All segments are created equal: locoregional recurrence and survival after single versus multi-segment resection in patients with clinical stage IA ≤ 2 cm non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Compare oncologic outcomes between single-segment and multi-segment resections in patients with clinical stage IA1 and IA2 non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: A retrospective review (2011-2022) was conducted using a prospectively maintained database. Patients undergoing anatomical segmentectomy for clinical stage IA ≤ 2 cm non-small cell lung cancers were included.

CD3+ T-cell: CD14+ monocyte complexes are dynamic and increased with HIV and glucose intolerance.

Persistent systemic inflammation is associated with an elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the characteristics of the innate and adaptive immune systems in individuals who develop these conditions remain poorly defined. Doublets, or cell-cell complexes, are routinely eliminated from flow cytometric and other immune phenotyping analyses, which limits our understanding of their relationship to disease states.

Proteostasis modulates gene dosage evolution in antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Evolution of gene expression frequently drives antibiotic resistance in bacteria. We had previously (Patel and Matange, , 2021) shown that, in , mutations at the locus were beneficial under trimethoprim exposure and led to overexpression of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), encoded by the gene. Here, we show that DHFR levels are further enhanced by spontaneous duplication of a genomic segment encompassing and spanning hundreds of kilobases.

Total Synthesis of the Membrane Spanning Tetraether Lipid brGDGT Ia and Elucidation of its Stereochemical Configuration.

Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are a group of membrane spanning lipids produced by both Archaea and Bacteria. Branched GDGTs (brGDGTs) are a class of these tetraether lipids known to be produced by certain bacteria and are commonly found in terrestrial environments. Due to their environmental ubiquity, high preservation potential, and role in membrane adaptation, brGDGTs form the basis of many widely employed paleoenvironmental proxies.

Optimizing sample size for supervised machine learning with bulk transcriptomic sequencing: a learning curve approach.

Accurate sample classification using transcriptomics data is crucial for advancing personalized medicine. Achieving this goal necessitates determining a suitable sample size that ensures adequate classification accuracy without undue resource allocation. Current sample size calculation methods rely on assumptions and algorithms that may not align with supervised machine learning techniques for sample classification.

Money Matters: The Effect of Income on Postsurgical Outcomes in Stage IA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging; 5-year survival is as low as 24% for resectable disease. However, the outlook for stage IA NSCLC is favorable, with 5-year survival exceeding 74% and with surgery often being curative. Despite this positive prognosis, low socioeconomic status has been shown to correlate with nonstandard treatment and worse overall survival specifically in stage IA.

Prevalence of complementary therapy use in patients with inflammatory arthritis: a cross-sectional study in China.

This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among Chinese patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA), the types of CAM used, and the factors associated with its use. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Data were collected from 503 IA patients using self-administered questionnaires and electronic medical records.

A novel dominant-negative variant of IRF8 in a mother and son: Clinical, phenotypic and biological characteristics.

Background: The few reported patients with pathogenic IRF8 variants have manifested 2 distinct phenotypes: (1) an autosomal recessive severe immunodeficiency with significant neutrophilia and absence of or significant decrease in monocytes and dendritic cells and (2) a dominant-negative form with only a decrease in conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2s) and susceptibility to mycobacterial disease.

Objectives: Genetic testing of a child with persistent EBV viremia identified a novel IRF8 variant: c.1279dupT (p.

Clinical Characteristics, Management and Long-Term Outcomes of 180 Patients With Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides at a Tertiary Centre-A 34-Year Retrospective Study.

Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the commonest form of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Progression is slow, with frequent relapses. Data for predicting early-stage MF progression and recurrence are inadequate.

Somatic Malignancies Arising in Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratomas: A Multi-Institutional Study of 40 Cases Highlighting Outcomes and Novel Malignancies.

Somatic malignancy arising in ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a relatively rare phenomenon with an estimated incidence ranging from 0.17% to 5.5%.

Dissociation between the expression of cGAS/STING and a senescence-associated signature in colon cancer.

Objective: The effect of the cGAS/STING pathway on antitumor immunity and its connection to senescence in vivo necessitates further investigation.

Introduction: Cellular senescence and its secretory phenotype (the SASP) are implicated in modulating the immune microenvironment of cancer possibly through the cGAS/STING pathway.

Methods: Gene expression data from paired colon cancer and adjacent non-malignant mucosa (98 patients,  = 196 samples; 65 patients,  = 130 samples) were analyzed for cGAS/STING and a senescence signature.

Structure and function relationships of mucociliary clearance in human and rat airways.

Mucociliary clearance is a vital defense mechanism of the human airways, protecting against harmful particles and infections. When this process fails, it contributes to respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. While advances in single-cell transcriptomics have revealed the complexity of airway composition, much of what we know about how airway structure impacts clearance relies on animal studies.

Inter-rater reliability of muscle ultrasonography performed by multidisciplinary novice sonographers in the evaluation of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy.

Early diagnosis of muscle wasting in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (AKI-CKRT) may improve outcomes timely rehabilitation and nutrition. Muscle ultrasound (MUS) has recently gained traction for assessing muscle atrophy in the intensive care unit (ICU) but requires training to achieve reproducibility. We evaluated the inter-rater reliability of MUS in patients with AKI-CKRT performed by multidisciplinary raters including nephrologists.

A survey on measurement and reporting of total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone in clinical laboratories in Europe.

Objectives: To compare clinical laboratory workflows for the assessment of androgens in men, focusing on total testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and free T, in clinical laboratories throughout Europe.

Methods: An internet-based survey that included questions related to pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases of androgen measurements was distributed between December 2022 and December 2023 by clinical laboratory/chemistry and endocrine societies. A total of 124 unique records from clinical laboratories in 27 European countries were analyzed.

Direct-to-treatment adaptive radiotherapy: live planning of spine metastases using novel CBCT.

Purpose: CBCT-based online adaptive radiation therapy is carried out using a synthetic CT, sCT, created through deformable registration between the patient-specific fan-beam CT, FBCT, and daily CBCT. Ethos 2.0 allows for plan calculation directly on HyperSight CBCT and uses AI-informed tools for daily contouring without the use of a priori information.

Plasma lipidome and intracranial aneurysms: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent studies suggest that plasma lipids, including lipoproteins and fatty acids, may contribute to the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). However, the relationship between a broader range of plasma lipids and IA risk remains unclear. This study uses the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to explore the causal relationships between 179 plasma lipids and the risk of IAs.

Hospital-Based Registry Analysis of Staging Efficacy and Proposed Staging Subclassification for Stage I HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: AJCC8 introduced separate staging for HPV-associated OPSCC in 2018 to enhance prognostic discrimination. Consequently, most patients previously staged I-IVA in AJCC7 were reclassified as stage I. This study aimed to stratify AJCC8 stage I HPV-associated OPSCC patients using AJCC7 criteria to assess hazard consistency.

Individual and combined toxicity of personal care products and pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations due to chronic exposure of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna.

Personal care products and pharmaceuticals, namely sodium diclofenac (DCF), octocrylene (OCT), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are relevant chemical products classified as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). They can enter aquatic ecosystems from various anthropogenic sources. This study examined the acute and chronic toxic effects of exposure to these substances, individually and in binary mixtures (OCT + SDS, SDS + DCF, DCF + SDS).

Delayed diagnosis of ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2 in a Peruvian patient, a case report.

Introduction: Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2 (AOA2) is a rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, and occasional oculomotor apraxia.

Case Report: A 50-year-old male with a history of orthopedic shoe use since childhood presented with slowly progressive ataxia and neuropathy. Laboratory tests showed elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and increased total cholesterol.

The Association of Sleep Quality and Internet Addiction With Health Status in Hospital Nurses.

Aim: The aims of this study were to explore the correlation of sleep quality and Internet addiction (IA) with the health status of hospital nurses and to investigate whether sleep quality is a mediator in the influence of IA on the health of the nurses.

Background: Excessive Internet use is a public health concern. However, few researchers have investigated the interrelationship of the IA, sleep quality, and health status of hospital nurses.

Leveraging Electronic Health Record Data to Identify Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) Veteran Participants in the Pride in All Who Served Program.

Background: Pride in All Who Served (PRIDE) is an intervention in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) focused on enhancing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) veterans' access to affirmative care services, social support, and engagement with VHA. Evaluation of PRIDE to date has focused on self-report data, missing critical opportunities to examine the impact of this program on health outcomes and utilization indicators detectable in the electronic health record (EHR).

Objective: This study is the first to: (a) comprehensively identify a sample of LGBTQ+ veterans who attended PRIDE, and (b) describe the sample demographics, health conditions, and health care utilization.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for treating lung cancer with a leadless pacemaker: A case report.

Rationale: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a precise treatment modality for lung cancer, delivering high-dose radiation to tumors while sparing surrounding organs. However, because of their intracardiac placement and proximity to the chest radiation field, leadless pacemakers (LLPMs) pose unique challenges that are not fully addressed by the existing protocols for conventional pacemakers.

Patient Concerns: In this case study, we aimed to emphasize the importance of identifying LLPMs before initiating SBRT for lung cancer and to discuss the necessary adjustments in treatment planning needed to accommodate these devices.

A tandem conversion process for the synthesis of polyitaconic acid from glucose in the Aspergillus terreus culture.

In this study, a bio-based vinylidene monomer, itaconic acid (IA), produced by a fungus Aspergillus terreus NBRC 6123 was polymerized in the culture. The inhibition of IA polymerization by the culture components was eased by extraction with 4-methyltetrahydropyran (4mTHP). The extraction with 4mTHP for 4 days under aerobic condition resulted in IA production at 67.

Exposures from oil and gas development and childhood leukemia risk in Colorado: A population-based case-control study.

Background: Children living in upstream oil and natural gas (O&G) areas may be exposed to leukemogens and at increased risk for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of children born in Colorado between 1992 and 2019. We matched 451 children diagnosed with ALL at age 2-9 years starting in 2002 to 2706 controls on birth month/year and Hispanic ethnicity.