Aims: The aim of this study was to study changes in coronary microcirculation status during and after several cycles of anthracycline treatment.

Methods And Results: Large-white male pigs (n=40) were included in different experimental protocols (ExPr.) according to anthracycline cumulative exposure [0.

Cognitive Insight in First-Episode Psychosis: Changes during Metacognitive Training.

Background: Metacognitive training (MCT) has demonstrated its efficacy in psychosis. However, the effect of each MCT session has not been studied. The aim of the study was to assess changes in cognitive insight after MCT: (a) between baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up; (b) after each session of the MCT controlled for intellectual quotient (IQ) and educational level.

Identification of a peripheral blood gene signature predicting aortic valve calcification.

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Identification of early predictive markers could help optimize patient management. RNA-sequencing was carried out on human fetal aortic valves at gestational , , and and on a case-control study with adult noncalcified and calcified bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves.

Machine Learning Improves Cardiovascular Risk Definition for Young, Asymptomatic Individuals.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines recommend assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis using imaging techniques in individuals with intermediate atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk according to standard risk prediction tools.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a machine-learning model based on routine, quantitative, and easily measured variables to predict the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) in young, asymptomatic individuals. The risk of having SA estimated by this model could be used to refine risk estimation and optimize the use of imaging for risk assessment.

A Network of Macrophages Supports Mitochondrial Homeostasis in the Heart.

Cardiomyocytes are subjected to the intense mechanical stress and metabolic demands of the beating heart. It is unclear whether these cells, which are long-lived and rarely renew, manage to preserve homeostasis on their own. While analyzing macrophages lodged within the healthy myocardium, we discovered that they actively took up material, including mitochondria, derived from cardiomyocytes.

Remote ischaemic preconditioning ameliorates anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and preserves mitochondrial integrity.

Aims: Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is a serious adverse effect among cancer patients. A central mechanism of AIC is irreversible mitochondrial damage. Despite major efforts, there are currently no effective therapies able to prevent AIC.

Decreased salivary lactoferrin levels are specific to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Evidences of infectious pathogens in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains may suggest a deteriorated innate immune system in AD pathophysiology. We previously demonstrated reduced salivary lactoferrin (Lf) levels, one of the major antimicrobial proteins, in AD patients.

Methods: To assess the clinical utility of salivary Lf for AD diagnosis, we examine the relationship between salivary Lf and cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) load using amyloid-Positron-Emission Tomography (PET) neuroimaging, in two different cross-sectional cohorts including patients with different neurodegenerative disorders.

Short-Term Progression of Multiterritorial Subclinical Atherosclerosis.

Background: Atherosclerosis progression predicts cardiovascular events; however, progression of multiterritorial subclinical atherosclerosis is incompletely understood.

Objectives: This study sought to study short-term progression of atherosclerosis using different noninvasive imaging techniques and their relationship with cardiovascular risk.

Methods: The study included 3,514 PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) study participants (45.

Effects of Colchicine on Atherosclerotic Plaque Stabilization: a Multimodality Imaging Study in an Animal Model.

Colchicine demonstrated clinical benefits in the treatment of stable coronary artery disease. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of colchicine on atherosclerotic plaque stabilization. Atherosclerosis was induced in the abdominal aorta of 20 rabbits with high-cholesterol diet and balloon endothelial denudation.

CIBER-CLAP (CIBERCV Cardioprotection Large Animal Platform): A multicenter preclinical network for testing reproducibility in cardiovascular interventions.

Despite many cardioprotective interventions have shown to protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the experimental setting, only few of them have succeeded in translating their findings into positive proof-of-concept clinical trials. Controversial and inconsistent experimental and clinical evidence supports the urgency of a disruptive paradigm shift for testing cardioprotective therapies. There is a need to evaluate experimental reproducibility before stepping into the clinical arena.

R2 prime (R2') magnetic resonance imaging for post-myocardial infarction intramyocardial haemorrhage quantification.

Aims: To assess whether R2* is more accurate than T2* for the detection of intramyocardial haemorrhage (IMH) and to evaluate whether T2' (or R2') is less affected by oedema than T2* (R2*), and thus more suitable for the accurate identification of post-myocardial infarction (MI) IMH.

Methods And Results: Reperfused anterior MI was performed in 20 pigs, which were sacrificed at 120 min, 24 h, 4 days, and 7 days. At each time point, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) T2- and T2*-mapping scans were recorded, and myocardial tissue samples were collected to quantify IMH and myocardial water content.

Does Socioeconomic Status Influence the Risk of Subclinical Atherosclerosis?: A Mediation Model.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES)-education, income level, and occupation-is associated with cardiovascular risk.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between SES and subclinical atherosclerosis and the potential mechanisms involved.

Methods: SES, lifestyle habits (smoking, dietary patterns, physical activity, and hours of sleep), traditional risk factors, and subclinical atherosclerosis extent were prospectively assessed in 4,025 individuals aged 40 to 54 years without known cardiovascular disease enrolled in the PESA (Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis) study.

Cardiac MRI Endpoints in Myocardial Infarction Experimental and Clinical Trials: JACC Scientific Expert Panel.

After a reperfused myocardial infarction (MI), dynamic tissue changes occur (edema, inflammation, microvascular obstruction, hemorrhage, cardiomyocyte necrosis, and ultimately replacement by fibrosis). The extension and magnitude of these changes contribute to long-term prognosis after MI. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold-standard technique for noninvasive myocardial tissue characterization.

Rationale and design of the school-based SI! Program to face obesity and promote health among Spanish adolescents: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Unlabelled: Unhealthy habits in adolescents are increasing at an alarming rate. The school offers a promising environment in which to implement effective preventive strategies to improve adolescents' lifestyle behaviors. The SI! Program is a multilevel multicomponent school-based health-promotion intervention aimed at all stages of compulsory education in Spain.

Contemporary differences between men and women with acute coronary syndromes: CIAM multicenter registry.

Aim: Differences exist in the diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) between men and women. However, recent advancements in the management of ACSs might have attenuated this sex gap. We evaluated the status of ACS management in a multicenter registry in 10 tertiary Spanish hospitals.

Quantitative assessment of myocardial blood flow and extracellular volume fraction using Ga-DOTA-PET: A feasibility and validation study in large animals.

Background: Here we evaluated the feasibility of PET with Gallium-68 (Ga)-labeled DOTA for non-invasive assessment of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) in a pig model of myocardial infarction. We also aimed to validate MBF measurements using microspheres as a gold standard in healthy pigs.

Methods: 8 healthy pigs underwent three sequential Ga-DOTA-PET/CT scans at rest and during pharmacological stress with simultaneous injection of fluorescent microspheres to validate MBF measurements.

Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Identify Early Stages of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Background: Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is a major clinical problem, and early cardiotoxicity markers are needed.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify early doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by serial multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and its pathological correlates in a large animal model.

Methods: Twenty pigs were included.

Rationale and design of the SI! Program for health promotion in elementary students aged 6 to 11 years: A cluster randomized trial.

Unhealthy habits in children are increasing at an alarming rate. The school provides a promising setting for effective preventive strategies to improve children's lifestyle behaviors. The SI! Program is a multilevel multicomponent school-based educational intervention aimed at all stages of compulsory education in Spain.

Association of Sleep Duration and Quality With Subclinical Atherosclerosis.

Background: Sleep duration and quality have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. However, large studies linking objectively measured sleep and subclinical atherosclerosis assessed in multiple vascular sites are lacking.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of actigraphy-measured sleep parameters with subclinical atherosclerosis in an asymptomatic middle-aged population, and investigate interactions among sleep, conventional risk factors, psychosocial factors, dietary habits, and inflammation.

Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative prosthetic joint infections: Role of surgery and impact of colistin administration.

Factors influencing treatment outcome of patients with Gram-negative bacterial (GNB) multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) prosthetic joint infection (PJIs) were analysed. Data were collected (2000-2015) by 18 centres. Treatment success was analysed by surgery type for PJI, resistance (MDR/XDR) and antimicrobials (colistin/non-colistin) using logistic regression and survival analyses.

The microRNA-29/PGC1α regulatory axis is critical for metabolic control of cardiac function.

Different microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-29 family, may play a role in the development of heart failure (HF), but the underlying molecular mechanisms in HF pathogenesis remain unclear. We aimed at characterizing mice deficient in miR-29 in order to address the functional relevance of this family of miRNAs in the cardiovascular system and its contribution to heart disease. In this work, we show that mice deficient in miR-29a/b1 develop vascular remodeling and systemic hypertension, as well as HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) characterized by myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction, and pulmonary congestion, and die prematurely.

Mirabegron, a Clinically Approved β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist, Does Not Reduce Infarct Size in a Swine Model of Reperfused Myocardial Infarction.

The administration of the selective β3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) agonist BRL-37344 protects from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), although the lack of clinical approval limits its translatability. We tested the cardioprotective effect of mirabegron, the first-in-class β3AR agonist approved for human use. A dose-response study was conducted in 6 pigs to select the highest intravenous dose of mirabegron without significant detrimental hemodynamic effect.