Optimization of a Pressurized Extraction Process Based on a Ternary Solvent System for the Recovery of Neuroprotective Compounds from Leaves.

Green chemistry focuses on reducing the environmental impacts of chemicals through sustainable practices. Traditional methods for extracting bioactive compounds from leaves, such as hydro-distillation and organic solvent extraction, have limitations, including long extraction times, high energy consumption, and potential toxic solvent residues. This study explored the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and gas-expanded liquid (GXL) processes to improve efficiency and selectivity.

Bayesian multiple linear regression method for simultaneous determination of Cherenkov counting efficiencies of Sr, Sr and Y from mixed standard including Sr and Sr.

In this study, Bayesian linear regression was employed to simultaneously determine Cherenkov counting efficiencies for ⁸⁹Sr, ⁹⁰Sr, and ⁹⁰Y from a mixed standard. Among the two codes utilized, PyMC3 and Stan, the latter produced more reliable posterior distributions for the three efficiencies, particularly for ⁹⁰Sr which is challenging to estimate due to its minimal activity changes. Validation showed excellent agreement between the activities determined with Stan's estimates and the certified activities, implying the applicability of the Bayesian approach.

Synthesis and crystal structure of -10-(4-cyano-phen-yl)-10,11,22,23-tetra-hydro-9,21-5,8:15,12-bis-(metheno)[1,5,11]tri-aza-cyclo-hexadecino[1,16-:5,6-']di-indole di-chloro-methane monosolvate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound is composed of one host mol-ecule, -4-(1 ,5 -3-aza-1,5(3,9)-dicarbazola-cyclo-octa-phane-3-yl)benzo-nitrile and one di-chloro-methane solvate mol-ecule, CHN·CHCl. The host mol-ecule possesses a planar chirality but crystallizes as a racemate in the space group 2/. It adopts an -configuration, in which two carbazole rings are partially overlapped with a parallel orientation.

On the Feasibility of Detecting Faults and Irregularities in On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs) by Vibroacoustic Signal Analysis.

Unlike traditional tap changers, which require transformers to be de-energized before making changes, On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs) can adjust taps while the transformer is in service, ensuring continuous power supply during voltage regulation. OLTCs enhance grid reliability and support load balancing, reducing strain on the network and optimizing power quality. Their importance has grown as the demand for stable voltage and the integration of renewables has increased, making them vital for modern and resilient power systems.

Structural isomers of carene persuade apoptotic cell death by inhibiting cell cycle in breast cancer cells: An in silico and in vitro approach.

For the first time, our study provides a comprehensive examination of the anti-cancer effects of structural isomers of carene in breast cancer cells, specifically focusing on cell cycle inhibition and the induction of apoptosis. We utilized the hydro-distillation method to extract Piper nigrum seed essential oil (PNS-EO) and identified its bioactive components through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. A total of 46 bioactive compounds were isolated via hydro-distillation, identified through GC-MS analysis, and validated by co-injection using GC analysis.

Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups.

Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes such as subgroup formation and fission-fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals.

Significant Enhancement Catalytic Activity of Nitrile Hydratase by Balancing the Subunits Expression.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most commonly used bacterial recombinant protein production system due to its easy genetic modification properties. In our previous study, a recombinant plasmid expressing the Fe-type nitrile hydratase derived from Rhodococcus erythropolis CCM2595 (ReNHase) was successfully constructed and the recombinant ReNHase exerted an excellent catalytic effect on dinitrile compounds.

Effects of rock content and spatial distribution on the stability of soil rock mixture embankments.

Soil-rock mixture embankments are essential for infrastructure stability, particularly in high-fill construction projects. This study evaluates the effects of rock content and spatial distribution of rock blocks on the bearing capacity, stability, and failure sliding surfaces of SRM embankments through static load model tests. An Equation for Sliding Surface of Block-Rock Content and Distribution was developed to calculate sliding surfaces based on rock content and distribution, and validated it through numerical simulation experiments.

Interconnected impacts of water resource management and climate change on microplastic pollution and riverine biocoenosis: A review by freshwater ecologists.

The relationship between river hydrology and microplastic (MP) pollution is complex: increased discharge does not always mobilize more MPs, but floods can effectively flush out MPs from river catchments. Climate change and water resource management further influence MP pollution and its fate by altering river hydro-sedimentary regimes. This review investigates the interconnected impacts of these factors from a comprehensive perspective, focusing on how they affect MP concentration in freshwater ecosystems, particularly in regulated rivers and associated reservoirs.

An overview of extraction, isolation and characterization techniques of phytocompounds from medicinal plants.

Medicinal plants have been used since time immemorial for the treatment of many types of diseases along with epidemics. They show many biological activities like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-insecticidal, antibiotic, anti-parasitic, anti-hemolytic properties etc. Different types of bioactive compounds, present in the medicinal plants, play a key role in prevention of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines.

Development of equivalent dose assessment methodology for the lens of the eye at nuclear power plant workers.

As the International Commission on Radiological Protection lowers the equivalent dose limit for lens of the eye of radiation workers, the importance of radiation protection for the lens of the eye has been increased. In the case of poor working condition, such as high temperatures and humid environments at nuclear power plants, wearing an eye dosemeter near the worker's eye may interfere with work. In addition, it would not be reasonable for all workers to wear an eye dosemeter to evaluate the lens equivalent dose even in areas with an expected low exposure dose in the NPPs.

Morphodynamics drive the transport and accumulation of anthropogenic microparticles in tropical coastal depositional systems in southeastern Brazil.

A significant limitation in current coastal pollution research is that microplastics (<5 mm) comprise only a fraction of all anthropogenic microparticles (AMP, <5 mm) scale residues. Comprehensive AMP assessments, including those comprising semisynthetic, and modified natural compositions, are lacking. For instance, the accumulation of AMP in different coastal morphological features within a depositional system remains poorly known, fueling long-lasting debates about the distribution process of microparticles.

Characteristic analysis method for integrated multi-parameter hydro-viscous speed control system.

Hydro-viscous clutch has become an inevitable choice for special vehicle transmissions. As a nonlinear dynamic system with large lagging link, its timing performance is affected by input rotational speed, lubricating oil temperature and pressure and other factors. However, from the control perspective, the speed regulation law, formation mechanism control characteristics, global model of hydro-viscous speed control system (HSCS) are unclear.

Investigating the impacts of groundwater and anisotropy on thermal-hydro-mechanical coupling with multi-dimensional analysis.

This paper examines the thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupling behavior of layered transversely isotropic media under axisymmetric and plane strain conditions by utilizing the transformed differential quadrature method (TDQM), taking groundwater into consideration. Initially, the coupled governing equations of layered transversely isotropic media in multi-dimensional coordinate systems are established with considering the influence of groundwater levels. Subsequently, appropriate integral transform methods are applied to derive ordinary differential equations under different coordinate systems.

Predictive heating load management and energy flexibility analysis in residential sector using an archetype gray-box modeling approach: Application to an experimental house in Québec.

This paper presents a methodology to develop archetype gray-box models and use them in an economic model-based predictive control algorithm to simulate optimal heating load management in response to a newly-introduced static time-of-use tariff for Québec's residential sector, rate Flex-D. The methodology is evaluated through a case study, wherein in situ measurements from a two-storey unoccupied research house of Hydro-Québec are used to develop an 11R6C network with a heuristic zoning-by-floor approach and compute the sequence of optimal electric heating input for the next control horizon. Properly-tuned economic model-based predictive control under rate Flex-D shows potential for an approximately 30% reduction in daily heating cost compared to the reference operation, with a minimal average deviation of indoor air temperature from the reference setpoint.

Antimicrobial and antioxidant study of combined essential oils of Anethum Sowa Kurz. and Trachyspermum ammi (L.) along with quality determination, comparative histo-anatomical features, GC‒MS and HPTLC chemometrics.

Spices played crucial and variable roles in traditions, culture, history, religious ceremonials and festivals along with fetching food flavor and microbial protection globally due to presence of structurally unique and multi-natured chemotypes. Their existence in dishes portrayed key roles in improving shelf life by regulating spoilage of cuisine with different synergistic mechanism. Histo-anatomically (A) sowa exhibited distinguished cellular attributes which created remarkable differences with T.

Understanding the Endocrine and Molecular Signaling Cascade Regulation Pathways in Children with Hypospadias.

Hypospadias (HS) is a congenital defect that occurs due to defective androgenization. It is characterized by the aberrant location of the urinary meatus on the ventral aspect of the penis with various degrees of severity. The molecular mechanisms and genetic associations underlying the condition remain largely unknown.

Numerical modelling of downstream scour in circular culverts: Impact of inlet blockages and variable flow conditions.

An accurate estimate of scour depth downstream of culvert outlets is essential for culvert design integrity. Inadequate designs can result in structural failures, leading to increased costs for maintenance and rehabilitation. The present research evaluates the efficacy of numerical models in predicting scour depth and its location downstream of circular culverts under variable flow conditions.

Antioxidative properties, phenolic compounds, and in vitro protective efficacy of multi-herbal hydro-alcoholic extracts of ginger, turmeric, and thyme against the toxicity of aflatoxin B on mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cell line.

Aflatoxin B (AFB), the most potent toxic and carcinogenic secondary fungal metabolite, has frequently been reported in food/feed. Nowadays, herbal extracts are considered safe dietary additives to reduce the toxicity of such compounds. The protective capability of various combinations of hydro-alcoholic extracts (HAEs) of ginger, turmeric, and Shirazi thyme, against the toxicity of AFB on the RAW264.

Nanoparticle-based itaconate treatment recapitulates low-cholesterol/low-fat diet-induced atherosclerotic plaque resolution.

Current pharmacologic treatments for atherosclerosis do not completely protect patients; additional protection can be achieved by dietary modifications, such as a low-cholesterol/low-fat diet (LCLFD), that mediate plaque stabilization and inflammation reduction. However, this lifestyle modification can be challenging for patients. Unfortunately, incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms has thwarted efforts to mimic the protective effects of a LCLFD.

Using machine learning for the assessment of ecological status of unmonitored waters in Poland.

Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology allow for development of new tools for analytics and management which present new opportunities in field of environmental protection. The following study showcases usage of Machine Learning (ML) techniques as a complementary method for water status assessment of water bodies. Since the main goal of Water Framework Directive (WFD) is to improve the quality of water and reach good status in all the water bodies across Europe intensive monitoring program was launched together with water status assessment procedure.

A New Mechanism for the Inhibition of SA106 Gr.B Carbon Steel Corrosion by Nitrite in Alkaline Water.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of oxide films formed on SA106 Gr.B carbon steel in nitrite solutions at 35 °C for 1000 h. The product of the reduction of nitrite during the corrosion inhibition process was also examined.