Effects of prolonged oxytetracycline supplementation on freshwater stinging catfish (): a multi-biomarker approach.

Background: Aquaculture systems that sporadically depend on antibiotics can contribute to the development of adverse effects on the fish, microbial flora and the environment. This study sought to investigate the impacts of extended oxytetracycline supplementation on the freshwater stinging catfish through a multi-biomarker approach.

Methods: A total of 300 (20 ± 0.

Isolation and characterization of Saprolegnia parasitica from cage-reared Pangasianodon hypophthalmus and its sensitivity to different antifungal compounds.

Saprolegniasis is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of fish, causing significant mortality in fish hatcheries and young ones. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize the causative fungus from fingerlings of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus cultured intensively in freshwater cages in Indian reservoirs and to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations of different antifungal compounds against the fungal hyphae and zoospores. The fungal isolates grown on potato dextrose agar showed an abundance of gemmae, elongated mycelia, non-septate hyphae, primary zoospores, mature zoosporangia with numerous zoospores, cysts with bundles of long hairs and were further identified as Saprolegnia parasitica following PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer region.

Evaluation of a synergistic blend of short- and medium-chain fatty acids as a dietary intervention for the effective management of Vibriosis in shrimp culture.

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio spp. is imposing severe havoc and adverse effects on shrimp culture. Antibiotics are the most widely used therapeutic measures against vibriosis.

Gut microbes of a high-value marine fish, Snubnose Pompano (Trachinotus blochii) are resilient to therapeutic dosing of oxytetracycline.

Trachinotus blochii is a high-value tropical mariculture species. The present study evaluated the gut microbial impact of therapeutic exposure (80 mg/day/kg biomass for 10 days) to oxytetracycline, the most common aquaculture antibiotic in T. blochii.

Genome assembly at chromosome scale with telomere ends for Pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis.

The pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis is a climate resilient cichlid fish that exhibits unusual adaptation to salinity. The fish is able to complete full life cycle in diverse salinity habitats ranging from fresh water to marine environments. High-quality primary and phased genome assemblies were generated for pearlspot fish using PacBio HiFi and Arima HiC sequencing technologies, for the first time.

Assessing the effect of therapeutic level of oxytetracycline dihydrate on pharmacokinetics and biosafety in Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792).

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline dihydrate after a single oral administration of 80 mg kg day in rainbow trout and assess its biosafety at concentration of 80, 240, 400, and 800 mg kg day over 30 days, focusing on various aspects such as effective feed consumption, physiological responses, drug tolerance, and detection of low drug concentrations in rainbow trout. The pharmacokinetics study spanned a duration of 5 days, while the assessment of biosafety extended for a 30-day safety margin, followed by a subsequent 10-day residual analysis. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed slow absorption with low-rate constant in tissues.

Impact of graded doses of enrofloxacin on the safety and biological responses of Nile tilapia .

The cultivation of tilapias, the third most farmed fish group globally, has been rapidly growing, especially in Southeast Asia. This surge in tilapia farming intensification has led to increased use of antibiotics to control bacterial diseases. This study investigated the safety implications of administering graded doses of enrofloxacin (ENF) at 0 (control), 10, 30, 50 and 100 mg/kg biomass/day orally to .

In vitro efficacy of aquaculture antimicrobials and genetic determinants of resistance in bacterial isolates from tropical aquaculture disease outbreaks.

Understanding the efficacy of antimicrobials against pathogens from clinical samples is critical for their responsible use. The manuscript presents in vitro efficacy and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in seven species of fish pathogens from the disease outbreaks of Indian aquaculture against oxytetracycline, florfenicol, oxolinic acid, and enrofloxacin. In vitro efficacy was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.

Assessment of Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Oxolinic Acid in Rainbow Trout and Determination of In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Pathogenic Bacteria From Diseased Fish.

In response to the heightened risk of bacterial diseases in fish farms caused by increased demand for fish consumption and subsequent overcrowding, researchers are currently investigating the efficacy and residue management of oxolinic acid (OA) as a treatment for bacterial infections in fish. This research is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacokinetics of OA. The present study investigates pharmacokinetics of OA in juvenile rainbow trout.

Genome assembly, Full-length transcriptome, and isoform diversity of Red Snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus.

The mangrove red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus, is a marine food fish of economic and aquaculture importance. The application of genomic selection-based breeding programs for this species is limited by the absence of a reference genome and transcriptome profiles. The current study attempted to fill this void by generating genomic and transcriptomic resources for red snapper.

The Antibacterial Efficacy of a Compound Extracted from Marine Sediment Bacterium Enterococcus Lactis (S-2): A Comparative Analysis Through In-Vitro and In-Silico Assessments.

Background: Marine sediment bacteria have been generating considerable attention lately due to their potential as valuable reservoirs of novel antimicrobial agents.

Aim: In vitro and in silico antibacterial activities of antibacterial compounds isolated from the marine sediment bacterium Enterococcus Lactis (S-2).

Methods: Coastal sediment samples were collected from Rameswaram, Ramnathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.

Pharmacokinetics and residues of florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) post-oral gavage.

In the study on Oreochromis niloticus, singular oral gavage of florfenicol (FFC) at 15 mg/kg biomass/day was conducted, mimicking approved aquaculture dosing. Samples of plasma, bile, muscle, intestine, skin, liver, kidney, gill, and brain tissues were collected at 0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 64, 96, and 128 hours (h) after oral gavage. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed FFC concentrations peaked at 12.

Probiotic potential of a novel endophytic Streptomyces griseorubens CIBA-NS1 isolated from Salicornia sp. against Vibrio campbellii infection in shrimp.

A novel endophytic Streptomyces griseorubens CIBA-NS1 was isolated from a salt marsh plant Salicornia sp. The antagonistic effect of S. griseorubens against Vibrio campbellii, was studied both in vitro and in vivo.

Antibacterial activity of a short de novo designed peptide against fish bacterial pathogens.

In the face of increasing antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture, researchers are exploring novel substitutes to customary antibiotics. One potential solution is the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We aimed to design and evaluate a novel, short, and compositionally simple AMP with potent activity against various bacterial pathogens in aquaculture.

Meta-analysis to Unravel Core Transcriptomic Responses in Penaeus vannamei Exposed to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.

Shrimp farming, a dominant economic activity in coastal areas, is affected by different abiotic and biotic stress factors. These stressors, under poor management conditions, could affect growth and health of farmed animals. Understanding the common gene expressions in response to stress, regardless of the specific stress factor, holds significant importance in the field of functional genomics.

Intestinal Histopathological Aberrations in Oreochromis niloticus Juveniles upon Dietary Florfenicol Administration.

The aquaculture use of antibiotics can cause detrimental effects on fish organs and gut microbial dysbiosis. The impact of florfenicol (FFC) on fish intestinal histology, an approved antibiotic, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FFC on Oreochromis niloticus juveniles by administering FFC at 10 mg and 30 mg/kg biomass/day for 30 consecutive days to mimic long-term use.

Assessing safety, efficacy and residue depletion in golden mahseer, Tor putitora (Hamilton, 1822): biochemical and physiological responses to graded concentrations of oxytetracycline dietary supplementation.

The safety and effectiveness of oxytetracycline can potentially manage bacterial infections in fish. This, in turn, might reduce the concerns related to its use in aquaculture and human consumption, such as toxicity, antimicrobial resistance, and other associated risks. The primary objective of this study was to assess how adding oxytetracycline dihydrate to the diet affects its effectiveness, safety, and the presence of residues in T.

Complete mitochondrial genome of golden variant of freshwater fish (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): endemic to India.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the freshwater fish species was obtained, using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 with 2 × 150 bp paired-end sequencing. The mitogenome of is 16,738 bp in length (GenBank accession no.: OQ834146), comprised of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region, i.

Vertical transmission and prevalence of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in the wild spawning population of the Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus.

White spot disease, caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has historically been the most devastating disease in shrimp aquaculture industry across the world. The mode of virus transmission is the most crucial stage in the dynamics and management of virus infection. This study explored the mechanism of vertical transmission of WSSV in Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus, potential native species for domestication and genetic improvement, using quantitative real time PCR (q RT PCR), light and electron microscopy, and in situ hybridization.

Transcriptomic variations associated with salinity stress in Penaeus indicus.

Background: The Indian white shrimp, Penaeus indicus a native species of India, is important brackishwater aquaculture species. Shrimps are euryhaline in nature and they regulate osmotic and ionic concentrations by osmoregulatory process. However, variations in abiotic factors such as salinity result in stress to the shrimps during culture period affecting their growth and immunity.

Safety, tolerability and biological responses of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles upon oral oxolinic acid administration.

In aquaculture, oxolinic acid (OA) is used as a second-line treatment at 12 mg/kg biomass/day for seven consecutive days. The present study evaluated the biosafety of 21 days of dietary administration of OA at 0, 12, 36, 60 and 120 mg by assessing the growth, biochemical, erythrocytic morphological and histopathological alterations and residue levels in Oreochromis niloticus. A significant dose-dependent reduction in feed intake and biomass and an increase in mortalities and erythrocytic cellular and nuclear changes were recorded.

Identification of the Seaweed Metabolites as Potential Anti-tubercular Agents Against Human Pantothenate synthetase: An In Silico Approach.

Tuberculosis is the disease which is caused due to the contagion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The multidrug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main hassle in the treatment of this worldwide health threats. Pantothenate synthase is a legitimate goal for rational drug designing against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Exploration of the candidate beneficial bacteria for Penaeus vannamei culture by core microbiome analysis using amplicon sequencing.

Globally, Penaeus vannamei is the vital species in aquaculture production. Beneficial bacterial exploration of gut, sediment, and water were investigated in P. vannamei culture using Illumina Miseq sequencing of 16S RNA V3-V4 hypervariable regions.

Changes in digestive enzyme activities during the early ontogeny of milkfish, Chanos chanos larvae.

Knowledge of the developmental ontogeny of the digestive system and nutritional requirements of marine fish larvae is a primary requisite for their successful rearing under an optimal feeding regime. In this context, we assessed the activity profile of key digestive enzymes viz., trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase, lipase, amylase, and alkaline phosphatase during the early ontogeny of milkfish, Chanos chanos (0 day, 3 days, 6 days, 9 days, 12 days, 15 days, 18 days, 21 days, 25 days, and 30 days post-hatch).

Docking Studies on Biomolecules from Marine Microalga Skeletonema costatum Against Hemolysin Protein of Bioluminescence Disease-Causing Vibrio harveyi.

Grow-out and hatchery units of shrimps are being impacted by disease-causing bacterial pathogens and predominantly marine Vibrios. The use of chemicals for governing bacterial pathogens in the aquaculture practices is developing resistance to bacteria. Henceforth, the application of bio-therapeutic agents from marine resources for controlling pathogens is most vital to be considered.