Hydrofluoric acid burns in the western Zhejiang Province of China: a 10-year epidemiological study.

Background: Chemical burns caused by hydrofluoric acid (HF) frequently occur in the Western Zhejiang Province. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HF burns within this region.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective analysis was conducted using data from all inpatients with HF burns.

Timeline of health care-associated infections and pathogens after burn injuries.

Background: Infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after burn injuries. Here, we describe the time line of infections and pathogens after burns.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in a large tertiary care burn center from 2004-2013.

Importance of initial management and surgical treatment after hydrofluoric acid burn of the finger.

Occupational injuries to digits due to hydrofluoric acid (HFA) are frequently encountered. They have distinctive features, including intense pain, progressive tissue necrosis, and possible bone erosion. To minimize tissue damage, it is of great importance to execute prudent preoperative assessment and determine the correct surgical modality to reconstruct and maintain the function of the hand.

Combined acute inhalation of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid: a case report and literature review.

We describe a nonlethal, delayed onset case of combined acute inhalation of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) and nitric acid (NA) together with a review of the literature. Our patient was exposed to fumes of a 12% HFA and 22% NA solution in a closed environment and suffered during several months after the incident from exertional dyspnoea but recovered completely. Since HFA and NA are dangerous and widely used substances, preparedness for exposure is mandatory.

Optical coherence tomography analysis of hydrofluoric acid decontamination of human cornea by mannitol solution.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of mannitol solution as a decontamination agent on the chemical burn of the human corneas.

Methods: Eight donor corneas from an eye bank were exposed to 25μl of 2.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution on a filter paper for 20s.

[Hydrofluoric acid burns].

Hydrofluoric acid is increasingly used as a rust remover and detergent. Dermal contact with hydrofluoric acid results in a chemical burn characterized by severe pain and deep tissue necrosis. It may cause electrolyte imbalances with lethal consequences.

Status of industrial fluoride pollution and its diverse adverse health effects in man and domestic animals in India.

Hydrofluorosis in humans and domestic animals is a worldwide health problem and caused by a prolonged period of fluoride exposure through drinking of fluoride contaminated water. But in recent years, due to rapid industrialization in India, diverse serious health problems among industrial workers and residents and domestic animals living in the industrial areas due to fluoride pollution are on the rise. A number of coal-burning and industrial activities such as power-generating stations, welding operations and the manufacturing or production of steel, iron, aluminum, zinc, phosphorus, chemical fertilizers, bricks, glass, plastic, cement, and hydrofluoric acid are generally discharging fluoride in both gaseous and particulate/dust forms into surrounding environments which create a industrial fluoride pollution and are an important cause of occupational exposure to fluoride in several countries including India.

Barium concentration in cast roe deer antlers related to air pollution caused by burning of barium-enriched coals in southern Poland.

Concentrations of Ba, Zn, Pb, Fe, and Mn were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy in freshly cast antlers from male roe deer of different ages (2 to 4 years old and older than 4 years) collected in Balin near Chrzanów and in the vicinity of Żywiec, S Poland. Barium content ranged from 124 to 196 ppm (mean 165 ppm) in the Balin 12 samples and from 207 to 351 ppm (mean 287 ppm) in 3 antlers from Żywiec. The concentration of Ba was comparable to that of Zn (134-275 ppm, mean 169 ppm).

Ten-year epidemiology of chemical burns in western Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Chemical burns occur frequently in western Zhejiang Province. This study documents the epidemiology of chemical burns in the region using burn data from a local specialized hospital. Results from this analysis will assist in the planning of prevention strategies for high-risk occupations and groups.

The prediction of survival of patients with gastric cancer with PD-L1 expression using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.

Gastric cancer is the one of the most common cancers around the world. The prognosis of gastric cancer remains poor, due to the biological characteristics of the primary tumor as well as the recurrence after treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests the implication of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cancer.

Silver- and fluoride-containing mesoporous bioactive glasses versus commonly used antibiotics: Activity against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from patients with burns.

The wound healing process is frequently associated with a number of major clinical challenges, due to the failure of commonly used antibiotics as a remedy for wounds. There have always been fascinating questions about the novel applications of bioactive glasses (BGs) and it is expected that in the next few years these types of materials may play an important role in many aspects of soft tissue regeneration. This research focuses on the feasibility of using silver- and fluoride-containing BGs against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from patients with burns.

Occupational Hydrofluoric Acid Injury from Car and Truck Washing--Washington State, 2001-2013.

Exposure to hydrofluoric acid (HF) causes corrosive chemical burns and potentially fatal systemic toxicity. Car and truck wash cleaning products, rust removers, and aluminum brighteners often contain HF because it is efficient in breaking down roadway matter. The death of a truck wash worker from ingestion of an HF-based wash product and 48 occupational HF burn cases associated with car and truck washing in Washington State during 2001-2013 are summarized in this report.

[Determination of Trace Germanium in Plant Samples by Dry Ashing-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry].

To reduce the limit of detection (LOD) and allow the accurate determination of Ge, a dry ashing method was performed to enrich the Ge in plant samples. A method for the determination.of trace Ge in plant samples by HG-AFS was established.

Injuries following a serious hydrofluoric acid leak: First aid and lessons.

Hydrofluoric acid is a dangerous inorganic acid that can cause local corrosion and systemic effects by ongoing absorption via the skin, mucosae, respiratory tract and digestive system. Recently, a serious toxic leak of low-concentration hydrofluoric acid solution occurred in the Pujiang area of Zhejiang Province, China. This accident resulted in 253 cases of chemical injury due to hydrofluoric acid exposure.

[Plaque-like leiomyomas on a chemical burn: First case report].

Background: Cutaneous leiomyomas are uncommon benign smooth muscle neoplasms of skin of unknown pathogenesis. We report a sporadic case of multiple cutaneous leiomyomas at the site of a chemical burn.

Observation: A 47-year-old male presented with multiple grouped red nodules on the right calf painful to cold and to touch.