Systematic Review of the Comparative Studies of Image-guided Thermal Ablation, Stereotactic Radiosurgery, and Sublobar Resection for Treatment of High-Risk Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The Clinical Practice Standards Committee of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery assembled an expert panel and conducted a systematic review of the literature detailing studies directly comparing treatment options for high-risk patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A systematic search was performed to identify publications comparing outcomes following image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA), stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), and sublobar resection-the main treatment options applicable to high-risk patients with stage I NSCLC. There were no publications detailing completed randomized controlled trials comparing these treatment options.

Systematic Review of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR)/ Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Treatment of High-Risk Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has emerged as an alternative, non-surgical treatment for high-risk patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with increased use over time. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) assembled an expert panel and conducted a systematic review of the literature evaluating the results of SABR, which is also referred to as stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), prior to developing treatment recommendations for high-risk patients with stage I NSCLC based on expert consensus. Publications detailing the findings of 16 prospective studies of SABR and 14 retrospective studies of SABR for the management of early-stage lung cancer in 54 697 patients were identified by systematic review of the literature with further review by members of our expert panel.

Systematic Review of Sublobar Resection for Treatment of High-Risk Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Sublobar resection offers a parenchymal-sparing surgical alternative to lobectomy and includes wedge resection and segmentectomy. Sublobar resection has been historically utilized in high-risk patients with compromised lung function; however, the technique is becoming more prevalent for normal-risk patients with peripheral lung tumors < 2 cm. In this article, we summarize the technique of sublobar resection, the importance of surgical margins and lymph node sampling, patient selection, perioperative complications, outcomes, and the impact of sublobar resection on the quality of life.

Treatment Selection for the High-risk Patient with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Sublobar Resection, Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy or Image-guided Thermal Ablation?

Objective: A significant proportion of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are considered at high risk for complications or mortality after lobectomy. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) previously published an expert consensus document detailing important considerations in determining who is at high risk. The current objective was to evaluate treatment options and important factors to consider during treatment selection for these high-risk patients.

Systematic Review of Image-guided Thermal Ablation for Treatment of High-Risk Patients with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) applied to pulmonary pathology is an alternative to surgery in high-risk patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its application to lung neoplasm was first introduced in 2001 and has been implemented to treat metastatic disease to the lung or in select medically inoperable patients with peripheral stage I NSCLC. IGTA may also be an alternative to treat stage I NSCLC in non-operable patients with interstitial lung disease in whom a radiation modality is deemed too high risk.

The Importance of Pulmonary Nodule Features in the Selection of Treatment for the High-risk Patient with Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: The American Association for Thoracic Surgery (AATS) Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) previously published important considerations in determining who is at high risk for complications or mortality after lobectomy. Sublobar resection, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, or image-guided thermal ablation is typically considered when the risks associated with lobectomy are high. The current objective was to evaluate important lung-nodule-related factors to consider during treatment selection for high-risk patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Rehabilitation practices during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An international survey.

Background And Objective: Rehabilitation therapy plays an important role in treating physical and functional impairments observed in individuals undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). This study assessed the rehabilitation practices implemented in the HSCT population internationally.

Materials And Methods: A 48-question online survey comprising questions soliciting information regarding patient characteristics, therapy details (timing, indication, and administering providers), outcome measures, and precautions were developed by an international group of cancer rehabilitation physicians.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Surgical Management and Evolving Therapies.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in men and the eighth most common cancer in women worldwide. It is also the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with 780,000 deaths in 2018. Seventy-two percent of HCC cases occur in Asia, 10% in Europe, 8% in Africa, 5% in North America, and 5% in Latin America (Singal et al.

Estrogen Receptor Alpha Mutations, Truncations, Heterodimers, and Therapies.

Annual breast cancer (BCa) deaths have declined since its apex in 1989 concomitant with widespread adoption of hormone therapies that target estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), the prominent nuclear receptor expressed in ∼80% of BCa. However, up to ∼50% of patients who are ER+ with high-risk disease experience post endocrine therapy relapse and metastasis to distant organs. The vast majority of BCa mortality occurs in this setting, highlighting the inadequacy of current therapies.

Cherenkov Light Emission in Pure Cherenkov Emitters for Prompt Gamma Imaging.

Proton range verification (PRV) in proton therapy by means of prompt-gamma detection is a promising but challenging approach. High count rates, energies ranging between 1 MeV and 7 MeV, and a strong background complicate the detection of such particles. In this work, the Cherenkov light generated by prompt-gammas in the pure Cherenkov emitters TlBr, TlCl and PbF was studied.

Clinician preferences on treatment of smoldering myeloma: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic precursor condition to multiple myeloma (MM) with a variable risk of progression. The management of high-risk SMM (HR-SMM) remains controversial, particularly with changes in diagnostic criteria that led to reclassifying of some patients with SMM to MM. This study aimed to assess clinician preferences for whether to treat patients with HR-SMM and/or patients with MM diagnosed solely by SLiM criteria (free light chain ratio >100, bone marrow plasma cell percentage >60, greater than two focal marrow lesions on MRI) through an electronic survey.

A multicenter phase Ib trial of the histone deacetylase inhibitor entinostat in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms or acute myeloid leukemia refractory to hypomethylating agents.

Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with hypomethylating agent failure have a poor prognosis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can contribute to MDS progression and mediate resistance to anti-PD1 therapy. As histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) decrease MDSCs in preclinical models, we conducted an investigator-initiated, NCI-Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program-sponsored, multicenter, dose escalation, and expansion phase Ib trial (NCT02936752) of the HDACi entinostat and the anti-PD1 antibody pembrolizumab.

European LeukemiaNet laboratory recommendations for the diagnosis and management of chronic myeloid leukemia.

From the laboratory perspective, effective management of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) requires accurate diagnosis, assessment of prognostic markers, sequential assessment of levels of residual disease and investigation of possible reasons for resistance, relapse or progression. Our scientific and clinical knowledge underpinning these requirements continues to evolve, as do laboratory methods and technologies. The European LeukemiaNet convened an expert panel to critically consider the current status of genetic laboratory approaches to help diagnose and manage CML patients.

Systemic Therapy for Tumor Control in Metastatic Well-Differentiated Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: ASCO Guideline.

Purpose: To develop recommendations for systemic therapy for well-differentiated grade 1 (G1) to grade 3 (G3) metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs).

Methods: ASCO convened an Expert Panel to conduct a systematic review of relevant studies and develop recommendations for clinical practice.

Results: Eight randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and In-Person Visit Rate Disruptions Among Patients With Hematologic Neoplasms in the US in 2020 to 2021.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a reduction in routine in-person medical care; however, it is unknown whether there have been any changes in visit rates among patients with hematologic neoplasms.

Objective: To examine associations between the COVID-19 pandemic and in-person visits and telemedicine use among patients undergoing active treatment for hematologic neoplasms.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data for this retrospective observational cohort study were obtained from a nationwide electronic health record-derived, deidentified database.

A comprehensive SEER registry analysis of elderly patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma based on treatment era and race.

We conducted a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER-18) registry analysis of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients more than 60 years old and compared outcomes of those diagnosed between 2006 and 2010 (cohort 1) to those identified between 2011 and 2015 (cohort 2) based on treatment era and race. Cohort 1 had a median overall survival (OS) of 4 years and cohort 2 had a median OS of 4.75 years [hazard ratio (HR): 0.

Plasma Copy Number Alteration-Based Prognostic and Predictive Multi-Gene Risk Score in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) accounted for more than 34,000 deaths in US males [...