11,246 results match your criteria: "Hypoparathyroidism"

Introduction: Fahr disease and Fahr syndrome represent clinical entities that result in diffuse intracranial brain calcification, either by way of genetic mutation in the case of the former or by secondary endocrine dysfunction in the latter.

Case Report: We present a case of a middle-aged male with undiagnosed Fahr syndrome, identified during evaluation for symptoms of an acute posterior circulation cerebrovascular accident.

Conclusion: Fahr syndrome is a clinical constellation of symptoms and radiographic findings often seen in late-stage hypoparathyroidism.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Defining the Thyroid-RLN Entry Triangle for Enhanced Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Exposure in TOETVA: A Retrospective Study.

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

December 2024

Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, P.R. China.

Background: Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroid glands (PGs) are the most common and serious complications during the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA), and their exposure and protection are the most important factors affecting the operation time. Here, we report a novel anatomical landmark and surgical method to shorten the operative time and reduce the chance of injury to the RLN and PGs.

Methods: According to the different exposure methods of the RLN, patients were divided into the experimental group (from top to bottom, E-group) and the comparison group (from outside to inside, C-group), and 1:1 propensity score-matching (PSM) was performed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Few studies have reported risk factors for post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism (HPT) in children. We aimed to identify predicting factors for transient and permanent HPT after total thyroidectomy in pediatric patients.

Study Design: Retrospective review of medical charts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Summary: HDR is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by the triad of hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal anomalies caused by haploinsufficiency loss of function of the GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) gene. We present a case of a 56-year-old male diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, renal hypoplasia and epilepsy. Genetic testing revealed a novel GATA3 heterozygous mutation c.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Fatigue is a common symptom encountered in clinical practice, often posing a diagnostic challenge due to its myriad underlying causes. A comprehensive clinical history can serve as a valuable guide in such diagnostic dilemmas. A man in his 30s presented with a history of intermittent fatigue.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Parathyroid gland (PG) auto-transplantation is performed to preserve the function of de-vascularized or unintentionally removed PGs, however, little has been published about the technique and outcomes in children. In our study, we aimed to present the results of PG auto-transplantation in children undergoing thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy at a tertiary single institution. A retrospective review identified 14 patients (<18 years of age) who underwent PG auto-transplantation from January 2000 to December 2022.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: This study evaluates the utility of PTeye autofluorescence (AF) technology in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) surgery.

Methods: A retrospective review analyzed 232 patients undergoing first-time parathyroid surgery between September 2021 and 2023. Of these, 92 underwent surgery consecutively without PTeye assistance, then 140 underwent PTeye-guided surgery consecutively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Context: Pathogenic variants in the TBCE gene, encoding tubulin-specific chaperone E crucial for tubulin folding, are linked to three severe neurodevelopmental disorders: Hypoparathyroidism-retardation-dysmorphism (HRD) syndrome, Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 1, and progressive encephalopathy with amyotrophy and optic atrophy.

Objective: We identified patients with a novel, milder TBCE-associated phenotype and aimed to characterize it at the clinical and molecular levels.

Materials And Methods: We conducted splicing analysis using deep NGS sequencing of RT-PCR products and detected TBCE through Western blotting.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Benign multinodular goiter (BMNG) can grow very large and cause compression symptoms, making the operation procedure difficult. However, the recurrence rate of BMNG ranges from 3% to 43%. Reoperative thyroid surgery for BMNG is uncommon and can result in a high rate of complications, including hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An activating CaSR variant with biased signaling reveals a critical residue for Gα11 coupling.

J Bone Miner Res

December 2024

Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR) and Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (CEDAM), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.

Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) is due to enhanced calcium-dependent signaling caused by heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) variants in the CASR gene (ADH1) or in the GNA11 gene, encoding Gα11 (ADH2). Both ADH1 and ADH2 are associated with hypocalcemia and normal or inappropriately low levels of circulating PTH. ADH1 patients typically manifest hypercalciuria, while ADH2 is associated with short stature in approximately 42% of cases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism: A clinical surgical dilemma.

Saudi Med J

December 2024

From the Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Thyroid dysfunction directly affects human health and overall well-being; various approaches are available for the treatment of thyroid diseases, including conservative measures and surgical interventions. Despite advancements in conservative treatment, surgery remains the preferred option. Hypoparathyroidism is the primary cause of hospitalization after thyroidectomy, leading to cost-related concerns and a detrimental impact on patients' overall quality of life.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To analyse the risk factors of hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy.

Methods: Clinical data of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at a tertiary care hospital in southern part of India were collected retrospectively from January 2021 to May 2023. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the risk factors associated with transient hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcaemia separately.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Feasibility of Lobectomy in Selected Patients with Unilateral N1b Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Ann Surg Oncol

December 2024

Department of Thyroid Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.

Background: Total thyroidectomy (TT) is usually recommended for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM), but no significant improvement in recurrence-free survival (RFS) is seen upon treatment. As an initial surgery, lobectomy may have advantages in appropriately selected unilateral PTC with ipsilateral LLNM.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the feasibility of lobectomy for selected unilateral PTC with ipsilateral LLNM.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neurodevelopmental disorders are thought to arise from intrinsic brain abnormalities. Alternatively, they may arise from disrupted crosstalk among tissues. Here we show the local reduction of two vestibulo-cerebellar lobules, the paraflocculus and flocculus, in mouse models and humans with 22q11.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Calcium and vitamin D substitution for hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy - how is it continued after discharge from hospital?

Langenbecks Arch Surg

December 2024

Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131, Mainz, Germany.

Purpose: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is one of the most feared complications after thyroid surgery. In most cases, HypoPT is transient, requiring temporary substitution with calcium and active vitamin D. The analysis was conducted to investigate how calcium and vitamin D substitution was managed in routine postoperative clinical practice after discharge from hospital.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Influencing Factors of Hypoparathyroidism After Thyroidectomy in Children.

Ear Nose Throat J

December 2024

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China.

Article Synopsis
  • * Recovery of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels showed that 73.5% of patients improved within six months, while some required up to two years, indicating variability in recovery times.
  • * Risk factors for delayed recovery included low PTH levels on the first day post-surgery and bilateral lymph node metastasis, with the study highlighting the need for further examination on when permanent HP is diagnosed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The aim was to determine whether continuous or multiple daily doses of PTH would be more effective in reducing urinary calcium excretion and lowering the nephrolithiasis risk, using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) model.
  • The results indicated that continuous PTH infusion significantly improved phosphate clearance, although its effect on calcium clearance was less pronounced, suggesting that further research on continuous administration is warranted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study presents an in vivo optical hydrogel microneedle platform that measures levels of analytes in interstitial fluid. The platform builds on a previously published technique for molding hydrogel microneedles by developing a composite hydrogel (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: For small papillary thyroid cancers (PTCs) with no lateral nodal involvement, American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend performing prophylactic central lymph node dissection (pCLND) if it influences further management. Our cohort study explored to what extent performing pCLND for small PTCs can de-escalate subsequent therapy including completion thyroidectomy and adjuvant radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation.

Methods: Adults with T1, T2, and cN0 PTCs were identified from 42 centers across the prospectively maintained Australian and New Zealand Thyroid Cancer Registry (ANZTCR) between 2017 and 2023.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hydrocephalus in Sanajd Sakati syndrome: a first clinical report.

Childs Nerv Syst

November 2024

Department of Neurosurgery, King Saud Medical City, C1 Riyadh Health Cluster, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Article Synopsis
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Thyroid surgeries are intricate operations that carry the risk of damaging the parathyroid glands, which can result in hypocalcemia and potential long-term hypoparathyroidism. Innovative surgical techniques including Intraoperative Nanocarbon Staining (INS), aim to enhance the preservation of parathyroid glands. This study assesses the effectiveness of INS combined with parathyroid autotransplantation in reducing postoperative complications and preserving parathyroid function.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Parathyroid hormone-based algorithm reduces complications after total thyroidectomy.

Surgery

November 2024

Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Groupe de Recherche Clinique No. 16 Thyroid Tumors, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.

Article Synopsis
  • The study analyzed patients from 2017 to 2022, comparing postoperative serum calcium levels and PTH levels taken shortly after the surgery to create a management algorithm involving calcium and alfacalcidol for those with low intraoperative PTH levels.
  • Results showed that using intraoperative PTH levels improved prediction of symptomatic hypocalcemia significantly, identifying 90% of cases, while only 58% could be predicted using postoperative serum calcium levels alone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia type 1 (ADH1), caused by gain-of-function variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR), is characterized by a variable degree of hypocalcemia and hypercalciuria with inappropriately low PTH. The clinical spectrum is broad, ranging from being asymptomatic to presenting with severe clinical features of hypocalcemia and end-organ damage such as nephrolithiasis and intracerebral calcifications. Although the underlying pathophysiology is different, ADH1 patients are often managed as patients with 'classical' primary hypoparathyroidism, possibly leading to (exacerbation of) hypercalciuria.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF