Catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens identified by secA1sequencing in an immunocompromised child: a case report.

Background: Tsukamurella spp. are obligate aerobic, gram-positive, non-motile, and slightly acid-fast bacilli belonging to the Actinomycetes family. They share many characteristics with Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Gordonia, and the rapidly growing Mycobacterium species.

Change in use of pediatric oral antibiotics in Japan, pre- and post-implementation of an antimicrobial resistance action plan.

Background: Most antimicrobials are prescribed to outpatients, making outpatient antibiotic prescription an important target for antibiotic stewardship. A national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) action plan was developed in 2016 by the Japanese government with various antimicrobials steawardship activities for pediatric outpatients. We aimed to evaluate changes in antibiotic use pre- and post-implementation of the AMR action plan.

Epidemiology of group B streptococcal disease in infants younger than 1 year in Japan: a nationwide surveillance study 2016-2020.

We aimed to define the burden and clinical features of invasive group B streptococcus (GBS) disease in infants younger than 1 year in Japan, to explore transmission route of late-onset disease (LOD), and to identify risk factors associated with recurrent GBS disease. We conducted a retrospective, questionnaire-based nationwide surveillance study between 2016 and 2020. A total of 875 GBS cases were identified, including 186 early-onset disease, 628 LOD, and 61 ultra-late-onset disease.

Prospective monitoring of carbapenem use and pseudomonal resistance across pediatric institutions.

Objective: To determine whether carbapenem consumption and Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance rates can be used as benchmarks to compare and improve antimicrobial stewardship programs across multiple pediatric hospitals.

Design: A prospective study.

Setting And Participants: Healthcare institutions in Japan with >100 pediatric beds.

Targets for Optimizing Oral Antibiotic Prescriptions for Pediatric Outpatients in Japan.

In Japan, 92.6% of antibiotics consumed are oral agents; most of these are for outpatients. A significant proportion is known to be dispensed for children; however, the specific pattern of antibiotic prescription in accordance with clinical specialty is still unclear.

Nationwide study of outpatient oral antimicrobial utilization patterns for children in Japan (2013-2016).

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major multinational public health concern. The Japanese government set goals in its AMR action plan to reduce use of oral cephalosporins, macrolides, and quinolones by half between 2013 and 2020. We aimed to evaluate antimicrobial use in children in Japan by observing prescription patterns as an interim assessment of the national AMR action plan.