Identification of microRNAs and their gene targets in cytoplasmic male sterile and fertile maintainer lines of pigeonpea.

Comparative analysis of genome-wide miRNAs and their gene targets between cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and fertile lines of pigeonpea suggests a possible role of miRNA-regulated pathways in reproductive development. Exploitation of hybrid vigor using CMS technology has delivered nearly 50% yield gain in pigeonpea. Among various sterility-inducing cytoplasms (A-A) reported so far in pigeonpea, A and A are the two major sources that facilitate hybrid seed production.

Role of Prostaglandins in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder with chronic inflammation in the central nervous system, manifested by both physical and cognitive disability. Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration are the phenomena that appear in the central nervous system associated with various neurodegenerative disorders, including MS, Alzheimer's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Prostaglandins are one of the major mediators of inflammation that exhibit an important function in enhancing neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes.

Synthesis of Propargylamines via Michael Addition Using Methyl Vinyl Ketone Derivatives, 1-Alkynes, and Secondary Amines Catalyzed by Copper (I) Halides.

Propargylamines are synthesized from methyl vinyl ketone derivatives, 1-alkynes, and secondary amines catalyzed by Cu salts involving the Michael addition of amine followed by an unusual C-C bond cleavage and addition of metal acetylides formed in situ to iminium ions. In this approach, the di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted propargylamines are synthesized in 46-98% yields.

Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Allenoates via Phosphine-Catalyzed and ZnI-Promoted Preparation of Oxazolidines and Propargylamines Using Chiral Amines, 1-Alkynes, and Propiolates.

Diphenylphosphinoethane (DPPE)-catalyzed and ZnI-promoted in situ formation of oxazolidine, alkynyl zinc, and propargylamine intermediates from 1-alkynes, chiral (S)-diphenyl(pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanol, and propiolates gave the corresponding chiral (R)-β-allenoates in 40-72% yield with up to >99% ee. The intermediate propargylamine was isolated in 50% yield and converted to give the β-allenoate 10aa in 68% yield and 96% ee upon reaction with ZnI. The results are discussed considering a mechanism involving oxazolidine and iminium ions formed in situ followed by addition of alkynyl zinc complex to produce the propargylamine that gives the corresponding allenoate via a 1,5-hydrogen shift in the presence of ZnI.

Understanding the Contextual Factors Affecting Women's Health in Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Contextual factors impact health the same way social and cultural conditions do. Women's health, with its varying dimensions, is also under the influence of biological, societal, and cultural contexts. This typical condition has been developed along the continuum of their life cycle, bearing close correlation with their lif style.

Metal catalyst free cyclization of 3-alkynyl substituted 2-(indol-3-yl)quinoxalines in TFA alone: a new synthesis of indolophenazines.

TFA alone was found to be remarkably effective for the intramolecular hydroarylation (IMHA) of alkynes when employed as a solvent in the cyclization of 3-alkynyl substituted 2-(indol-3-yl)quinoxalines. This simple and metal free cyclization method afforded a range of indolophenazines as new and potential cytotoxic agents. The use of excess TFA was found to be crucial for the success of this reaction.

Glucose induced activation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma is regulated by DKK4.

Elevated glycemic index, an important feature of diabetes is implicated in an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this association are relatively less explored. Present study investigates the effect of hyperglycemia over HCC proliferation.

Evaluation of orange peel for biosurfactant production by Bacillus licheniformis and their ability to degrade naphthalene and crude oil.

A Gram-positive bacterium was isolated from mangrove soil and was identified as Bacillus licheniformis (KC710973). The potential of a mangrove microorganism to utilize different natural waste carbon substrates for biosurfactant production and biodegradation of hydrocarbons was evaluated. Among several substrates used in the present study, orange peel was found to be best substrate of biosurfactant yield with 1.

A novel acoustic-vibratory multimodal duet.

The communication strategy of most crickets and bushcrickets typically consists of males broadcasting loud acoustic calling songs, while females perform phonotaxis, moving towards the source of the call. Males of the pseudophylline bushcricket species Onomarchus uninotatus produce an unusually low-pitched call, and we found that the immediate and most robust response of females to the male acoustic call was a bodily vibration, or tremulation, following each syllable of the call. We hypothesized that these bodily oscillations might send out a vibrational signal along the substrate on which the female stands, which males could use to localize her position.

Synthesis of chiral 2,3-disubstituted 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives.

Racemic 2,3-diaryl-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) derivatives are synthesized from the readily accessible piperazines in 50-64% yield by cyclization using ethylene bromide, triethylamine, and KI at 80 °C.

Convenient methods for the synthesis of chiral amino alcohols and amines.

Simple, convenient methods have been developed using readily available, easy-to-handle reagents to access a variety of chiral amino alcohols and amines, which have considerable potential for applications in asymmetric organic transformations. Scholars from this laboratory in India have made significant contributions to this field, which is the subject of the current review.

Standardizing the technique of measurement of the collo-diaphyseal angle.

Anatomically the female pelvis because of its reproductive function is broader than that of the male. The female, being genetically shorter than the male, has a shorter femur which, combined with the broad pelvis, results in a comparatively smaller collo-diaphyseal angle than the male. When relevant literature was reviewed mixed results were seen which appear to have been settled by this study.