Social determinants of student mental health before and after the Beirut port explosion: two cross-sectional studies.

Background: Students in Lebanon are facing the devastating impact of multiple national crises, including an unprecedented economic collapse and the Beirut port explosion that killed hundreds, injured thousands, and displaced hundreds of thousands of people. The aim of this study was to identify key social determinants of common mental health symptoms before and after the Beirut port explosion for students at the American University of Beirut, a university based around 4 km from the port.

Methods: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted using a representative sample of undergraduate and graduate students at the American University of Beirut.

Primary school children's oral hygiene knowledge assessed with different educational methods: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Different educational methods play an important role in oral hygiene education programs. This study aims to evaluate the impact of various educational methods on the oral hygiene knowledge of primary school children.

Methods: A total of 490 primary school students participated in this cross-sectional study.

Factors influencing role preferences in decision-making of healthy women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants: subanalysis from a randomised controlled decision coaching trial.

Background: Patients who actively engage in their medical decision-making processes can experience better health outcomes. This exploratory study aimed to identify predictors of preferred and actual roles in decision-making in healthy women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs).

Methods: Women with BRCA1/2 PVs without a history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were recruited in six centres across Germany.

Association between lactate dehydrogenase levels and all-cause mortality in ICU patients with heart failure: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Heart failure (HF) patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often face high short-term mortality rates. This study aims to investigate the relationship between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with HF.

Methods: Data from the MIMIC-IV database were extracted for subjects eligible for HF diagnosis.

Rationale and design of APOLLO: a personalized rehAbilitation PrOgram in aLLOgeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a common therapy for many hematologic malignancies. While advances in transplant practice have improved cancer-specific outcomes, multiple and debilitating long term physical and psychologic effects remain. Patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) are often critically ill at initial diagnosis and with necessary sequential treatments become increasingly frail and deconditioned.

A new approach for evaluating maize transgressive segregants and their three-way cross potential in the S4 convergent breeding population.

The development of transgressive segregant (TS) selection on convergent breeding populations of S4 maize is a concept that is rarely applied. However, the development of TS is necessary to accelerate maize breeding pipelines. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to develop the concept of TS selection and (2) to select S4 TS maize to be developed as hybrid cross parents.

Oxygenation improvement and duration of prone positioning are associated with ICU mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.

Background: Prone position has been diffusely applied in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients. Our aim is ascertaining the association between the physiologic response and the length of the first cycle of prone position and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality.

Methods: International registry including COVID-19 adult patients who underwent prone positioning.

Aging and word predictability during reading: Evidence from eye movements and fixation-related potentials.

The use of context to facilitate the processing of words is recognized as a hallmark of skilled reading. This capability is also hypothesized to change with older age because of cognitive changes across the lifespan. However, research investigating this issue using eye movements or event-related potentials (ERPs) has produced conflicting findings.

Semi-mechanistic efficacy model for PARP + ATR inhibitors-application to rucaparib and talazoparib in combination with gartisertib in breast cancer PDXs.

Background: Promising cancer treatments, such as DDR inhibitors, are often challenged by the heterogeneity of responses in clinical trials. The present work aimed to build a computational framework to address those challenges.

Methods: A semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of tumour growth inhibition was developed to investigate the efficacy of PARP and ATR inhibitors as monotherapies, and in combination.

Stalled disomes marked by Hel2-dependent ubiquitin chains undergo Ubp2/Ubp3-mediated deubiquitination upon translational run-off.

Stalled ribosomes cause collisions, impair protein synthesis, and generate potentially harmful truncated polypeptides. Eukaryotic cells utilize the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) and no-go mRNA decay (NGD) pathways to resolve these problems. In yeast, the E3 ubiquitin ligase Hel2 recognizes and polyubiquitinates disomes and trisomes at the 40S ribosomal protein Rps20/uS10, thereby priming ribosomes for further steps in the RQC/NGD pathways.

Direct collaboration between hospitals and NGOs, an essential tool to reinforce linkage to care in people living with HIV.

With the aim of improving access and engagement to healthcare in people living with HIV (PLHIV), in 2022 Gregorio Marañón Hospital and the NGO COGAM developed a circuit for recruitment and referral to hospital. Program targeted PLHIV who were neither receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) nor on medical follow-up (FU); but also, individuals at risk who underwent screening tests at the NGO and, if positive, were referred for confirmation. The result was an increase in annual new PLHIV seen in hospital by reaching a population who were, essentially, young men (94% male, median age 30 years), migrants (95%) with recent diagnosis of HIV (median 5 years) and who were recently arrived in Spain (median 5 months).

The link between sleep bruxism and oxidative stress based on a polysomnographic study.

Oxidative stress is proven to increase cardiovascular risk and to diminish healthy life expectancy. Sleep bruxism (SB) is a prevalent masticatory muscle activity during sleep characterized by heterogeneous etiology and inadequately recognized pathophysiology. Recent theories have proposed a potential association between SB and oxidative stress.

Programmed cell death-related gene IL20RA facilitates tumor progression and remodels tumor microenvironment in thyroid cancer.

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a vital biological process that is essential for regulating cell progression and tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PCD-related genes expression and prognosis in thyroid cancer (THCA), especially IL20RA, as a potential prognostic marker for THCA. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was utilized to develop a PCD-related risk prediction model based on LASSO regression along with univariate Cox regression.

PARP inhibition-associated heterochromatin confers increased DNA replication stress and vulnerability to ATR inhibition in SMARCA4-deficient cells.

DNA replication stress (RS), a prevalent feature of various malignancies, arises from both genetic mutations and genotoxic exposure. Elevated RS levels increase the vulnerability of cancer cells to ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase inhibitors (ATRis). Here, we screened for DNA damage response inhibitors that enhance ATRi-induced cytotoxicity using SWI/SNF complex-deficient cells and identified a potent synergy between ATRi and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), particularly in SMARCA4-deficient cells.

Assessment of potential ecological risk by metals in Ilha Grande Bay (Southeast Brazil).

This study evaluates contamination and potential ecological risk in Ilha Grande Bay (BIG) in southeastern Brazil. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed physicochemical, sediment textural, and geochemical data from 134 stations distributed throughout the bay. The results reveal significant environmental degradation in the coastal areas of Paraty, Saco do Mamanguá, Angra dos Reis City, and Abraão Cove (at Ilha Grande island).

Unveiling method-derived element fractionation in determining seawater REEs using chelating resin and ICP-MS: Enhanced accuracy for finer-scale water mixing.

Dissolved Rare Earth Elements (REEs) concentrations have been widely used in geochemical studies due to their systematic changes in the environment, acting as tracers in various natural processes. In addition to the usefulness of naturally controlled chemical REE fractionations used in the ocean, the extraction and measurement procedures of seawater REEs using chelating resin and ICP-MS may also be subject to method-derived analytical fractionations, leading to potential misinterpretations. The bracketing standard and the Lu methods were compared to verify any fractionation or deviation associated with the analytical processes.

Mixed Comparative Evaluation of a Training Program Dedicated to Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centers: Protocol for the Pilot Implementation of Shared Decision-Making in the Treatment of Diabetes in Adult Patients With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Diabetes affects half of the patients with cystic fibrosis who are aged 30 years and older. Diabetes progresses asymptomatically over a long period of time. Two treatment options are possible: start insulin as soon as cystic fibrosis diagnosis is made with the additional constraints of cystic fibrosis or wait while monitoring the patient's clinical condition and start insulin when diabetes symptoms develop and therefore later.

Pooled prevalence and associated factors of traditional uvulectom among children in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Traditional childhood uvulectomy (TCU) is an unregulated cultural practice associated with significant health risks, including infections, anemia, aspiration, and oral or pharyngeal injuries. The reuse of unsafe tools such as blades, needles, or thread loops exacerbates the spread of infectious diseases like HIV and hepatitis B. Despite its clinical significance, the pooled prevalence and associated factors of TCU have not been adequately examined through systematic reviews or meta-analyses.

Assessing Traumatic Brain Injury in Refugees: Feasibility, Usability, and Prevalence Insights From a US-Based Clinical Sample.

Objective: This study assessed (1) the feasibility and usability of traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessment using the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU-TBI-ID) in a sample of English and Spanish-speaking refugees and asylum seekers (hereafter refugees), and (2) the prevalence and characteristics of TBI in this population.

Setting And Participants: Refugees seeking care from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Asylum Clinic, the MGH Chelsea HealthCare Center, and other asylum programs in the Greater Boston Area.

Design And Main Measures: Bilingual clinical research coordinators screened 158 English and Spanish-speaking refugees using the OSU-TBI-ID.

First Report of Causing Bacterial Leaf and Panicle Blight of Rice in Louisiana, USA.

In July 2023, panicle and leaf blight-like symptoms were observed from the rice () variety, PVL03, in research field plots in Louisiana (Rayne, LA 70578, USA; 30.21330⁰ N, 92.37309⁰ W).

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione-biphenyl Derivatives as Anticancer Agents.

Objective: A new library of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione-biphenyl Derivatives derivatives (10a-j) was designed and synthesized. All compounds were characterized by spectral data. Further, these were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity.

Feeding broilers with the addition of an Ilex paraguariensis coproduct affects zootechnical performance and meat quality responses.

During the harvest of Ilex paraguariensis, approximately 2-5 tons per hectare of thick stems are left on the soil surface. The outer portion of these stems, referred to as the coproduct, constitutes 30% of the total residue mass. Although this coproduct has been partially characterized in terms of its phytochemical profile, its technological applications remain unexplored.

Optimized nanostructured lipid carriers from aceh traditional coconut (Pliek) oil: a promising topical formulations for atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry skin, severe itching, redness, and inflammation. Its complex etiology, involving genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, necessitates innovative therapeutic approaches. This study investigates nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) formulated with traditional fermented coconut (Cocos nucifera L.

Effects of in situ Selenium Exposure and Maternal Transfer on Survival and Abnormalities of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) Fry.

Offspring of adult Yellowstone cutthroat trout (YCT) exposed to a range of selenium (Se) concentrations in situ were reared in a laboratory setting to assess effects on survival, growth and abnormalities. Maternal whole body Se concentrations ranged from 2.6 to 25.