Biomedical Application Prospects of Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles for Regenerative Medicine.

Background/objectives: The aim was to study the possibilities of biomedical application of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (GdO NPs) synthesized under industrial conditions, and evaluate their physicochemical properties, redox activity, biological activity, and safety using different human cell lines.

Methods: The powder of GdO NPs was obtained by a process of thermal decomposition of gadolinium carbonate precipitated from nitrate solution, and was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The redox activity of different concentrations of GdO NPs was studied by the optical spectroscopy (OS) method in the photochemical degradation process of methylene blue dye upon irradiation with an optical source.

Survival Prognostic Factors of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease with high rates of disability and mortality. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is an effective method of treating patients, increasing life expectancy, but currently, predictors available to determine the best outcome of therapy in this category of patients are unknown. This systematic review aimed to determine the impact of prognostic factors on benefits from NIV application compared with non-NIV tools of treatment (invasive ventilation and standard care) in case of survival of ALS patients.

Machine Learning Model Discriminate Ischemic Heart Disease Using Breathome Analysis.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) impacts the quality of life and is the most frequently reported cause of morbidity and mortality globally. To assess the changes in the exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in patients with vs. without ischemic heart disease (IHD) confirmed by stress computed tomography myocardial perfusion (CTP) imaging.

Evaluation of the efficacy of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery versus conventional laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) has gained significant importance in treating cancers. The current study is a meta-analysis that aimed to assess the short-term efficacy and long-term prognostic impact of NOSES and conventional laparoscopic (CL) surgery in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Method: Published reports in several medical databases up to February 2024 were searched and information pertinent to outcomes of NOSES and CL in retrospective and randomized studies to treat CRC was collected.

The Effect of Rhythmic Optical Stimulation on Temporal Parameters of Human Sensorimotor Response and Their Relation to the Spectral Characteristics of the Initial EEG.

The effect of optical stimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz (OS) on temporal parameters of sensorimotor activity in healthy subjects (n=32) was studied. The expression of the activation response was determined by the ratio of spectral power values (SPα2, μV) of the high frequency (10-13 Hz) subrange of the α-rhythm of the initial EEG with closed and opened eyes and the frequency of the maximum α-peak (IAPF). A test for simple motor reaction time was performed under normal and OS conditions.

Cerebral vein thrombosis: management tactics with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy and assisted reproductive technologies.

Cerebral vein thrombosis is a rare, life-threatening condition that has now become more commonly diagnosed due to advancements in imaging techniques. Our purpose is to improve understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis and pregnancy and IVF management in patients with a history of cerebral thrombosis. We present an overview of the modern tactics of anticoagulant therapy for cerebral thrombosis with a focus on pregnancy, the use of hormone therapy, and assisted reproductive technologies.

Updates on Intrinsic Medicinal Chemistry of 1,4-dihydropyridines, Perspectives on Synthesis and Pharmacokinetics of Novel 1,4-dihydropyrimidines as Calcium Channel Blockers: Clinical Pharmacology.

Background: Several chemical studies described the physiological efficacy of 1,4- dihydropyridines (DHPs). DHPs bind to specific sites on the α1 subunit of L-type calcium channels, where they demonstrate a more pronounced inhibition of Ca2+ influx in vascular smooth muscle compared to myocardial tissue. This selective inhibition is the basis for their preferential vasodilatory action on peripheral and coronary arteries, a characteristic that underlies their therapeutic utility in managing hypertension and angina.

Short-term outcomes of vessel-oriented D2 and D3 lymph node dissection for sigmoid colon cancer.

Background: Level of lymph nodes dissection (LND) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation is still matter of debate of radical resection of colorectal cancer. This study aims to compare the short-term outcome of three different surgical techniques to treat sigmoid cancer: low ligation (LL) of the IMA with D3-LND, low IMA ligation with D2-LND, and high ligation (HL) of the IMA with D3-LND.

Methods: Patients affected by sigmoid colon cancer, who underwent radical resection with three different techniques (LL and D3-LND Group A, HL and D3-LND Group B, and LL with D2 LND- Group C), were included.

[Main directions in corneal nerve fibers research].

This lecture-format review presents a summary of methods for assessing the condition of corneal nerve fibers (CNF), their clinical significance, and an overview of their anatomy and physiology. It briefly analyzes the structural and functional characteristics of CNF in various ocular diseases, following eye surgeries, and in patients with systemic diseases accompanied by systemic polyneuropathy. The article describes in detail the management algorithm that involves a comprehensive analysis of CNF and Langerhans inflammatory cells, identifies the at-risk groups for developing structural nerve impairments, and outlines the main criteria for CNF assessment.

[Combined approach to cataract surgery in keratoconus].

Preparation for cataract surgery in patients with keratoconus (KC) is associated with particular challenges: calculating the optical power of the intraocular lens (IOL), selecting the appropriate IOL model, and considering additional interventions aimed at stabilizing KC and reducing irregular astigmatism. This article presents a fundamentally new approach to combined treatment of KC with cataract, consisting of two stages: first, performing bandage therapeutic-optical keratoplasty (BTOK), followed by cataract phacoemulsification as the second stage.

[Retinopathy associated with thrombotic microangiopathy of mixed origin (case report)].

This article presents a clinical case of ocular thrombotic microangiopathy of mixed origin (antiphospholipid syndrome, malignant arterial hypertension, multigenic thrombophilia). Multimodal imaging of the fundus provides a detailed assessment of its structures. Pathological changes in the choroid, the "retinal pigment epithelium - Bruch's membrane" complex, and the neurosensory retina, identified using fundus photography, short-wavelength autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography, are described as nonspecific in nature.

[Indirect comparison of anti-angiogenic agents in the treatment of diabetic macular edema].

Unlabelled: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among diabetic patients, its prevalence is continuing to increase worldwide. Faricimab, a bispecific antibody, represents a new generation of treatments for DME.

Purpose: This study presents an indirect comparison of the effectiveness and safety of faricimab versus other treatment options for DME.

[Potential of ultrasonography in determination of orbital inflammation activity in granulomatosis with polyangiitis].

Purpose: This study investigates the capabilities of ultrasonography (US) in determing the stage of orbital inflammation in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).

Material And Methods: The study included 24 patients (8 men and 16 women) with diffuse orbital tissue involvement in GPA. Group 1 (active stage) included nine patients, while group 2 (inactive stage) consisted of 18 patients.

[Selective assessment of biomechanical properties of the lens capsule].

Unlabelled: The scientific and practical interest in studying the biomechanical characteristics of the lens capsule, on the one hand, is associated with its anatomical significance in modern microinvasive phaco surgery, and on the other hand, with investigation of the mechanisms of lens curvature changes during accommodation. Selective study of the biomechanical properties of the lens capsule aims to identify characteristics of various regions and surfaces of the capsule.

Purpose: This study is a comparative analysis of age-related changes in the biomechanical properties of the anterior (AC) and posterior (PC) lens capsules in humans.

The Efficacy of Er:YAG Laser in the Extraction of Impacted Third Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

: Impacted third molar extraction with a scalpel and rotary instruments is one of the most traumatic surgeries in dentistry. Therefore, it is necessary to discover less traumatic methods and instruments to reduce the risk of postoperative complications. : This study is reported in accordance with the CONSORT guidelines.

Prospects for the development of the electronic prescription system in the conditions of the modern pharmaceutical market of Russia.

Background: This research aims to assess the level of awareness and readiness for the utilization of Electronic Prescription System (EPS) among medical professionals and patients, as well as to identify their opinions regarding the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

Methods: The study was conducted in Russia among 423 respondents, including medical professionals and patients, with an average age of 40 years.

Results: The awareness of EPS among medical professionals (20%) and patients (45.

Chaperones vs. oxidative stress in the pathobiology of ischemic stroke.

As many proteins prioritize functionality over constancy of structure, a proteome is the shortest stave in the Liebig's barrel of cell sustainability. In this regard, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes possess abundant machinery supporting the quality of the proteome in healthy and stressful conditions. This machinery, namely chaperones, assists in folding, refolding, and the utilization of client proteins.

[Effect of low-intensity laser-therapy in the correction of encephalopathy in obstructive jaundice].

Unlabelled: Hepatic encephalopathy is an early and severe complication of obstructive jaundice and is characterized by occurrence of non-focal and focal neurological manifestations. Different methods of therapy are applied for disorder correction. Low-intensity laser blood irradiation has a pronounced antioxidant and vasoactive effect.

[Experience of forensic expertise in arbitration proceeding. (Case from practice)].

The article presents an experience of organization and production of comprehensive forensic expertises in the framework of arbitration proceeding on claims of medical organization to insurance medical companies concerning the amount of payment for the rendered health care in the field of «ophthalmology» with patients' admission to round-the-clock inpatient hospital. The methodology and algorithm of forensic expertise production after earlier conducted examinations of health care quality on case materials and original medical records of hospital patients are provided.

Reduced-port laparoscopic right colonic resection with D3 lymph node dissection and transvaginal specimen extraction (NOSES VIIIa) for right colon cancer: clinical features.

Background: Reduced-port laparoscopic surgery (RPLS) uses the minimum possible number of ports or small-sized ports in laparoscopic surgery. The combination of RPLS and natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) minimizes the procedural damage.

Methods: A total of 17 patients diagnosed with right colon cancer were included: 5 patients in the RPLS + NOSE group and 12 patients in the conventional laparoscopic surgery (CL) + mini-laparotomy (ML) group.

Intracranial Castleman's Disease Mimicking Dural-based Pathologies: A Case Report.

Background: Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, with intracranial involvement being exceedingly rare. Unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is typically benign and localized, but its presentation can mimic other intracranial pathologies, complicating diagnosis.

Case Description: We reported a 52-year-old woman who presented with progressive headaches and language disturbances.

[Primary chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible in children: etiology and diagnostics].

Primary chronic osteomyelitis (PCO) is a rare non-bacterial autoinflammatory severe disease that most often affects children aged 7 to 12 years and is much less common in adults. The most common areas of lesion are long tubular bones, however, any bones of the skeleton, including the lower jaw, can be affected. The clinical picture of this disease is complex and similar to many tumor and tumor-like bone lesions, which often leads to a significant delay in making a correct diagnosis.

[Prevalence of acute dental trauma and its peculiarities in children living in educational institutions].

The Aim: The of study was to assess the prevalence and features of acute dental trauma in children living in educational institutions.

Materials And Methods: 131 medical records of children from orphanages who suffered dental injuries in the period from 2017 to 2021 were studied. The analysis of the relationship of the type of acute dental injury (ADI) with the gender, age of patients, history, and the timing of medical care access was carried out.