Predisposition and Working Conditions for the Occurrence of Lumbar Syndrome in Medical Workers of the Clinical Center of Montenegro during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Lumbar pain is a condition of discomfort in the lower back caused by numerous factors, lasting for short or longer periods of time. Healthcare professionals, regardless of the type of care they are engaged in, are at risk of lumbar pain. This is the first study that deals with the problem of lumbar syndrome in health workers in Montenegro.

Early Screening for the Parkinson Variant of Multiple System Atrophy: A 6-Item Score.

Background: A 4-item score based on ≥2 features out of orthostatic hypotension, overactive bladder, urinary retention and postural instability was previously shown to early distinguish the Parkinson-variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) from Parkinson's disease (PD) with 78% sensitivity and 86% specificity.

Objectives: To replicate and improve the 4-item MSA-P score.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 161 patients with early parkinsonism [ie, ≤2 years disease duration or no postural instability, aged 64 (57; 68) years, 44% females] and a diagnosis of clinically established MSA-P (n = 38) or PD (n = 123) after ≥24 months follow-up.

Epirubicin for the Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock (EPOS-1): study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled phase IIa dose-escalation trial.

Introduction: Sepsis remains the major cause of death among hospitalised patients in intensive care. While targeting sepsis-causing pathogens with source control or antimicrobials has had a dramatic impact on morbidity and mortality of sepsis patients, this strategy remains insufficient for about one-third of the affected individuals who succumb. Pharmacological targeting of mechanisms that reduce sepsis-defining organ dysfunction may be beneficial.

Major cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular monosodium urate deposits in atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective: To determine the association of cardiovascular atherosclerotic plaque monosodium urate deposits with the occurrence of major cardiovascular events in gout and hyperuricemia patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with clinically suspicion of gout, who performed a dual energy computed tomography of the affected limb and thorax between June 1st, 2012 and December 5th, 2019. Clinical and laboratory parameters were retrieved from patientś charts.

Imbalance of Iron Availability and Demand in Patients With Acute and Chronic Heart Failure.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is a frequent comorbidity in patients with acute (AHF) and chronic heart failure (CHF) associated with morbidity and death. We aimed to better characterize iron homeostasis in patients with heart failure applying different biomarkers and to evaluate the accuracy of current ID definition by the European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association to indicate tissue iron availability and demand.

Methods And Results: We performed a retrospective cohort study investigating 277 patients with AHF and 476 patients with CHF between February 2021 and May 2022.

2-Step Scores with optional nephropathology for the prediction of adverse outcomes for brain-dead donor kidneys in Eurotransplant.

Background: The decision to accept or discard the increasingly rare and marginal brain-dead donor kidneys in Eurotransplant (ET) countries has to be made without solid evidence. Thus, we developed and validated flexible clinicopathological scores called 2-Step Scores for the prognosis of delayed graft function (DGF) and 1-year death-censored transplant loss (1y-tl) reflecting the current practice of six ET countries including Croatia and Belgium.

Methods: The training set was n = 620 for DGF and n = 711 for 1y-tl, with validation sets n = 158 and n = 162, respectively.

Glutamate Signaling in Patients With Parkinson Disease With REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.

Background And Objectives: Clinical heterogeneity of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is well recognized. PD with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a more malignant phenotype with faster motor progression and higher nonmotor symptom burden. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this clinical divergence concerning imbalances in neurotransmitter systems remain elusive.

Potential of GPT-4 for Detecting Errors in Radiology Reports: Implications for Reporting Accuracy.

Background Errors in radiology reports may occur because of resident-to-attending discrepancies, speech recognition inaccuracies, and large workload. Large language models, such as GPT-4 (ChatGPT; OpenAI), may assist in generating reports. Purpose To assess effectiveness of GPT-4 in identifying common errors in radiology reports, focusing on performance, time, and cost-efficiency.

Perceived Physical Health and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Supportive Psychotherapy Outcomes in Adults With Late-Life Depression: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Physical diseases co-occur with late-life depression (LLD). The influence of physical diseases and the subjective perception of physical health (PPH) on treatment outcome in LLD, however, is not well understood.

Objective: To assess the association of physical diseases and PPH with the outcomes of 2 different types of psychotherapy in LLD.

Which parameters influence cognitive, psychiatric and long-term seizure outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy after selective amygdalohippocampectomy?

Background: We aimed to analyze potentially prognostic factors which could have influence on postoperative seizure, neuropsychological and psychiatric outcome in a cohort of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) due to hippocampal sclerosis (HS) after selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) via transsylvian approach.

Methods: Clinical variables of 171 patients with drug-resistant MTLE with HS (88 females) who underwent SAHE between 1994 and 2019 were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, to investigate which of the explanatory parameters can best predict the outcome.

Results: At the last available follow-up visit 12.

How to design effective educational videos for teaching evidence-based medicine to undergraduate learners - systematic review with complementing qualitative research to develop a practicable guide.

Background: eLearning can be an effective tool to achieve learning objectives. It facilitates asynchronous distance learning, increasing flexibility for learners and instructors. In this context, the high educational value of videos provides an invaluable primary component for longitudinal digital curricula, especially for maintaining knowledge on otherwise rarely taught subjects.

Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy.

The oncogenicity of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently being widely debated. Most recently, mounting clinical evidence suggests an anti-cancer effect via CMV-induced T cell-mediated tumor destruction. However, the data were mostly obtained from single-center studies and in vitro experiments.

SARS-CoV-2 Test-to-Stay in Daycare.

Background And Objectives: Test-to-stay concepts apply serial testing of children in daycare after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 without use of quarantine. This study aims to assess the safety of a test-to-stay screening in daycare facilities.

Methods: 714 daycare facilities and approximately 50 000 children ≤6 years in Cologne, Germany participated in a SARS-CoV-2 Pool-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening from March 2021 to April 2022.

Physical exercise for people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Physical exercise is effective in managing Parkinson's disease (PD), but the relative benefit of different exercise types remains unclear.

Objectives: To compare the effects of different types of physical exercise in adults with PD on the severity of motor signs, quality of life (QoL), and the occurrence of adverse events, and to generate a clinically meaningful treatment ranking using network meta-analyses (NMAs).

Search Methods: An experienced information specialist performed a systematic search for relevant articles in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and five other databases to 17 May 2021.

Perinatal photoperiod associations with bipolar disorder and depression: A systematic literature review and cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank database.

Season-of-birth associations with psychiatric disorders point to environmental (co-)aetiological factors such as natural photoperiod that, if clarified, may allow interventions toward prevention. We systematically reviewed the literature concerning season-of-birth and bipolar disorder and depression and explored associations between the perinatal natural photoperiod and these outcomes in a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank database. We used mean daily photoperiod and relative photoperiod range (relative to the mean) in the 3rd trimester and, separately, in the first 3 months post birth as metrics.

Determinants of malaria prevention and control at household level in Assam: An analysis of data using composite index.

Background: Malaria prevention and control is a major public health problem of tropical countries including India. Usage of insecticide-treated bed nets, and early treatment especially in high-risk areas are the crucial factors for the malaria prevention at household levels. This study aimed to determine the crucial factors associated with malaria prevention at households' level such as household's characteristics, education, knowledge and awareness, insecticide treated bed nets usage, early treatment etc.

A nonparametric relative treatment effect for direct comparisons of censored paired survival outcomes.

A frequently addressed issue in clinical trials is the comparison of censored paired survival outcomes, for example, when individuals were matched based on their characteristics prior to the analysis. In this regard, a proper incorporation of the dependence structure of the paired censored outcomes is required and, up to now, appropriate methods are only rarely available in the literature. Moreover, existing methods are not motivated by the strive for insights by means of an easy-to-interpret parameter.

Acceptance and utilization of web-based self-help for caregivers of children with externalizing disorders.

Background: Web-based self-help interventions for parents of children with ADHD and other externalizing disorders have been proven to be effective. In order to recommend individualized and optimized interventions, a better understanding of the acceptance and utilization of this innovative treatment approach is needed. Previous research has frequently employed subjective reports of utilization, but the validity of these studies may be limited.

Hospitalisation expenditure on tuberculosis among tribal populations in India: A repeated cross-sectional analysis of national sample survey data, 2004 to 2018.

Objective: Tribal population in India (8.6% of the total population) have a greater prevalence of tuberculosis compared to the national average. The article aims to study out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE), hardship financing, and impoverishment effects of TB hospitalisation treatment among tribal populations in India.

Randomized comparison of HARVesting the Left Internal Thoracic Artery in a skeletonized versus pedicled technique: the HARVITA trial-study protocol.

Latest research has indicated a potential adverse effect on graft patency rates and clinical outcomes with skeletonizing the left internal thoracic artery. We aim to provide a prospective, randomized, multicentre trial to compare skeletonized versus pedicled harvesting technique of left internal thoracic artery concerning graft patency rates and patient survival. A total of 1350 patients will be randomized to either skeletonized or pedicled harvesting technique and undergo surgical revascularization.

Palliative care for in-patient malignant glioma patients in Germany.

Objective: Malignant gliomas impose a significant symptomatic burden on patients and their families. Current guidelines recommend palliative care for patients with advanced tumors within eight weeks of diagnosis, emphasizing early integration for malignant glioma cases. However, the utilization rate of palliative care for these patients in Germany remains unquantified.

Incidence and risk factors for HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Cologne-Bonn region: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) is considerably increased in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). However, incidence of HIV/TB coinfection is difficult to assess as surveillance data are lacking in many countries. Here, we aimed to perform a quantitative analysis of HIV/TB coinfections within the Cologne/Bonn HIV cohort and to determine risk factors for active TB.

COVID-19 outbreak among employees of a German hospital: risk factor analysis based on a follow-up questionnaire and seroprevalence.

Background: The Co-FriSero study describes a COVID-19 outbreak at the Friedrichroda hospital in Thuringia, Germany, with 185 beds and 404 employees, at the onset of the pandemic between March 30th, 2020, and April 13th, 2020. This study aimed to analyze potential sources of SARS-CoV-2 transmission amongst hospital employees.

Methods: After the outbreak, a comprehensive follow-up was conducted through a questionnaire and a seroprevalence study using two different immunoassays for IgG detection and a third for discordant results.