[Primary chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible in children: etiology and diagnostics].

Primary chronic osteomyelitis (PCO) is a rare non-bacterial autoinflammatory severe disease that most often affects children aged 7 to 12 years and is much less common in adults. The most common areas of lesion are long tubular bones, however, any bones of the skeleton, including the lower jaw, can be affected. The clinical picture of this disease is complex and similar to many tumor and tumor-like bone lesions, which often leads to a significant delay in making a correct diagnosis.

[Prevalence of acute dental trauma and its peculiarities in children living in educational institutions].

The Aim: The of study was to assess the prevalence and features of acute dental trauma in children living in educational institutions.

Materials And Methods: 131 medical records of children from orphanages who suffered dental injuries in the period from 2017 to 2021 were studied. The analysis of the relationship of the type of acute dental injury (ADI) with the gender, age of patients, history, and the timing of medical care access was carried out.

[Effectiveness of using different types of current to determine the electrosensitivity of teeth in inferior alveolar nerve neuritis].

The Aim Of The Study: To determine the type of electric current with the greatest diagnostic value used to study the electrical sensitivity of teeth in inferior alveolar nerve neuritis.

Materials And Methods: We examined 32 patients aged from 22 to 57 years, in whom neuritis of the inferior alveolar nerve developed due to traumatic removal of the lower third molar. There were 14 females and 18 males.

Medical chart-reported alcohol consumption, substance use, and mental health issues in association with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) nonadherence among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men.

Background: Although some evidence suggests that alcohol, substance use, and mental health issues diminish adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) among gay, bisexual, and other men-who-have-sex-with-men (gbMSM), findings are somewhat inconsistent and have primarily derived from studies involving non-random samples. Medical chart extraction can provide unique insight by in part surmounting sampling-related limitations, as data for entire PrEP clinic populations can be examined. Our investigation entailed comprehensive chart extraction to assess the extent to which chart-reported alcohol, substance use, and mental health issues were associated with chart-reported PrEP nonadherence.

Venous Thromboembolism at Low Risk of Recurrence in Young Women: Stress and Violence Associated with Recurrence. An International Case-Control Study.

Background:  In young women with venous thromboembolism (VTE) related to weak transient risk factors, it remains unknown whether stress levels and intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with recurrence. The VTE-WEAK study aims to investigate the association between perceived stress and IPV with a recurrence of VTE in women with a first episode of VTE due to combined oral contraceptives, pregnancy-puerperium, minor trauma/fracture, brief surgery, infection or brief immobility, and not using antithrombotic prophylaxis.

Material And Methods:  We performed a multicenter, international, observational, retrospective study on women referred for thrombophilia screening who were subsequently monitored.

The Hygienic Significance of Microbiota and Probiotics for Human Wellbeing.

The human body can be viewed as a combination of ecological niches inhabited by trillions of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, all united by the microbiota concept. Human health largely depends on the nature of these relationships and how they are built and maintained. However, personal hygiene practices have historically been focused on the wholesale elimination of pathogens and "hygiene-challenging microorganisms" without considering the collateral damage to beneficial and commensal species.

[Morphological characteristics of autoimmune gastritis].

Objective: Detailed study of the morphological characteristics of autoimmune gastritis (AIG), assessment of the possibilities and prospects for morphological diagnosis of this disease.

Material And Methods: The study included 63 patients with AIG and 25 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, who were examined in the clinics of Sechenov University from 2021 to 2023.

Results: During the study, it was found that in biopsies of the antrum of the stomach in 90.

MiRNA-34a, miRNA-145, and miRNA-222 Expression, Matrix Metalloproteinases, TNF-α and VEGF in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Coronary Artery Disease.

The development of different phenotypes of coronary artery (CA) lesions is regulated via many various factors, such as pro-inflammatory agents, zinc-dependent endopeptidases, growth factors and circulating microRNAs (miRs). To evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a, miR-145 and miR-222, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -9, -13 and -14) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with different phenotypes of coronary artery disease (CAD): ischemia/angina with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA/ANOCA) and obstructive CAD (oCAD) compared with a control group. This cross-sectional observational study included 157 subjects with a verified CAD diagnosis (51 patients with INOCA, 76 patients with oCAD and 30 healthy volunteers).

Current Role and Potential of Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry in Biomedical Research and Clinical Applications.

Mass-spectrometry-based assays nowadays play an essential role in biomedical research and clinical applications. There are different types of commercial mass spectrometers on the market today, and triple quadrupole (QqQ) is one of the time-honored systems. Here, we overview the main areas of QqQ applications in biomedicine and assess the current level, evolution, and trends in the use of QqQ in these areas.

Biomarker-Guided Dietary Supplementation: A Narrative Review of Precision in Personalized Nutrition.

Dietary supplements (DS) are widely used to address nutritional deficiencies and promote health, yet their indiscriminate use often leads to reduced efficacy, adverse effects, and safety concerns. Biomarker-driven approaches have emerged as a promising strategy to optimize DS prescriptions, ensuring precision and reducing risks associated with generic recommendations. This narrative review synthesizes findings from key studies on biomarker-guided dietary supplementation and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in biomarker analysis.

Optimization Function for Determining Optimal Dose Range for Beef and Seed Potato Irradiation.

The objective of this study is to develop a universally applicable approach for establishing the optimal dose range for the irradiation of plant and animal products. The approach involves the use of the optimization function for establishing the optimal irradiation dose range for each category of plant and animal product to maximize the suppression of targeted pathogens while preserving the surrounding molecules and biological structures. The proposed function implies that pathogens found in the product can be efficiently suppressed provided that irradiation is performed with the following criteria in mind: a high irradiation dose uniformity, a high probability of irradiation hitting pathogens and controlled heterogeneity of radiobiological sensitivity of pathogens.

Human Cytochrome P450 Cancer-Related Metabolic Activities and Gene Polymorphisms: A Review.

Background: Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are heme-containing oxidoreductase enzymes with mono-oxygenase activity. Human CYPs catalyze the oxidation of a great variety of chemicals, including xenobiotics, steroid hormones, vitamins, bile acids, procarcinogens, and drugs.

Findings: In our review article, we discuss recent data evidencing that the same CYP isoform can be involved in both bioactivation and detoxification reactions and convert the same substrate to different products.

Correction of hypoxic effects on target organs in pneumonia with phytotherapy.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the combination of stellasterin, quercetin, and kaempferol - components of the phytopreparation ginseng (trade name Panax) - in the treatment of tissue hypoxia occurring in patients with viral and bacterial pneumoni.

Methods: An analytical single-center method of network pharmacology was utilized, involving 110 individuals divided into two subgroups: placebo and Panax phytopreparation. The therapy course lasted 2 months, after which physical (forced vital capacity, respiratory volume, oxygen saturation) and laboratory (total ATPase, Na+/K+-ATPase, glucose, leukocytes) parameters were evaluated.

Potential of photodynamic therapy using polycationic photosensitizers in the treatment of lung cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and bacterial complications: our recent experience.

The problem of treating cancer patients with lung cancer has become more difficult due to the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and concomitant bacterial lesions. The analysis shows that the photodynamic effect of long-wavelength polycationic photosensitizers suppresses the tumor process (including the destruction of cancer stem cells), SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including those that can cause pneumonia. Therefore, the photodynamic approach using such photosensitizers is promising for the development of an effective treatment method for patients with lung cancer, including those with SARS-CoV-2 infection and bacterial complications.

Investigating the association between Candida albicans and early childhood dental caries: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant public health concern affecting children globally. Recent studies suggest a potential association between the presence of Candida albicans (C. albicans) in the oral cavity and the risk of ECC, but findings have been inconsistent.

A Comparative Study of Aortic Valve Neocuspidization Techniques: Formula vs. Template Methods of Neocusp Formation.

Introduction: The template method (TM), pioneered by Ozaki for aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo), has been widely adopted for aortic valve replacement, though it requires specialized instruments. This study introduces a novel formula method (FM), which uses the diameter of the aortic valve fibrous ring (AV-D) to determine the dimensions of the neocusps to be trimmed from autologous without the need for templates, potentially reducing costs and complexity. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of the FM with the established TM in patients undergoing AVNeo.

[The perception of problematic of digital future of national health care by students and graduates of medical university].

In the nearest future, global health care is to be changed dramatically because of digital transformation of medicine that is supported by numerous innovative technologies. The digitization of Russian health care nowadays is priority direction of its development. It requires from medical workers to have special knowledge and readiness to apply achievements of digital medicine as effectively as possible.

[The dynamics of provision of population of the Russian Federation with otorhinolaryngologists in 2018-2023].

The most acute problem of state health care system is shortage of medical personnel, both physicians and paramedics. The purpose of the study is to assess dynamics of personnel support with otolaryngologists in medical organizations of the Russian Federation for 2018-2023. The retrospective analytical descriptive study was carried out using continuous method based on studying dynamics of personnel support with otolaryngologists in the Russian Federation in general, Federal Okrugs and particular Subjects of the Russian Federation for 2018-2023.