[Blockade of corticoliberin receptors prevents development of poststressor psychopathology in rats with active strategy of adaptive behaviour].

Active as well as passive Wistar rats were subjected to a single water-immersion action that gave rise signs of poststressor depression in them. Administration of CRH-R1-receptor peptide blocker astressin prevented development of behavioural deficiency in active rats and did not affect behaviour of passive rats. This suggests that the corticoliberin receptor blockers are only effective for treatment of poststressor depressions in individuals with initially behavioural strategy.

[Response of the spinal trigeminal nucleus neurons to electric stimulation of the rat dura mater].

Aseptic inflammation of tissues surrounding large meningeal blood vessels, e.g. the superior sagittal sinus, underlies pathogenesis of migraine.

[Restoration of the respiratory center functions in rats after its complete cold-induced paralysis ].

White rats were cooled until cessation of their breathing (about 17.6 degrees C) and then transferred to a 19-20 degrees C room. The breathless rats were administered EDTA (experimental group) and saline (control groups).

[Development of deep hypothermia in rats with limited motor activity].

Changes of the main organism functions (breathing frequency, heart rate and shivering) were investigated under hypothermia in two groups of rats. Animals of the first group were fixed rigidly on the special platform with fixing of head and limbs, and those of the second one--the rats, were placed in a punched cylindrical chamber, inside which they could move freely forward and back. In 2.

[Participation of the brain catecholamines in changes in activity of the rat hypophyseal-adrenal system induced by hydrocortisone administration during neonatal ontogenesis].

Administration of hydrocortisone or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ONDA) to little rats from the 1st to the 5th day of life affected functional activity of the hypophyseal-adrenal system (HAS) of immature rats. In the morning hours, the rats developed a decrease in the basal and stressor levels of corticosterone in the blood, whereas administration of the 6-ONDA did not change the functional activity of the HAS in the morning. The data obtained suggest that disorders in the HAS regulation by the feedback mechanism resulting from neonatal administration of hydrocortisone may be associated with a drop in the noradrenaline level in the hypothalamus.

[Functional specifics of cortical associative regions participating in learning to differentiate visual information in monkeys].

In 3 groups of monkeys: intact, those with their 7th field bilaterally removed, and those with bilateral removal of the sulcus principalis, functional specifics of the cortex' associative areas were studied. Removal of the 7th field practically does not affect processes of training for images with such features as spatial frequency, colour, and images of animals, but considerably impairs the learning characteristics in visual differentiation of objects' size and spatial interrelationships among objects. Removal of the sulcus principalis considerably impairs the characteristics of differentiation of objects' size and spatial interrelationships among them, as well as differently coloured stimuli.

[Tremor characteristics in the norm and in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism].

With the aid of tensotremorography, a voluntary effort was recorded and characteristics of involuntary and voluntary components of the hands' isometrically recorded efforts were studied. The revealed frequency ranges of the oscillations spectral density's changes corroborate existence of two suprasegmental systems of movements control, the systems being related to voluntary control and a current control of the efforts maintaining or preserving a posture. Results of cross-correlation analysis of the hands' efforts maintained under conditions of a visual feedback are demonstrated in norm and in central disorders of the movement control system.

[Possible mechanisms of amygdala participation in the regulation of gastric motor activity].

Mechanisms of the amygdala central nucleus (CNA) influence on gastric motor reflex activity were studied in electrophysiological and neuroanatomical experiments in Wistar rats. In the anaesthetized animals, electrical stimulation of the CNA affected spontaneous gastric motility and caused inhibitory as well as excitatory changes of vagus-induced gastric relaxation. The most significant and mainly inhibitory effects were observed under the stimulation of the medial CNA.

[Analysis of the morphological substrate of information processing in the dog brain pallidal complex based on organizational characteristics of its afferent projections].

Projections from functionally diverse cortical and subcortical structures (cortex, amygdaloid body, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and thalamus) to the pallidum (globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus and ventral pallidum) were studied in dogs using the method of axonal transport of the retrograde markers. Anatomical aspects of both the functional heterogeneity of the pallidal structures and integrative processing of information which underlie the mechanisms of adaptive behavior, were analyzed on the basis of the results obtained.

[Analysis of the morphological substrate of information processing in the striatum based on organizational characteristics of its afferent projections].

By the method of axonal transport of the retrograde markers, the afferent projections, coming from functionally different cortical and subcortical structures to various segments of the caudate nucleus, were investigated in the putamen and the nucleus accumbens of the dog brain. On the basis of the determined peculiarities of the spatail organization of these projections, the morphological aspects of the segregated and convergent conducting and processing of the information in the striatum, which underlie their functioning, were analyzed.

[Reflection of space characteristics of an acoustic signal in the neuronal activity of the caudate nucleus].

In chronic experiment, responses of single neurons of the caudate nucleus (CN) to spatial characteristics of acoustic signal have been investigated in dogs. It is shown that 92% of neurons of the caudate nucleus' head responding to sound stimulation asymmetrically react to contra- and ipsilateral monoaural, with a greater efficacy of a contralateral stimulation. For 50% of the CN neurons simultaneous sound inputs appear more effective in comparison with contralateral stimulation.

[The anxiety level and synthesis of neurosteroids in the brain of prenatally stressed male rats].

Prenatal stresses significantly reduce the anxiety level and enhance motor activity in mature male rats. An enhancement of the 5 alpha-reductase activity occurs in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and the brain frontal cortx. The data obtained suggest that behavioural changes in mature male rats due to prenatal stresses may be a consequence of an increased forming of active progesterone metabolities in the brain.

[Lipid peroxidation in the rats striatum during stress after cortisol administration].

Lipid peroxidation in the rat striatum under stress after cortisole injection was investigated. Three days cortisole injections (25 mg/kg every day) do not affect the level of lipid peroxidation products 6 days after termination of the hormone injection. However, in these periods, cortisole injected rats had a more significant response of lipid peroxidation to stress than the control animals (decrease of intermediate products and increase of Shift bases).

[The effect of He-Ne laser radiation on myocardium mechanical activity in rats].

In isolated papillary muscles, a 5-minute irradiation with the He-Ne-laser Shuttle-1 enhances the maximal strength of isometric contraction and acceleration of relaxation. In physiological mode of mechanical loads, the irradiation with the laser red light enhances the myocardium contractability at all final systolic lengths with simultaneous enhancement of the isometric relaxation velocity at great systolic lengths and a deceleration of the relaxation at lesser lengths. Under the He-Ne-laser effect, restoration of rhythm-inotropic relationships occurred in the myocardium.

[Structure of reciprocal connections in visual cortical areas 17 and 18 in cats].

Single cortical columns of areas 17, 18 in the cat were microiontophoretically injected with horseradish peroxidase. Spatial and laminar distributions of retrogradell labelled cells in both areas were investigated. Following injections in area 17 or in area 18 the labelled cells' region in area 17 was elongated (in a tangential plane) along the representation of visual field horizontal meridian.

[Effect of various concentrations of corticoliberin on long-term potentiation in slides of the rat olfactory cortex].

Perfusion of the rat olfactory cortex slices with 1 mcM corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) increased the rate of initiation of the posttetanic potentiation. The latter had a shorter supporting phase than in the control. With the perfusion, with 0.

[Visual evoked potentials in response to dichoptic presentation of sinusoidal grating and noise background].

Dichoptic stimulation was used in comparison of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) with those obtained with monocular stimulation (recordings made from the occipital area). 16 subjects viewed sinusoidal gratings with the right eye while a visual noise was added via a mirror for the left eye. In presence of the noise, amplitude of the early VEP components' N1, P1b, and the late component P2 decreased, P1a is not changed in presence of the noise, and the late negative wave N2 increased for all spatial frequencies.

[Response of pial arterioles to alveolar hypercapnia in normotensive and hypertensive rats].

In the WKY rats, a large number of vessels were dilated in response to alveolar hypercapnia, the rest of the vessels remaining unchanged, whereas both vasodilation and vasoconstriction occurred under the same conditions in the SHR rats. The difference seems to be due to biophysical and/or biochemical specifics of the SHR vascular walls and to partially depend on specific features of haemodynamics in pial vascular micromodules in both strains of rats.

[Myogenic reactions of the rat isolated mesenteric artery: effect of acidosis and the primary vessel tone].

Stretch of the rat mesenteric artery ring pretreated with noradrenaline evoked a myogenic response consisting of the fast and slow phases which were maximal at about 3.5 and 45.1 s after the stretch, resp.

[Neuron non-electrical functions].

Classical histological preparations of the metasympathetic nervous system treated with silver salts were compared with isolated neuron cultures to study non-electrical functions of the neurons. A hypothesis of a tissue trophic effect of the nervous tissue's receptors, is advanced. Proteolytic enzymes were shown to be a growth factor for surrounding tissues and to play a role of trophic agents.

[Capsaicin-sensitive afferents in the vagus nerve].

Vanilloids were shown to interact with over 70% of vagal C-afferents first causing an excitation followed by desensitisation and a lasting destruction of nerve fibres. Capsaicin induces a secretion of some neuropeptides from 10-30% of vagal sensory terminals and therefore serves as a pharmacological tool for testing local "effector function" of primary afferents. Vagal afferents seem to have their own subtype of vanilloid receptors (VR), not completely identical with the VR receptors in the dorsal root ganglia.

[Hydrolases in the large intestine in rats with various experimental pathologies].

In the colon mucous membrane, activity of a wide range of membrane and mainly intracellular enzymes was studied in the organism at different conditions. The data obtained suggest participation of digestive hydrolases in the colon not only on postdigestive processes but, in certain states of the organism, in digestive processes too.

[Changes in the hormonal function of the hypophysis-adrenal system by administration of cortisol in 'fixed' phases of the postnatal ontogenesis in rats].

Administration of cortisol on the 13th, 15th, and 17th days of postnatal ontogenesis was shown to exert a long-lasting modifying effect upon the hypophysis-adrenal system's (HAS) stress reactivity in the rat litter. The effect involved a longer duration of hormonal response to immobilisation stress: a longer-lasting elevation of the corticosterone level in the blood plasma suggesting a diminished sensitivity of the HAS to feed-back signal. In hippocampus, frontal cortex and hypothalamus of the experimental rats, a decrease in receptor binding of labeled corticosterone was revealed.

[Effect of the body antiorthostatic posture on various circulation and respiration parameters in anesthetised cats].

In anaesthetised cats, antiorthostatic posture of the body with an inclination angle of 30 degrees increased pressure in the vena cava superior and in jugular vein. The rest of the cardio-respiratory parameters were changed insignificantly. Physical and physiological mechanisms of the blood regional redistribution in alteration of the body gravitation orientation, are discussed.