Global burden of cancer pattern in 2020 & prediction to 2040 among older adults.

Background & objectives Cancer is one of the leading causes of death among older adults worldwide. The global burden of cancer among older individuals is increasing due to the ageing population. The increasing burden of cancer among older adults will pose significant social and economic challenges for the delivery of healthcare services.

Efficacy of leprosy vaccines across the globe: A systematic review & meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background & objectives Although multi-drug therapy has decreased the burden of disease, leprosy is yet to be eliminated. Accelerating progress requires optimal use of existing tools, advanced diagnostic tests, newer drugs, and vaccines. The search for a vaccine with therapeutic and preventive potential is ongoing, but evidence on effectiveness and safety is lacking.

Global variations in elderly cancer mortality pattern in 2020 & prediction to 2040: A population-based study.

Background & objectives Cancer contributes to decreasing life expectancy, especially in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) and countries in transition where resources for diagnosis and care are limited. As the world population is ageing, and by 2050, two-thirds of the population in LMIC will be elderly, the greater impact of cancer on the expectation of life in years at a given age of an adult will be seen in these countries. Methods Estimated cancer mortality for older adults (60 yr or above) was estimated using statistics available on Globocan 2020 platform (gco.

Mental health burden following extreme weather events in South-east Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Exposure to extreme weatherly events potentially develops mental disorders among affected individuals.

Aim: To synthesize the burden of mental disorders following impact of extreme weather events in South-east Asian (SEA) countries.

Methods: Proposal was registered in PROSPERO register [CRD42023469788] and reported as per PRISMA-2020 guidelines.

Childhood adversities characterize the heterogeneity in the brain pattern of individuals during neurodevelopment.

Background: Several factors shape the neurodevelopmental trajectory. A key area of focus in neurodevelopmental research is to estimate the factors that have maximal influence on the brain and can tip the balance from typical to atypical development.

Methods: Utilizing a dissimilarity maximization algorithm on the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) of the resting state functional MRI data, we classified subjects from the cVEDA neurodevelopmental cohort ( = 987, aged 6-23 years) into homogeneously patterned DMD (representing typical development in 809 subjects) and heterogeneously patterned DMD (indicative of atypical development in 178 subjects).

Facilitators and barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose among adult population: qualitative analysis across six different states of India.

Introduction: India launched the COVID-19 vaccination drive on 16th January 2021 by vaccinating the adult population above 18 years of age. This was followed by the introduction of an additional precaution dose. As on 18th October 2022, 1,02,66,96,808 (1.

Self-care practices and quality of life of filariasis patients in a gram panchayat of Paschim Burdwan district, West Bengal, India.

Background & Objectives: Self-care management is one of the important components in the goal of elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) and Quality of Life (QoL) has become an important deliverable in the present day health care system. The objective was to assess the self-care management of the affected limb and to find out the quality of life who were suffering from lymphoedema.

Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted during 2019-2020 in a Gourbazar gram panchayat area of Paschim Burdwan district of West Bengal, India.

Burden of mental health disorders and synthesis of community-based mental health intervention measures among adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic in low middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant lockdown could have negatively impacted adolescent mental health. The synthesised burden of mental health illness among adolescents during or after the pandemic is unknown in Low Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The objective was to ascertain the pooled prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents aged 10 - 19 years and to systematically review & conduct a descriptive synthesis of community-based mental health intervention measures in addressing adolescent mental health disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic in LMICs.

Maximising impactful, locally relevant global mental health research conducted in low and middle income country settings: ethical considerations.

Achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in diverse global settings requires approaches to research design, conduct, and dissemination that prioritise a contextualised approach to impact and local relevance. Through three case studies presented at the 2021 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research meeting on the ethical issues arising in research with people with mental health conditions, we consider the nuances to achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in three diverse settings. The case studies include research with refugees Rwanda and Uganda; a neurodevelopmental cohort study in a low resource setting in India, and research with Syrian refugees displaced across the Middle East.

Association of Conicity Index with Different Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Rural Elderly Women of West Bengal, India.

Introduction: In menopause, changes in body fat distribution lead to increasing risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Therefore, the prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by the presence of risk factors is of importance in elderly women.

Objective: To find out the conicity index (CI) and its association with different CVD risk factors among rural elderly women of West Bengal.

A comparative study on the cellular stressors in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pancreatic β-cells under hyperglycemic milieu.

β-cell dysfunction is a critical determinant for both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes and β-cells are shown to be highly susceptible to cellular stressors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the other hand are known to have immunomodulatory potential and preferred in clinical applications. However, there is paucity of a comparative study on these cells in relation to several cellular stressors in response to hyperglycemia and this forms the rationale for the present study.

Altered circulatory levels of miR-128, BDNF, cortisol and shortened telomeres in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression.

Aims: Several studies have reported the role of biomarkers either in diabetes or depression. The present study is aimed at profiling the circulating levels of miR-128, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cortisol and telomere length in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without depression compared to individuals with normal glucose tolerance.

Methods: Study subjects (n = 160) were recruited from an ongoing epidemiological study in southern India.

Bisphenol A exposure under metabolic stress induces accelerated cellular senescence in vivo in a p53 independent manner.

Senescence is an irreversible process that is a characteristic of age-associated disease like Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bisphenol-A (BPA), one of the most common endocrine disruptor chemicals, received special attention in the development of insulin resistance and T2D. To understand the role played by BPA in cellular senescence under metabolic stress, zebrafish embryos were exposed to BPA in the absence and presence of hyperglycaemia.

Novel insights of elevated systemic levels of bisphenol-A (BPA) linked to poor glycemic control, accelerated cellular senescence and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.

There is a striking interaction of genes and environment in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) like bisphenol-A (BPA) have received special attention for their mechanistic role in metabolic disruption, there is a lack of clinically relevant data on BPA levels in Asian Indians, a population which is more susceptible to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we measured systemic levels of BPA in patients with T2DM compared to individuals with normal glucose tolerance (n = 30 each).

Younger-onset versus older-onset type 2 diabetes: Clinical profile and complications.

Aims: To compare the clinical profile and complications between younger and older onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients at a tertiary care diabetes center in south India.

Methods: We compared individuals with T2DM detected at age ≤25years (n=267) and at age≥50years (n=267), matched for gender and duration of diabetes. We reviewed electronic patient charts and extracted data on biochemical parameters (plasma glucose, serum lipids and glycated hemoglobin).