Machine Learning, Molecular Docking, and Dynamics-Based Computational Identification of Potential Inhibitors against Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. However, its treatment faces a significant hurdle due to the development of resistance. Phytomolecules are an important source of new chemical entities due to their rich chemical diversity.

Association of the C allele of rs479200 in the EGLN1 gene with COVID-19 severity in Indian population: a novel finding.

The present study investigated two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-rs479200 and rs516651 in the host EGLN1/PHD2 gene for their association with COVID-19 severity. A retrospective cohort of 158 COVID-19 patients from the Indian population (March 2020 to June 2021) was enrolled. Notably, the frequency of C allele (0.

Identification of MHC Displayed Tumor Associated Peptides in Ovarian Cancer for Multi-Epitope Vaccine Construct.

Background: Recognizing the potential of the immune system, immunotherapies have brought about a revolution in the treatment of cancer. Low tumour mutational burden and strong immunosuppression in the peritoneal tumor microenvironment (TME) lead to poor outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and CART cell therapy in ovarian cancer. Alternative immunotherapeutic strategies are of utmost importance to achieve sound clinical success.

Point-of-care tests for human papillomavirus detection in uterine cervical samples: A review of advances in resource-constrained settings.

Incidence of cervical cancer and associated mortality are still high in resource-constrained countries due to the lack of infrastructural facilities and trained workforce. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening tests offer a better sensitivity (>90%) for the detection of cervical high-grade lesions. However, these tests usually require an extensive laboratory set-up and trained technical staff.

Meta-analysis on Plasmodium falciparum sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance-conferring mutations in India identifies hot spots for genetic surveillance.

Background: India is on track to eliminate malaria by 2030 but emerging resistance to first-line antimalarials is a recognised threat. Two instances of rapid development, spread, and natural selection of drug-resistant mutant parasites in India (chloroquine across the country and artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine [AS+SP] in the northeastern states) translated into drug policy changes for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in 2010 and 2013, respectively. Considering these rapid changes in the SP drug resistance-conferring mutation profile of P.

Insights on the nuclear shuttling of H2A-H2B histone chaperones.

All cellular processes that involve the unwinding of DNA also lead to the systematic shuttling of histones. Histone shuttling across the nuclear membrane is facilitated by a class of proteins known as - histone chaperones. Histone chaperones are classified based on their binding to H3/H4 histones or H2A/H2B histones.

Recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: Findings from the 2019-2021 nationwide community-based TB prevalence survey.

Recurrent Tuberculosis patients contribute to a significant proportion of TB burden in India. A nationwide survey was conducted during 2019-2021 across India among adults to estimate the prevalence of TB. A total of 322480 individuals were screened and 1402 were having TB.

Tobacco exposure among antenatal women in India: Challenges in tobacco screening & cessation counselling.

Links between tobacco use and poor pregnancy outcomes are well established. Despite various tobacco control measures taken by the government, nearly 5-8 per cent of pregnant women consume tobacco in India. Antenatal check-ups are an opportunity to assess and assist women in quitting tobacco during pregnancy.

Characterization of physiochemical parameters & their effect on microbial content of smokeless tobacco products marketed in north India.

Background Objectives: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) product consumption has profound public health implications for its users. The p H and moisture of SLTs determine the bioavailability of nicotine, the microbial structure dynamics and the amount of microbial conversion of tobacco alkaloids to carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines. This study aimed to characterize and compare the p H, moisture and alkaloid content of various SLT products.

Trends in age of tobacco use initiation over time in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: analysis of cross-sectional nationally representative surveys.

Objective: Tobacco use begins at an early age and typically leads to a long-term addiction. The age of initiation for tobacco use is not well studied in South Asia, where 22% of tobacco smokers and 81% of smokeless tobacco (SLT) users reside.

Methods: Data from the nationally representative Global Adult Tobacco Surveys in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan were analysed to examine patterns of initiation among smokers and smokeless tobacco users.

Strengthening breast cancer screening program through health education of women and capacity building of primary healthcare providers.

Background: Globally and in India, breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy. India saw 178,361 new cases and 90,000 deaths in 2020. Timely detection is vital, highlighting the importance of Breast Self-Examination (BSE), especially in low-income settings.

Self-negligence and awareness among oral precancerous and cancer patients - A cross-sectional questionnaire study.

Background: The National Institute of Health and Family Welfare (NIHFW) reports that India has the highest global prevalence of oral cancers. The incidence is significantly more in developing countries when compared to the developed countries. Early detection is key to increasing the survival rate of the patients.

Factors associated with stigma and manifestations experienced by Indian health care workers involved in COVID-19 management in India: A qualitative study.

Healthcare personnel who deal with COVID-19 experience stigma. There is a lack of national-level representative qualitative data to study COVID-19-related stigma among healthcare workers in India. The present study explores factors associated with stigma and manifestations experienced by Indian healthcare workers involved in COVID-19 management.

REPCAN: Guideline for REporting Population-based CANcer Registry Data.

Background: The objective of this study was to develop a guideline on how to report result of a population-based cancer registry. Methods: The guideline's development involved a core working committee and a scientific committee comprising experts from diverse domains. The process comprised three steps: 1) a comprehensive review of existing tools and guidelines and the development of the initial draft of the guideline based on a review of literature, 2) refinement items through several rounds of focus group discussion among the core group, and development initial draft, and 3) Evaluation of the initial draft by scientific committee members.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) and its association with modifiable risk factors in metropolitan bus transit drivers: A cross-sectional comparison.

Background: Bus drivers are one of the top three occupations with the highest prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). The present study aimed to determine the pattern and prevalence of WRMSD among metropolitan bus transit drivers, whose job profiles differ from traditional long-distance bus drivers, and to explore the effect of modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, consenting 254 metropolitan transit bus drivers (with at least five years of job duration) and 73 age-matched indoor desk job workers (administration staff of the same department) as a comparison group enrolled.

Estimating the weight of consumed tobacco product waste in various Indian states: a novel method to assess the potential burden of tobacco product waste.

Introduction: The direct morbidity and mortality caused by tobacco are well documented, but such products also contribute to a range of environmental pollutants resulting from tobacco product waste. No previous studies have yet quantified tobacco product waste in a low-income and middle-income country (LMIC). This study estimates the potential annual waste generated due to consumption of smoked and smokeless tobacco products in India and its states.

Analysis of Inhibition Potential of Nimbin and its Analogs against NF-κB Subunits p50 and p65: A Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Study.

Background: Cancer remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality. The nuclear factor kappa-B (NF- κB) plays an indispensable role in cancer cell proliferation and drug resistance. The role of NF-κB is not only limited to tumor cell proliferation and suppression of apoptotic genes but it also induces EMT transition responsible for metastasis.

Prevalence, Regional Variations, and Predictors of Overweight, Obesity, and Hypertension Among Healthy Reproductive-Age Indian Women: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Task Force Study.

Background: A clear understanding of the anthropometric and sociodemographic risk factors related to BMI and hypertension categories is essential for more effective disease prevention, particularly in India. There is a paucity of nationally representative data on the dynamics of these risk factors, which have not been assessed among healthy reproductive-age Indian women.

Objective: This cross-sectional polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) task force study aimed to assess the anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics of healthy reproductive-age Indian women and explore the association of these characteristics with various noncommunicable diseases.

Preventing/Reversing Adverse Effects of Endocrine Disruption on Mouse Testes by Normalizing Tissue Resident VSELs.

Reproductive health of men is declining in today's world due to increased developmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). We earlier reported that neonatal exposure to endocrine disruption resulted in reduced numbers of seminiferous tubules in Stage VIII, decreased sperm count, and infertility along with testicular tumors in 65% of diethylstilbestrol (DES) treated mice. Epigenetic changes due to EDCs, pushed the VSELs out of a quiescent state to enter cell cycle and undergo excessive self-renewal while transition of c-KIT- stem cells into c-KIT + germ cells was blocked due to altered MMR axis (Np95, Pcna, Dnmts), global hypomethylation (reduced expression of 5-methylcytosine) and loss of imprinting at Igf2-H19 and Dlk1-Meg3 loci.