Effects of lifestyle activity level on anticipatory locomotor adjustments for pedestrian circumvention: an exploratory study.

Navigating public environments requires adjustments to one's walking patterns to avoid stationary and moving obstacles. It is known that physical inactivity induces alterations in motor capacities, but the impact of inactivity on anticipatory locomotor adjustments (ALA) has not been studied. The purpose of the present exploratory study was to compare ALAs and related muscle co-contraction during a pedestrian circumvention task between active (AA) and inactive young adults (IA).

Coronal Plane Alignment of the Medial Column in Isolated Hallux Valgus, Isolated Flatfoot, and Combined Hallux Valgus-Flatfoot.

Background: To provide improved treatment for hallux valgus (HV), we sought to understand more about the pathophysiologic connection between flatfoot deformity and HV by comparing coronal plane alignment of the medial column of the foot for patients with isolated HV, isolated flatfoot, and combined HV-flatfoot vs controls.

Methods: This study retrospectively assessed a consecutive series of 33 patients with combined symptomatic and radiographic HV and flatfoot, 33 isolated symptomatic HV, 33 isolated symptomatic flatfoot, and 33 controls. The medial column alignment was assessed in the coronal plane using 3-dimensional weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT); rotation was measured for the navicular, medial cuneiform, and first metatarsal (M1).

Daily associations between sleep and alcohol use among veterans: Acute and cumulative effects.

Background And Aims: Military veterans demonstrate high rates of heavy drinking and insomnia, but few if any studies have tested real-world, daily associations between sleep and alcohol use within this population. Moreover, although daily diary and experimental studies among civilians have found negative associations between alcohol use and sleep, these patterns change with consecutive days of drinking and may differ for those with insomnia. This study measured (a) acute and cumulative day-level associations between sleep and alcohol use among heavy-drinking US veterans and (b) the extent to which insomnia moderates these associations.

Adjuvant Therapy in Early Uterine Serous Carcinoma.

Objective: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a rare diagnosis but associated with high mortality. There is limited data to guide adjuvant treatment decisions in early stage disease. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of adjuvant therapy on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in early stage USC.

Relationship of negative life events with depression and anxiety in nursing students: a moderated mediation model of resilience and gender.

Background: Compared to ordinary student in the same age group, nursing students experience notably higher rates of depression and anxiety. Negative life events (NLEs) and resilience were recognized as risk factors and protective factors, respectively. There is little literature on the complex interaction of these factors among nursing students.

Evaluation of maSSS/maSES-PEG2-RM26 for their potential therapeutic use after labeling with Re-188. Could their [Tc]Tc-labeled counterparts be used to estimate dosimetry?

Background: Gastrin releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-directed radiopharmaceuticals for targeted radionuclide therapy may be a very promising addition in prostate and breast cancer patient management. Aiming to provide a GRPR-targeting theranostic pair, we have utilized the Tc-99m/Re-188 radiometal pair, in combination with two bombesin based antagonists, maSSS-PEG2-RM26 and maSES-PEG2-RM26. The two main aims of the current study were (i) to elucidate the influence of the radiometal-exchange on the biodistribution profile of the two peptides and (ii) to evaluate the feasibility of using the [Tc]Tc labeled counterparts for the dosimetry estimation for the [Re]Re-labeled conjugates.

Prediction of post-treatment recurrence in early-stage breast cancer using deep-learning with mid-infrared chemical histopathological imaging.

Predicting long-term recurrence of disease in breast cancer (BC) patients remains a significant challenge for patients with early stage disease who are at low to intermediate risk of relapse as determined using current clinical tools. Prognostic assays which utilize bulk transcriptomics ignore the spatial context of the cellular material and are, therefore, of limited value in the development of mechanistic models. In this study, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) chemical images of BC tissue were used to train deep learning models to predict future disease recurrence.

Neutralizing antibody immune correlates in COVAIL trial recipients of an mRNA second COVID-19 vaccine boost.

Neutralizing antibody titer has been a surrogate endpoint for guiding COVID-19 vaccine approval and use, although the pandemic's evolution and the introduction of variant-adapted vaccine boosters raise questions as to this surrogate's contemporary performance. For 985 recipients of an mRNA second bivalent or monovalent booster containing various Spike inserts [Prototype (Ancestral), Beta, Delta, and/or Omicron BA.1 or BA.

A Phase II Trial of Onapristone and Fulvestrant for Patients With ER+ and HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Background: The SMILE study is a multi-institutional phase II clinical trial to determine the efficacy and safety of an antiprogestin, onapristone, in combination with fulvestrant as second-line therapy for patients with ER+, PgR+/-, HER2- metastatic breast cancer. This study was terminated early and herein, we report patient characteristics, and outcomes.

Methods: Eligibility criteria included disease progression on ≥2 lines of prior therapy, ECOG performance status ≤ 2, measurable disease per RECIST 1.

The role of community pharmacists in point-of-care testing and treatment for influenza and Group A Streptococcus -a narrative review using Ecological Systems Theory.

Background: Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a valuable diagnostic approach for identifying pathogens such as Group A Streptococcus (GAS) and influenza. Early detection through POCT allows for timely initiation of appropriate treatments improving public health outcomes and minimizing antibiotic misuse. Community pharmacists are well positioned to offer POCT and treatment, but they face significant system level barriers to widespread implementation and reach.

Topographic Axes of Wiring Space Converge to Genetic Topography in Shaping Human Cortical Layout.

Genetic information is involved in the gradual emergence of cortical areas since the neural tube begins to form, shaping the heterogeneous functions of neural circuits in the human brain. Informed by invasive tract-tracing measurements, the cortex exhibits marked interareal variation in connectivity profiles, revealing the heterogeneity across cortical areas. However, it remains unclear about the organizing principles possibly shared by genetics and cortical wiring to manifest the spatial heterogeneity across cortex.

Associations of Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in a Korean Population.

Objective: This large cohort study aimed to examine the overall associations of physical activity (PA) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This study included a total of 274,292 participants (mean age, 37.9±8.

Staging of swine carcasses to mitigate leachate contamination in the environment.

Outbreaks of infectious diseases involving depopulation of animals require on-farm practices to stage carcasses when final disposal methods are unavailable. The current study assessed various materials and techniques for containing carcasses to minimize leachate and biological substances. The tested materials included tarps, soil, corn stover (CS), and lime, while the methods involved covers, chemical additives, barriers, and containment.

Molecular-level exploration of spatiotemporal dynamics of fluvial particulate organic carbon sources during storm events: Using a high-temporal resolution multi-biomarker approach.

Identifying the origins of storm fluvial particulate organic carbon (POC) provides information about the hydrological connectivity within the river corridor and the roles of the land-stream interface in the carbon cycle. However, current understanding of storm-induced POC source dynamics is constrained by observations limited in space and time. This study presents a unique approach integrating higher spatial and temporal resolution sampling with a multi-biomarker analysis to better understand POC source dynamics across scales.

Molecular basis of conjugation-mediated DNA transfer by gram-negative bacteria.

Bacterial conjugation is the unidirectional transfer of DNA (often plasmids, but also other mobile genetic elements, or even entire genomes), from a donor cell to a recipient cell. In Gram-negative bacteria, it requires the formation of three complexes in the donor cell: i-a large, double-membrane-embedded transport machinery called the Type IV Secretion System (T4SS), ii-a long extracellular tube, the conjugative pilus, and iii-a DNA-processing machinery termed the relaxosome. While knowledge has expanded regarding molecular events in the donor cell, very little is known about the machinery involved in DNA transfer into the recipient cell.

Deep Equilibrium Unfolding Learning for Noise Estimation and Removal in Optical Molecular Imaging.

In clinical optical molecular imaging, the need for real-time high frame rates and low excitation doses to ensure patient safety inherently increases susceptibility to detection noise. Faced with the challenge of image degradation caused by severe noise, image denoising is essential for mitigating the trade-off between acquisition cost and image quality. However, prevailing deep learning methods exhibit uncontrollable and suboptimal performance with limited interpretability, primarily due to neglecting underlying physical model and frequency information.

Retrospective evaluation of a novel ultrasound-based imaging analysis software for predicting radiofrequency ablation areas.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce and evaluate a novel software-based system, BioTrace, designed for real-time monitoring of thermal ablation tissue damage during image-guided radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: BioTrace utilizes a proprietary algorithm to analyze the temporo-spatial behavior of thermal gas bubble activity during ablation, as seen in conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging. Its predictive accuracy was assessed by comparing the ablation zones it predicted with those annotated by radiologists using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) 24 hours post-treatment, considered the gold standard.

Accuracy and Performance Characteristics of Administrative Codes for the Diagnosis of Autoinflammatory Syndromes: A Discovery and Validation Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and validate the accuracy and performance characteristics of administrative codes in diagnosing autoinflammatory syndromes (AISs).

Methods: We identified potential AIS patients from the electronic medical records at the University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics and the Stead Family Children's Hospital using a screening filter based on the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes and interleukin-1 antagonists. Diagnostic criteria for adult-onset Still disease, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Behçet disease (BD), familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), and SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) syndrome and chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (SAPHO-CNO) were reviewed for each patient.

Engineering mechanisms of proton-coupled electron transfer to a titanium-substituted polyoxovanadate-alkoxide.

Metal oxides are promising catalysts for small molecule hydrogen chemistries, mediated by interfacial proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) processes. Engineering the mechanism of PCET has been shown to control the selectivity of reduced products, providing an additional route for improving reductive catalysis with metal oxides. In this work, we present kinetic resolution of the rate determining proton-transfer step of PCET to a titanium-doped POV, TiVO(OCH) with 9,10-dihydrophenazine by monitoring the loss of the cationic radical intermediate using stopped-flow analysis.

Morrey Award 2023: radial head donor plug for capitellum osteochondral autograft transfer: a cadaveric biomechanical analysis.

Background: Limitations to using the knee as donor cartilage include cartilage thickness mismatch and donor site morbidity. Using the radial head as donor autograft for capitellar lesions may allow for local graft harvest without distant donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of performing local osteochondral autograft transfer from the nonarticular cartilaginous rim of the radial head to the capitellum.

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Multiethnic Indigenous Community from Amazonas.

Introduction: Studies about dementia in Indigenous communities are still scarce worldwide, especially in low-middle-income countries, limiting timely intervention in minority groups. Our research aimed to bridge this gap by determining the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and the associated factors, in a multiethnic Indigenous community in Manaus, Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study evaluated the cognitive and functional performances of 141 Indigenous individuals (aged 50 and above).

Impact of particulate matter exposure on melanoma risk: A multicentre case-control study.

Background: The relationship between particulate matter (PM) exposure and melanoma risk remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the association between PM10 and PM2.5 long-term exposure and melanoma risk.

Protocol for the Generation and 3D Culture of Fluorescently Labeled Multicellular Spheroids.

Spheroid culture systems have been extensively used to model the three-dimensional (3D) behavior of cells in vitro. Traditionally, spheroids consist of a single cell type, limiting their ability to fully recapitulate the complex inter-cellular interactions observed in vivo. Here we describe a protocol for generating cocultured spheroids composed of two distinct cell types, embedded within a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) to better study cellular interactions.

Does hyperbaric chamber attendance pose an asthma risk? Case report.

This report details a case study of a non-smoking 33-year-old female nurse who developed occupational asthma as an Inside Attendant (IA) in a hyperbaric chamber. The report analyzes the nurse's medical history, working environment, and potential causes. After beginning work in the hyperbaric chamber, an IA experienced respiratory symptoms, including coughing, wheezing, and fatigue.

A Framework for Behavioral Health Integration in the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE).

Background: The Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) is a comprehensive care model that aims to promote aging in the home and community for older adults who are nursing-home eligible needs-wise. Older adults experience age-related barriers to accessing behavioral health (BH) services. PACE programs play an important role in providing all-inclusive health care for individuals over 55 who are dually eligible for Medicaid and Medicare.