Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in gastrointestinal tracts and gills of croaker fish (Johnius dussumieri) from off Mumbai coastal waters of India.

The present study was conducted to establish the intensity of microplastic pollution in demersal fish species, Johnius dussumieri, from the north eastern coastal waters of the Arabian sea. MP recovered were analysed for size, morphology, colour, and polymer type. The study results indicated that the GI tract and gills of individual fishes had 6.

In vivo anti-lipidemic and antioxidant potential of collagen peptides obtained from great hammerhead shark skin waste.

Unlabelled: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of fish collagen peptides (FCP) derived from the skin of great hammerhead shark () in attenuating the high fat diet-alcohol induced hyperlipidemia. The oral supplementation of FCP in high fat diet-alcohol fed experimental rats confirmed the regulation of body weight to normal level. The FCP treated group revealed the efficient lipid lowering ability by enhancing the cholesterol metabolism.

Antioxidant properties of papain mediated protein hydrolysates from fresh water carps (, and ) and its application on inhibition of lipid oxidation in oil sardine mince during ice storage.

Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) from fresh water carps , and were prepared with 5, 10, 15 and 20% degree of hydrolysis (DH) using papain enzyme. FPH were evaluated for antioxidant properties using in vitro assays such as DPPH free radical scavenging activity (at 10 mg/ml), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (at 20 mg/ml) and linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition activity (at 10 mg/ml). Antioxidant properties of FPH varied with species and DH.

Effect of pressure cooking alone and in combination with other treatments on shrimp allergic protein, tropomyosin.

Shrimp allergen, tropomyosin is a highly heat stable allergen a common causative of shrimp allergy in sensitive individuals. Effect of house hold pressure cooking on immunogenicity of shrimp allergen, topomyosin from was investigated in both shrimp extract and peeled shrimp by extending the time of pressure cooking to 5, 10 and 20 min. Soaked shrimps in salt, baking soda, papain and acetic acid along with pressure cooking was also investigated.

Non-diarrhoeic pigs as source of highly virulent and multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella.

Food-producing animals act as reservoirs of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars with potential food safety and public health implications. The present cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence of Salmonella serotypes in non-diarrhoeic pigs and characterizing the isolates using molecular tools. Salmonella isolates (n = 22) recovered from faecal samples of 194 randomly selected pigs were characterized for virulence and antimicrobial resistance and subtyped using XbaI-PFGE.

Multi-drug resistance, integron and transposon-mediated gene transfer in heterotrophic bacteria from Penaeus vannamei and its culture environment.

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in bacteria is regarded as an emerging pollutant in different food production avenues including aquaculture. One hundred and sixty out of 2304 bacterial isolates from shrimp farm samples (n = 192) of Andhra Pradesh, India, were MDR. Based on biochemical identification and 16S rRNA sequencing, they were grouped into 35 bacterial species with the predominance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (12.

Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and withdrawal period of antibiotic oxytetracycline in catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus.

The antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) has been widely used for therapeutic and preventive management of bacterial diseases in finfish and shellfish. In the present study the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and withdrawal period of the OTC have been determined following in-feed administration in intensively cultured catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic parameters of oral route were also compared with parenteral route.

Whole-genome sequence analysis of Staphylococcus aureus from retail fish acknowledged the incidence of highly virulent ST672-MRSA-IVa/t1309, an emerging Indian clone, in Assam, India.

The epidemiology and toxigenicity of MRSA in the fishery environment are poorly understood. In this study, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (n = 1) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (n = 2) from retail fish were subjected to comprehensive genome analysis.

Antioxidant defense of fish collagen peptides attenuates oxidative stress in gastric mucosa of experimentally ulcer-induced rats.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of fish collagen peptides (FCP) from the skin of great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran) to avert the occurrence of gastric ulcer in experimental rats. FCP treatment prevented the formation of ulcerative lesions on gastric tissues with 86% of inhibition. The histopathology analysis of gastric tissue revealed that the FCP intake prevented the occurrence of hemorrhage and erosion in gastric tissue with formation of mild edema and necrosis, as well as normalized the pH and volume of gastric juice.

Influence of dietary emamectin benzoate on the biological responses of monosex (all-male) Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fries.

The application of antiparasitic drugs plays a crucial role in the removal of infectious parasites in aquaculture. Emamectin benzoate (EB) is predominantly used as a feed premix against ectoparasites on temperate fish. This study evaluated the influence of 14 days of EB-dosing at 0-10 times the recommended dose (1X: 50 μg/kg biomass/day) on the biological responses and accrual/depletion of EB-residues in a tropical fish monosex Oreochromis niloticus fries.

Exploiting of Secondary Raw Materials from Fish Processing Industry as a Source of Bioactive Peptide-Rich Protein Hydrolysates.

Developing peptide-based drugs are very promising to address many of the lifestyle mediated diseases which are prevalent in a major portion of the global population. As an alternative to synthetic peptide-based drugs, derived peptides from natural sources have gained a greater attention in the last two decades. Aquatic organisms including plants, fish and shellfish are known as a rich reservoir of parent protein molecules which can offer novel sequences of amino acids in peptides, having unique bio-functional properties upon hydrolyzing with proteases from different sources.

Antibiotic Resistance Profiles and Molecular Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing and Isolated From Shrimp Aquaculture Farms in Kerala, India.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and in selected shrimp aquaculture farms ( = 37) in Kerala, South India and to characterize the isolates using molecular tools. Overall, a low prevalence of ESBL-producers was found in the farms, most likely due to the reduced antibiotic usage in the shrimp farming sector. Out of the 261 samples (77 shrimp and 92 each of water and sediment), 14 (5.

Virulence and intermediate resistance to high-end antibiotic (teicoplanin) among coagulase-negative staphylococci sourced from retail market fish.

This study reports the distribution of enterotoxigenic determinants among staphylococci and the susceptibility of staphylococci to various classes of antibiotics. We observed all the isolates as resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and a few as resistant to non-beta-lactam antibiotics such as clindamycin (47.4%), erythromycin (44.

Antibiotic resistance of culturable heterotrophic bacteria isolated from shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) aquaculture ponds.

Shrimp aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food-producing avenues, where antibiotics usage has become an issue of great concern due to the development of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. A total of 2304 bacterial isolates from 192 samples (sediment, water, shrimp, and source water) from Andhra Pradesh, India were screened. Antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates was highest for oxytetracycline (23.

Genotypes and phenotypes of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from shrimp aquaculture farms.

The population of methicillin-resistant (MR) staphylococci in aquatic environment is rarely investigated. Here, we characterized a collection of MR staphylococci recovered from shrimp aquaculture farms (n = 37) in Kerala, India. A total of 261 samples yielded 47 MR isolates (16 S.

Pufferfish poisoning from Arothron stellatus: The first confirmed case in India with exact DNA sequencing-based species identification.

A puffer fish poisoning case was reported from the coastal city of Veraval in the Gujarat state of India with patient reporting symptoms of giddiness, vertigo, aphasia and heaviness of head following consumption of cooked fish. Treatment was purely symptomatic and supportive. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition after 4 days.

Predominance of genetically diverse ESBL Escherichia coli identified in resistance mapping of Vembanad Lake, the largest fresh-cum-brackishwater lake of India.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden in Escherichia coli along the 90 km stretch of Vembanad Lake, Kerala, India, was assessed. Seventy-seven percent of water samples drawn from 35 different stations of the lake harbored E. coli.

Iron-Enriched Fish Powder Improved Haemoglobin Levels in Adolescent Girls of West Jaintia Hills District of Meghalaya, India.

This study was carried out to assess the efficacy of sodium iron EDTA (NaFeEDTA) salt-enriched fish powder in addressing iron deficiency in adolescent anaemic girls. This was a 60-day randomised double-blinded, controlled intervention trial involving 123 girls age ranging from 10 to 19 years in three villages of West Jaintia Hills District of State of Meghalaya in India using soup made out of sodium iron EDTA (NaFeEDTA)-enriched fish powder (250 mg/100 g). The influence of the iron-enriched powder on blood haemoglobin levels and serum iron was determined.

Characterization of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa possessing the ctxB gene of the classical biotype isolated from well water associated with the cholera outbreak in Kerala, South India.

We investigated 22 water samples (17 well water and five pipe water - both chlorinated) and six soil samples from the surroundings of wells of the households of suspected patients from Palakkad district, Kerala (India), from where a cholera outbreak was reported during June-July 2016. A total of 25 Vibrio cholerae isolates were collected from three well water samples during a recent cholera outbreak. Biochemical and serological studies revealed that all of the isolates belonged to serogroup O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa.

Accumulation and clearance of tissue residues and health status of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) juveniles as influenced by the extended oral oxytetracycline-dosing.

Antibiotics are considered an important primary therapy for bacterial diseases in aquaculture. This study evaluated the influence of oral administration of oxytetracycline (OTC) on feed intake, growth, mortality, residue accumulation and clearance, and histopathological changes in the vital organs of six groups of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus when fed at 0-10 times the therapeutic dose (1×: 80 mg/kg biomass/day) for 10 and 20 consecutive days. The feed intake was reduced only slightly, viz.

Whole genome sequence analysis of multi drug resistant community associated methicillin resistant from food fish: detection of clonal lineage ST 28 and its antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (MRSA) sequence type 28 (ST 28) and spa type t021 is a CC30, prototype of ST-30, Community Associated-MRSA (CA-MRSA) (S-F +). It is a multi-drug resistant strain harbouring staphylococcal endotoxins, haemolysins, ureolysin, serine protease, and antimicrobial resistance genes. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of this MRSA isolated from the most commonly used food fish, ribbon fish ().

Dietary therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline negatively influences the antioxidant capacity and immune-related genes expression in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.).

Effects of the dietary therapeutic dose of oxytetracycline (OTC) at 80 mg/kg biomass/day for consecutive 10 days on the behaviour, feed intake, mortality, residue accumulation and depletion, antioxidant capacity and immune-related genes expression in juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were evaluated. OTC-dosing caused mortalities, reduced feed intake, and biomass reduction at 24.5-28.

Changes in biogenic amines, biochemical and microbial attributes of three spotted crab () during iced and refrigerated storage.

Three spotted crab () is a preferred variety of crab among seafood consumers. Biochemical, microbial and sensory characters along with formation of biogenic amines of whole crabs stored under iced and refrigerated condition was evaluated. Cadaverine, putrescine and spermidine were the major amines formed during spoilage and a strong correlation between cadaverine and psychrotrophs was observed in refrigerated (0.

A revisited two-step microtiter plate assay: Optimization of in vitro multiplicity of infection (MOI) for Coliphage and Vibriophage.

A 2-step microtiter plate assay was developed to simultaneously check wide values of MOIs of bacteriophages, ranging between MOI-0.0001 and MOI-10000 in the first step and optimize the most suitable MOI (lowest quantity of phage) for inhibiting the growth of the target bacteria in the second step. The results of the first step revealed that the effective MOI of coliphage-ɸ5 for controlling the growth of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) E.