Genome-wide association studies for a comprehensive understanding of the genetic architecture of culm strength and yield traits in rice.

Lodging resistance in rice is a complex trait determined by culm morphological and culm physical strength traits, and these traits are a major determinant of yield. We made a detailed analysis of various component traits with the aim of deriving optimized parameters for measuring culm strength. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS)-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) was employed among 181 genotypes for dissecting the genetic control of culm strength traits.

Mitochondrial markers differentiate two distinct phylogenetic groups in indigenous rice landraces of northeast India: an evolutionary insight.

The inheritance of the mitochondria genome and its diversity is unique for genetic and evolutionary studies relative to nuclear genomes. Northeast India and Himalayan regions are considered as one of the centres of rice origin. Also, rice diversity in northeast India is very distinct and highly suited for evolutionary studies.

In-silico evolutionary analysis of plant-OBERON proteins during compatible MYMV infection in respect of improving host resistance.

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) of pulses caused by mungbean yellow mosaic virus is a major threat to crop production. An infection that is compatible with regulating and interacting host proteins and the virus causes YMD. Oberon families of proteins OBE1-4 and VIN1-4 are imperative for plants, functions in meristem and vascular development, and were also regulated during compatible disease infection.

A chloroplast Glycolate catabolic pathway bypassing the endogenous photorespiratory cycle enhances photosynthesis, biomass and yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Photorespiration accounts for 20-50 % reduction in grain yield in C crops. The process is essential to remove 2-phosphoglycolate produced due to the oxygenation activity of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) enzyme. Attempts were made to improve photosynthesis through enriched CO concentration by installing numerous photorespiratory bypass modules in the chloroplast of several crops.

From gene to biomolecular networks: a review of evidences for understanding complex biological function in plants.

Although at the infancy stage, biomolecular network biology is a comprehensive approach to understand complex biological function in plants. Recent advancements in the accumulation of multi-omics data coupled with computational approach have accelerated our current understanding of the complexities of gene function at the system level. Biomolecular networks such as protein-protein interaction, co-expression and gene regulatory networks have extensively been used to decipher the intricacies of transcriptional reprogramming of hundreds of genes and their regulatory interaction in response to various environmental perturbations mainly in the model plant Arabidopsis.

A single nucleotide substitution in the SPDT transporter gene reduced phytic acid and increased mineral bioavailability from Rice grain (Oryza sativa L.).

Phosphorus (P) flow in agricultural land depends on the P taken off from harvested product, its losses through runoff and fertilizer applied to balance the removed P. Phytic acid (PA), the major storage form of phosphorus (P) in cereal grains is a key anti-nutrient for human and non-ruminants leads to eutrophication of waterways. As the natural non-renewable P reserves are limited, enhancing P use efficiency is needed for field crops.

Phytic acid: Blessing in disguise, a prime compound required for both plant and human nutrition.

Phytic acid (PA), [myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate] is the principal storage compound of phosphorus (P) and account for 65%-85% of the seeds total P. The negative charge on PA attracts and chelates metal cations resulting in a mixed insoluble salt, phytate. Phytate contains six negatively charged ions, chelates divalent cations such as Fe, Zn, Mg, and Ca rendering them unavailable for absorption by monogastric animals.