Color-Coding Method Reveals Enhancement of Stereotypic Locomotion by Phenazepam in Rat Open Field Test.

One of the most important tasks in neuroscience is the search for theoretical foundations for the development of methods for diagnosing and treating neurological pathology, and for assessing the effect of pharmacological drugs on the nervous system. Specific behavioral changes associated with exposure to systemic influences have been invisible to the human eye for a long time. A similar pattern of changes is characteristic of phenazepam, a drug with a wide range of effects on the brain.

Novel Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholines Induce Anxiolytic-like and Sedative Effects in Adult Zebrafish.

Chromone-containing allylmorpholines (CCAMs) are a novel class of compounds that have demonstrated acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase-inhibiting and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-blocking properties in vitro, but their in vivo pharmacological activity remains underexplored. In this work, we evaluated the psychotropic activity of five different CCAMs (1 (9a), 2 (9j), 3 (9l), 4 (33a), and 5 (33b)) using the novel tank test (NTT) and light/dark box (LDB) test in adult zebrafish. The CCAMs were screened in the NTT at a range of concentrations, and they were found to induce a dose-dependent sedative effect.

Changes in Brain Electrical Activity after Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. To search for new therapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic strategies, numerous models of this disease have been proposed, the most popular being transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Behavioral and sensorimotor testing, biochemical, and histological methods are traditionally used in conjunction with this model to assess the effectiveness of potential treatment options.

Effect of Fluoxetine in Prenatal Period on Nociceptive System Reactivity and Psychoemotional Behavior in Young Female Rats.

We studied the effect of chronic injections of serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine to rats during pregnancy on physiological and behavioral characteristics of female offspring during the prepubertal period. Fluoxetine reduced body weight in newborn females, but this parameter was restored to normal values by the age of 25 days. Fluoxetine also increased animal anxiety, but did not change the level of depressive behavior and cognitive capacities.

Behavior Disorders Caused by Perinatal Hypoxia in Juvenile Rats and Their Correction with GABA Derivative.

We studied the effects of acute normobaric hypoxia on postnatal day 2 (model of preterm pregnancy) on reflex activity and behavior of juvenile male Wistar rats and the possibility of correction of behavioral deficit by administration of GABA derivative Salifen after hypoxia. It is shown, that perinatal hypoxia impaired righting reflex and forelimb grip strength and increased motor activity in juvenile male rats. Administration of Salifen for 14 days in a dose of 15 mg/kg improved reflex activity and behavior of rats, which indicates the prospect of further study of the therapeutic efficacy of this drug on models of neonatal encephalopathy.

Testosterone promotes anxiolytic-like behavior in gonadectomized male rats via blockade of the 5-HT receptors.

This study was designed to examine an anxiety-like behavior in the adult gonadectomized (GDX) male rats subjected to testosterone propionate (TP) treatment alone or in combination with 8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT receptor agonist, or with NAN-190, 5-HT receptor antagonist. Two weeks after gonadectomy, GDX rats were subjected by treatments with the solvent, TP (0.5mg/kg, s.

Effects of Chronic Vitamin D₃ Hormone Administration on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult Female Rats after Long-Term Ovariectomy.

The present preclinical study was created to determine the therapeutic effects of vitamin D hormone treatment as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol (17β-E₂) on anxiety-like behavior in female rats with long-term absence of estrogen. Accordingly, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of chronic cholecalciferol administration (1.0, 2.

Ropren treatment reverses anxiety-like behavior and monoamines levels in gonadectomized rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

Previous studies indicated that reduced androgen levels may contribute to both physical and cognitive disorders in men, including Alzheimer's disease. New drug candidates for Alzheimer's disease in patients with androgen deficiency should ideally be able to act not only on multiple brain targets but also to correct impaired endocrine functions in hypogonadal men with Alzheimer's disease. Ropren is one such candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in men with an imbalance of androgens.

Antidepressant-Like Effect of Ropren® in β-Amyloid-(25-35) Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Altered Levels of Androgens.

This study elucidated the potential antidepressant-like effect of prolonged Ropren® administration (8.6 mg/kg, orally, once daily for 28 days) using a β-amyloid (25-35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease following gonadectomy. The experimental model was created by intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid (25-35) into gonadectomized (GDX) rats and GDX rats with testosterone propionate (TP, 0.

Cognitive-enhancing activities of the polyprenol preparation Ropren® in gonadectomized β-amyloid (25-35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

The present preclinical study was designed to examine the effects of prolonged Ropren® administration (8.6 mg/kg, orally, once daily, 28 days) in a β-amyloid (25-35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease following gonadectomy. The experimental model was created by intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid (25-35) into gonadectomized (GDX) rats and GDX rats with testosterone propionate (TP, 0.

The effect of neurospecific knockdown of candidate genes for locomotor behavior and sound production in Drosophila melanogaster.

Molecular mechanisms underlying the functioning of central pattern generators (CPGs) are poorly understood. Investigations using genetic approaches in the model organism Drosophila may help to identify unknown molecular players participating in the formation or control of motor patterns. Here we report Drosophila genes as candidates for involvement in the neural mechanisms responsible for motor functions, such as locomotion and courtship song.

Neuroprotective effects of heptapeptide mystixin.

Neuroprotective effects of heptapeptide mystixin were studied on the neurons of the olfactory cortex in cultured slices of rat brain. Repeated applications of mystixin in doses of 100 mg/ml on brain slices rapidly reduced the amplitudes of AMPA and NMDA receptor-dependent processes. The effects were reversible and activities of these processes partly restored after washout.

Contractile activity of living isolated neurons and its inhibition by cytochalasin B.

Contractile activity of damaged neuronal axons of Lymnaea stagnalis and Planorbis corneus vulgaris mollusks and the possibility of inhibiting their retraction by cytochalasin B were studied. In experimental series I (control), the neuronal axons contracted in Ringer's fluid in 90% cases. In series II and III (cytochalasin B in concentrations of 0.

Effects of the blood components on the AMPA and NMDA synaptic responses in brain slices in the onset of hemorrhagic stroke.

Blood-borne events play a major role in post bleeding disturbances of the neuronal network. However, very little is known about the early effects of blood plasma, leucocytes, and the red blood cells on the AMPA and NMDA-mediated synaptic responses in the onset of experimental intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In this study, we used the technique of on-line monitoring of electrophysiological parameters referred to synaptic activity in piriform cortex of SHR rat slice.

Hsp70 promotes synaptic transmission in brain slices damaged by contact with blood clot.

Neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties of Hsp70 were studied in olfactory cortex slices of hypertensive rats under normal conditions and under influence of autologous blood (blood clot). Under normal conditions, synaptic response in slices depended on Hsp70 amount in medium. Incubation of slices with Hsp70 showed a biphasic effect on electrogenesis in tissue.