Chemopreventive Effect of Cinnamon and Its Bioactive Compounds in a Rat Model of Premalignant Prostate Carcinogenesis.

Unlabelled: Cinnamon and its bioactive compounds inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. The aim of the current study was to assess the chemopreventive efficacy of cinnamon (CN) and its bioactive compounds in vivo using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and testosterone (T) to induce prostate carcinogenesis in male Wistar/National Institute of Nutrition rats. Cancer-induced (CI) rats (n = 10) developed prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

Cancer awareness & its association with demographic variables & mobile phone usage among the rural population of a district in north India.

Background & Objectives: Lack of awareness is one of the major reasons for the high morbidity and mortality associated with cancers. The present study was aimed to evaluate the awareness of prevalent cancers among the rural population in a district of north India and its association specifically with mobile phone usage.

Methods: Using a stratified random sampling technique, households in three villages of Gautam Buddh Nagar district of India were selected.

Stromal microenvironment namely angiogenesis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and matrix metalloproteinase in invasive breast carcinoma: Do they have a prognostic role?

Background: The role of stromal microenvironment in growth, invasiveness, and metastatic potential of breast carcinoma (BC) is being recognized increasingly, both to predict prognosis and as potential therapeutic targets. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation of angiogenesis, tumor-associated lymphocytes, and stromal CD10 expression with clinicopathologic parameters.

Materials And Methods: This study included 100 consecutive cases of invasive BC undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

Smokeless tobacco industry's brand stretching through FM radio: A study from Delhi National Capital Region, India.

Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is associated with multiple adverse health effects and mortality, with the highest burden in India. The WHO FCTC has banned tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship Article 13. Indian laws also prohibit any kind of direct or indirect advertisements in all forms of audio, visual, and print media; brand promotion; and sponsorship of tobacco products.

Elucidation of Antiviral and Antioxidant Potential of C-Phycocyanin against HIV-1 Infection through and Approaches.

Antiretroviral therapy is the single existing therapy for patients infected with HIV; however, it has drawbacks in terms of toxicity and resistance. Thus, there is a continuous need to explore safe and efficacious anti-retroviral agents. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a phycobiliprotein, which has been known for various biological properties; however, its effect on HIV-1 replication needs revelation.

Social desirability and under-reporting of smokeless tobacco use among reproductive age women: Evidence from National Family Health Survey.

Introduction: This study hypothesises that the presence of a third person during the interaction between the survey investigator and the woman respondent leads to underreporting of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use by Indian women, including pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015-16 was analysed for SLT use among women aged 15-49. Multivariate logistic regression examined the odds of SLT use reporting by women respondents in the presence of their husbands and other male or female adults.

Elucidation of Increased Cervical Cancer Risk Due to Polymorphisms in XRCC1 (R399Q and R194W), ERCC5 (D1104H), and NQO1 (P187S).

Genetic variations like single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with cervical carcinogenesis. In this study, SNPs have been identified that contribute toward changes in the function and stability of the proteins and show association with cervical cancer. Initially, literature mining identified 114 protein-coding polymorphisms with population-based evidence in cervical cancer.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and outcome of cervical lesions and high-risk HPV in women living with HIV (WLHIV): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Collating evidence on the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the outcome of cervical lesions or human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women living with HIV (WLHIV) is essential to inform cervical cancer prevention in this vulnerable group.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies that were conducted between January 1, 1996 and January 31, 2022 and reported on the association of HAART with any of the outcomes: incidence, progression, or regression of cervical lesions or acquisition or clearance of HPV infection in WLHIV. Random-effect analysis was used for summary statistics and heterogeneity was assessed through I statistic.

Lactobacilli metabolites restore E-cadherin and suppress MMP9 in cervical cancer cells.

Cervical cancer is leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. Vaginal lactobacilli colonizing cervical area are known to play an important role in maintaining cervical physiological conditions to ward away vaginal infections including bacterial vaginosis (BV) and cancer prevention. There are limited studies to study effect of Lactobacilli isolated from different sources on cervical cancer.

A Cross Sectional Assessment of the Profile of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases Among Health Care Staff of a Tertiary Cancer Hospital.

Background: Non-communicable disease (NCD) is the leading cause of death, accounting for 70% of total death globally, and posing a major public health challenge. In India, nearly 5.8 million people (WHO report, 2015) die from NCDs every year.

The incidence, prevalence, and contributing factors of overweight and obesity among adolescent population of India: A scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity among the adolescent population are emerging as worldwide epidemics. Its increasing occurrence in India is highly concerning. Amidst the burden of malnutrition, where undernutrition is a long-standing health problem, the rising concerns around childhood overweight/obesity has several repercussions for this population.

Educational intervention on cervical and breast cancer screening: Impact on nursing students involved in primary care.

Introduction: Nurses are the foundation of the Indian health system. They play a crucial role in primary care and implementation of community-centered government health initiatives such as cancer screening. The purpose of this manuscript is to share the experience of this educational intervention study and emphasize the need for drastic medical education reforms to include curricula to strengthen knowledge about cancer screening among nursing students.

A rapid assessment of the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) pandemic on health care & service delivery for noncommunicable diseases in India.

Background And Aim: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had disrupted the availability, access and utilisation of routine health care services. The present study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on India's Non communicable Disease (NCD) health care service delivery.

Methods: The study included existing hospitals in disease registry network of the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (ICMR-NCDIR), Bengaluru.

Association between timing and type of postnatal care provided with neonatal mortality: A large scale study from India.

Objectives: This study examines the association between quality Postnatal Care (PNC) considering timing and providers' type on neonatal mortality. The aim extends to account for regional disparities in service delivery and mortality including high and non-high focus states.

Methods: Ever-married women aged 15-49 years (1,87,702) who had delivered at least one child in five years preceding the survey date surveyed in National Family Health Survey (2015-16) were included in the study.

Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in metabolic diseases and cancers.

Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are multipurpose proteins that can modulate lipid fluxes, trafficking, signaling, and metabolism. FABPs regulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways, its inhibition can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. In addition, FABPs are involved in obesity, metabolic disease, cardiac dysfunction, and cancers.

Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: an insight highlighting pathogenesis and targeting strategies.

Background: Cervical cancer is marked by the uncontrolled proliferation and division of cells making up the cervix. Because of its enormous population, Asia accounts for more than half of the cervical cancer cases and deaths in the world. Cervical cancer is the major cause of death from cancer in women in rural as well as urban areas in India.

How and What are Indians Drinking? Findings from the National Family Health Survey.

Aims: To assess recent changes in the extent and pattern of alcohol use in India using the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data.

Methods: We used unit-level data from both rounds of NFHS. The pattern of alcohol use was categorized as: 'almost every day', 'almost once a week' and 'less than once a week'.

Role of colposcopy in the management of women with abnormal cytology.

Cytology identifies the women who are at higher risk of harboring high-grade cervical premalignant lesions or invasive cancer. However, a diagnostic test such as colposcopy is crucial for women with abnormal cytology for localization of the abnormality, confirmation of diagnosis, and appropriate management. To standardize this subjective technique and to minimize the interobserver variations, Swede scoring system was introduced.

Impact of tobacco smoking on oral cancer genetics-A next-generation sequencing perspective.

This study identified a total of 28 genetic loci (comprising 31 genes), which were found to be altered in oral cancer patients having a habit of tobacco smoking. Three loci, that is, 17p13.1 (), 9p21.

Concurrent Cervical and Anal High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Women Living With HIV: An Observational Case-Control Study.

Background: To evaluate the prevalence and correlates of concurrent uterine cervical and anal HR-HPV infections in women living with HIV (WLHIV).

Setting: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital and linked ART center.

Methods: One hundred and forty-one WLHIV and 161 HIV-negative women were enrolled for cervical and anal cytology as well as HR-HPV testing using the HC2 method.