Amylase and lipase levels in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study in rhesus monkeys.

Latent associations between low serum amylase and reduced plasma insulin levels and increased adiposity have been described previously in a small study of asymptomatic middle-aged humans. In the present study, we sought to determine the nature of such changes during the longitudinal progression from metabolically normal to overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in nonhuman primates (NHPs), a disease that appears to be the same in both pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms as that which most commonly develops in middle-aged adult humans. Amylase and lipase levels were characterized in 157 unrelated adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta); 38% developed T2DM while under study.

Protective role of complement factor H against the development of preeclampsia.

Pregnancy is an immunologically regulated, complex process. A tightly controlled complement system plays a crucial role in the successful establishment of pregnancy and parturition. Complement inhibitors at the feto-maternal interface are likely to prevent inappropriate complement activation to protect the fetus.

Prioritizing the Health and Well-Being of the Indigenous Communities in India.

The International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples and the Tribal Pride Day hold significant importance in India, home to 106 million indigenous individuals. There are 705 recognized Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India that enrich the nation's cultural fabric but experience disproportionately high morbidity and mortality. Historical injustice, geographic isolation, and cultural diversity deeply influence ST health causing disparities between indigenous and non-indigenous health indicators.

Empowering Health care Systems and Communities for Snakebite Envenoming Control in India.

Snakebite envenoming (SBE) is a global health challenge, predominantly affecting economically disadvantaged regions. India contributes significantly to global snakebite mortality. Since 2013, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has spearheaded efforts to combat SBE.

pH-triggered polymeric nanoparticles in gel for preventing vaginal transmission of HIV and unintended pregnancy.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/ AIDS) and unplanned pregnancy affect female reproductive health globally. A single product providing a dual purpose of HIV prophylaxis and contraception may improve adherence to the therapy. Thus, we formulated a female-centric multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) comprising of nanoparticle loaded vaginal gel formulation acting as a contraceptive and microbicide.

Mapping the vaginal microbiota variations in women from a community clinic in Mumbai, India.

Purpose: The vaginal microbiome contributes significantly to women's reproductive health and fluctuates due to various physiological and pathological factors. The study's objective is to map the vaginal microbiome of non-pregnant women and evaluate variations based on various potential factors influencing vaginal milieu.

Methods: Fifty-two sexually active, non-pregnant women between 18 and 45 years were recruited from a community clinic and clinical history was recorded.

Added value of the measles-rubella supplementary immunization activity in reaching unvaccinated and under-vaccinated children, a cross-sectional study in five Indian districts, 2018-20.

Introduction: Supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) aim to interrupt measles transmission by reaching susceptible children, including children who have not received the recommended two routine doses of MCV before the SIA. However, both strategies may miss the same children if vaccine doses are highly correlated. How well SIAs reach children missed by routine immunization is a key metric in assessing the added value of SIAs.