Whole-Genome Sequencing of Antimicrobial Resistant , a Novel Sequence Type 5655 from Retail Fish Market, Assam, India.

is a recently described species that can be differentiated from . However, in clinical settings, they are frequently misidentified as . In this study, our objective was to conduct genomic characterization and bioinformatics analysis of subsp.

Characterizing tick diversity among caprine hosts of Kerala, India: a phylogenetic study.

Background: Ticks are prominent vectors of numerous pathogens that adversely affect human and animal health. Monitoring tick population dynamics is key in developing ideal tick-borne disease surveillance systems and critical vector control programmes. This study aimed to conduct the morphological and molecular characterization of ticks infesting domesticated goats in Kerala, India.

Ties that bind: understanding One Health networks and participation for zoonoses prevention and control in India.

Background: Cross-sectoral collaborations as exemplified by the One Health approach, are widely endorsed as pragmatic avenues for addressing zoonotic diseases, but operationalisation remain limited in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs). Complexities and competing interests and agendas of key stakeholders and the underlying politico-administrative context can all shape outcomes of collaborative arrangements. Evidence is building that organised collaborations are complex political initiatives where different objectives; individual and institutional agendas need to be reconciled to incentivise collaborations.

In Silico Development of a Multi-Epitope Subunit Vaccine against Bluetongue Virus in Using Immunoinformatics.

The bluetongue virus (BTV), transmitted by biting midges, poses a significant threat to livestock globally. This orbivirus induces bluetongue disease, leading to substantial economic losses in the agricultural sector. The current control measures have limitations, necessitating the development of novel, efficient vaccines.

Identification of molecular and cellular infection response biomarkers associated with anthrax infection through comparative analysis of gene expression data.

Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive bacillus capable of forming spores, causes anthrax in mammals, including humans, and is recognized as a potential biological weapon agent. The diagnosis of anthrax is challenging due to variable symptoms resulting from exposure and infection severity. Despite the availability of a licensed vaccines, their limited long-term efficacy underscores the inadequacy of current human anthrax vaccines, highlighting the urgent need for next-generation alternatives.

Anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activities of Pasteurella multocida strains.

A total of 52 Pasteurella multocida strains of capsular serogroups (A, B and D) were screened for anti-quorum sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum. Of which, 12 strains of serogroups A were found to possess anti-quorum sensing activity. Inhibition activity was highest for strain NIVEDIPm9 and lowest for strain NIVEDIPm30 based on zone of pigment inhibition.

Evaluation of virulence determinants and cell surface properties associated with biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli from livestock and poultry origin.

Antibiotic resistance poses a persistent threat to modern medicine due to the emergence of novel antibiotic-resistant strains. Therefore, a timely understanding of antibiotic resistance and the virulence biology of pathogenic bacteria, particularly those of public health significance, is crucial for implementing effective mitigation strategies. This study aimed to investigate the virulence profiles of ten S.

Pathological, immunological and molecular epidemiological analysis of lumpy skin disease virus in Indian cattle during a high-mortality epidemic.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically significant, emerging viral disease of Cattle and Buffaloes. This study aimed to investigate the causes of high mortality in a recent LSD epidemic in India. We examined 1618 animals across seventy outbreaks and conducted post-mortem on 48 cattle out of 513 clinically suspected LSD cases.

Production of highly soluble and immuno-reactive recombinant flagellin protein of Clostridium chauvoei.

Objective: Flagellin protein, an integral component of flagella, provides motility to several bacterial species and also acts as a candidate antigen in diagnostics and subunit vaccines. The bulk production of flagellin with retention of all conformational epitopes using recombinant protein technology is of paramount importance in the development of pathogen-specific immuno-assays and vaccines. We describe the production of highly soluble and immuno-reactive rFliA(C) protein of Clostridium chauvoei, a causative agent of blackleg or black quarter (BQ) affecting cattle and small ruminants worldwide.

Transmission patterns of malignant catarrhal fever in sheep and cattle in Karnataka, India.

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) presents a sporadic yet significant threat to livestock and wildlife. A comprehensive investigation in Karnataka, India into the prevalence and transmission patterns of sheep-associated MCF (SA-MCF) was conducted. A total of 507 sheep peripheral blood leukocyte samples from 13 districts along with 27 cows and 10 buffalo samples from various regions in Karnataka were tested for SA-MCF infection i.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Leptospirosis in High-Risk Occupational Groups in the State of Gujarat as Determined by IgM ELISA and MAT Test: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonosis affecting humans and animals worldwide in tropical and subtropical countries. The study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in high-risk occupational groups (cattle farm workers, poultry farm workers, and slaughterhouse workers) in the state of Gujarat and to determine related risk factors for leptospirosis.

Methods: Using an interview-guided questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted involving 123 people in high-risk occupational groups (namely, cattle farm workers, poultry farm workers, and slaughterhouse workers) from five districts of the state of Gujarat, India.

Development of classical swine fever virus E2-protein based indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies against the virus in pigs.

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically important and highly contagious disease of pigs caused by CSF virus, genus Pestivirus. Serological diagnosis of the disease is highly valuable for surveillance and thereby containment of spread of the disease. In this study, we have demonstrated the development of CSFV envelope glycoprotein E2-based indirect ELISA (E2-iELISA) for the detection of CSFV specific antibodies.

Epidemiological, Pathological, and Molecular Studies on Sheeppox Disease Outbreaks in Karnataka, India.

An epidemiological study spanning twelve years has revealed that sheeppox disease is both widespread and endemic, predominantly surging during the winter and summer seasons. This investigation focused on sheeppox across 11 field outbreaks, involving 889 animals from non-migratory flocks across six districts in Karnataka, in the southern peninsula of India. Among these, 105 animals exhibited clinical signs suggestive of sheeppox, such as lesions on the body, and 95 cases were confirmed through PCR testing.

Bluetongue Risk Map for Vaccination and Surveillance Strategies in India.

Bluetongue virus (BTV, : ) causes an economically important disease, namely, bluetongue (BT), in domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. BTV is endemic to South India and has occurred with varying severity every year since the virus was first reported in 1963. BT can cause high morbidity and mortality to sheep flocks in this region, resulting in serious economic losses to subsistence farmers, with impacts on food security.

Structural and sequence analysis of the RPO30 gene of sheeppox and goatpox viruses from India.

Sheeppox and goatpox are transboundary viral diseases of sheep and goats that cause significant economic losses to small and marginal farmers worldwide, including India. Members of the genus (CaPV), namely Sheeppox virus (SPPV), Goatpox virus (GTPV), and Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), are antigenically similar, and species differentiation can only be accomplished using molecular approaches. The present study aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology and host specificity of SPPV and GTPV circulating in India through sequencing and structural analysis of the RNA polymerase subunit-30 kDa () gene.

Spatial and temporal analysis of haemorrhagic septicaemia outbreaks in India over three decades (1987-2016).

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is an economically important disease affecting cattle and buffaloes and the livelihoods of small-holder farmers that depend upon them. The disease is caused by Gram-negative bacterium, Pasteurella multocida, and is considered to be endemic in many states of India with more than 25,000 outbreaks in the past three decades. Currently, there is no national policy for control of HS in India.

Genetic insights of antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity (virulence) and phylogenetic relationship of Escherichia coli strains isolated from livestock, poultry and their handlers - a one health snapshot.

Background: Pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli harbouring antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from any source (clinical samples, animal settings, or environment) might be transmitted and contribute to the spread and increase of antibiotic resistance in the biosphere. The goal of this study was to investigate the genome to decipher the repertoire of ARGs, virulence genes carried by E. coli strains isolated from livestock, poultry, and their handlers (humans), and then unveil the genetic relatedness between the strains.