First Report of ' Phytoplasma asteris' (16SrI-B subgroup) associated with stunting and little leaves of guar ( L.) in the world.

Guar or cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) is a leguminous crop well-suited for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions. India accounts for 90% of world's guar production.

Do different wheat ploidy levels respond differently against stripe rust infection: Interplay between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant defense system?

Wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) is the most damaging wheat disease, causing substantial losses in global wheat production and productivity.

Harnessing the power of genomics to develop climate-smart crop varieties: A comprehensive review.

Abiotic stresses arising as consequences of climate change pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity on a global scale. Most cultivated crop varieties exhibit susceptibility to such environmental pressures as drought, salinity, and waterlogging. Addressing these abiotic stresses through agronomic means is not only financially burdensome but also often impractical, particularly in the case of abiotic stresses like heat stress.

Identification of resistance sources and genomic regions regulating Septoria tritici blotch resistance in South Asian bread wheat germplasm.

The Septoria tritici blotch (STB) [Zymoseptoria tritici (Desm.)] of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is characterized by its polycyclic and hemibiotrophic nature.

Impact of spot blotch pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana on important seed quality parameters in wheat and its management with biocontrol agents and newer fungicide molecules.

Spot blotch disease is prominent amongst several biotic stresses challenging wheat yield and quality. The impact of seed inoculation with Bipolaris sorokiniana, on important wheat seed quality of popular cultivar (cv.) DBW 187, was estimated in comparison to susceptible check WH 147.

Dissecting the rust resistance in salt tolerant wheat germplasm.

Wheat is one of the most important food crop cultivated across the globe which ensures sustainability and food security to massive world's population, but its production is threatened by both biotic factors like rust (caused by species) and abiotic stresses such as salinity. In this study, 41 salt-tolerant wheat lines were screened for rust resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages. Rust resistance genes were characterized through gene matching technique and molecular markers analysis.

Unraveling the Secrets of Early-Maturity and Short-Duration Bread Wheat in Unpredictable Environments.

In response to the escalating challenges posed by unpredictable environmental conditions, the pursuit of early maturation in bread wheat has emerged as a paramount research endeavor. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape of strategies and implications surrounding the unlocking of early maturation in bread wheat varieties. Drawing upon a synthesis of cutting-edge research in genetics, physiology, and environmental science, this review elucidates the intricate mechanisms underlying early maturation and its potential ramifications for wheat cultivation in dynamic environments.

Physical map of QTL for eleven agronomic traits across fifteen environments, identification of related candidate genes, and development of KASP markers with emphasis on terminal heat stress tolerance in common wheat.

Key message This study identified stable QTL, promising candidate genes and developed novel KASP markers for heat tolerance, providing genomic resources to assist breeding for the development of high-yielding and heat-tolerant wheat germplasm and varieties. To understand the genetic architecture of eleven agronomic traits under heat stress, we used a doubled-haploid population (177 lines) derived from a heat-sensitive cultivar (PBW343) and a heat-tolerant genotype (KSG1203). This population was evaluated under timely, late and very late sown conditions over locations and years comprising fifteen environments.

Edible mushrooms trending in food: Nutrigenomics, bibliometric, from bench to valuable applications.

The worldwide consumption, health-promoting and nutritional properties of mushrooms have been extensively researched over a decade. Although, wide range of edible mushrooms is still unexplored, which can be a valuable source of bioactive compounds in dietary supplements and biopharma industry. Mushrooms represent as dynamic source of nutrients lacking in food from plant or animal origin thus, considered as vital functional food utilized for prevention of numerous diseases.

Novel resistance loci for quantitative resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in Asian wheat (Triticum aestivum) via genome-wide association study.

Background: Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease causes yield losses of up to 50 per cent in susceptible wheat cultivars and can reduce wheat production. In this study, genomic architecture for adult-plant STB resistance in a Septoria Association Mapping Panel (SAMP) having 181 accessions and genomic regions governing STB resistance in a South Asian wheat panel were looked for.

Results: Field experiments during the period from 2019 to 2021 revealed those certain accessions, namely BGD52 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), BGD54 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), IND92 (WH 1218), IND8 (DBW 168), and IND75 (PBW 800), exhibited a high level of resistance.

Augmenting the basis of lodging tolerance in wheat () under natural and simulated conditions.

In wheat (Triticum aestivum ), canopy architecture, culm diameter and stem strength are the key providers of lodging tolerance. To better understand the lodging phenomenon and determine the best linked trait to lodging, a study of lodging resistance was conducted in both artificially-induced and natural lodging conditions. Various morphological, phenological and biochemical traits, such as acid detergent fibre, acid detergent lignin, cellulose and activity of lignin-synthesising enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia lyase and tyrosine ammonia lyase) were recorded.

Identification and functional characterization of the npc-2-like domain containing rust effector protein that suppresses cell death in plants.

The MD-2-related lipid-recognition (ML/Md-2) domain is a lipid/sterol-binding domain that are involved in sterol transfer and innate immunity in eukaryotes. Here we report a genome-wide survey of this family, identifying 84 genes in 30 fungi including plant pathogens. All the studied species were found to have varied ML numbers, and expansion of the family was observed in Rhizophagus irregularis (RI) with 33 genes.

Screening of CIMMYT and South Asian Bread Wheat Germplasm Reveals Marker-Trait Associations for Seedling Resistance to Septoria Nodorum Blotch.

Wheat ( L.) production is adversely impacted by Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), a fungal disease caused by . Wheat breeders are constantly up against this biotic challenge as they try to create resistant cultivars.

GWAS elucidated grain yield genetics in Indian spring wheat under diverse water conditions.

Underpinned natural variations and key genes associated with yield under different water regimes, and identified genomic signatures of genetic gain in the Indian wheat breeding program. A novel KASP marker for TKW under water stress was developed and validated. A comprehensive genome-wide association study was conducted on 300 spring wheat genotypes to elucidate the natural variations associated with grain yield and its eleven contributing traits under fully irrigated, restricted water, and simulated no water conditions.

Epigenetic regulation of abiotic stress responses in plants.

Plants face a wide array of challenges in their environment, both from living organisms (biotic stresses) and non-living factors (abiotic stresses). Among the major abiotic stressors affecting crop plants, variations in temperature, water availability, salinity, and cold pose significant threats to crop yield and the quality of produce. Plants possess remarkable adaptability and resilience, and they employ a range of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms to respond and cope with abiotic stresses.

Development, characterization, and evaluation of Zn-SA-chitosan bionanoconjugates on wheat seed, experiencing chilling stress during germination.

This study aimed to develop and characterize the chitosan bionanoconjugates (BNCs) loaded with zinc (Zn) and salicylic acid (SA) and test their efficacy on wheat seed exposed to chilling stress. BNCs developed were spherical (480 ± 6.0 nm), porous, and positively charged (+25.

Impact of foliar application of iron and zinc fertilizers on grain iron, zinc, and protein contents in bread wheat ( L.).

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), are prevalent in a large part of the human population across the world, especially in children below 5 years of age and pregnant women in developing countries. Since wheat constitutes a significant proportion of the human diet, improving grain Fe and Zn content in wheat has become important in improving human health.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the effect of foliar application of iron sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO.

Deciphering the Genomic Landscape and Virulence Mechanisms of the Wheat Powdery Mildew Pathogen f. sp. Wtn1: Insights from Integrated Genome Assembly and Conidial Transcriptomics.

A high-quality genome sequence from an Indian isolate of f. sp. Wtn1, a persistent threat in wheat farming, was obtained using a hybrid method.

Genome-wide expression analysis of novel heat-responsive microRNAs and their targets in contrasting wheat genotypes at reproductive stage under terminal heat stress.

Introduction: Heat stress at terminal stage of wheat is critical and leads to huge yield losses worldwide. microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant regulatory roles in gene expression associated with abiotic and biotic stress at the post-transcriptional level.

Methods: In the present study, we carried out a comparative analysis of miRNAs and their targets in flag leaves as well as developing seeds of heat tolerant (RAJ3765) and heat susceptible (HUW510) wheat genotypes under heat stress and normal conditions using small RNA and degradome sequencing.

Beta-Glucan as a Soluble Dietary Fiber Source: Origins, Biosynthesis, Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Bioavailability, Biofunctional Attributes, Industrial Utilization, and Global Trade.

This paper explores the multifaceted nature of β-glucan, a notable dietary fiber (DF) with extensive applications. Beginning with an in-depth examination of its intricate polysaccharide structure, the discussion extends to diverse sources like oats, barley, mushrooms, and yeast, emphasizing their unique compositions. The absorption and metabolism of β-glucan in the human body are scrutinized, emphasizing its potential health benefits.

Postharvest handling of ethylene with oxidative and absorptive means.

Unlabelled: Fruit ripening is an unfolding of a series of genetically-programmed modifications and tend to be highly orchestrated irrevocable phenomenon mediated by ethylene. Phytohormone ethylene also leads to over-ripening, senescence, loss of texture, microbial attack, reduced post-harvest life and other associated problems during storage and transportation of fruits. Its harmful impacts on fresh fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals result in substantial product losses even up to 80%.

Unravelling the novel genetic diversity and marker-trait associations of corn leaf aphid resistance in wheat using microsatellite markers.

The study was conducted to identify novel simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers associated with resistance to corn aphid (CLA), Rhopalosiphum maidis L. in 48 selected bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild wheat (Aegilops spp.