Investigating the Relationship Between Disaster Preparedness Knowledge, Disaster Related Stress, and Post-Disaster Depression Among Students and Faculty in Higher Education.

The worldwide prevalence of disasters exposes students, staff, and faculty at colleges and universities to multiple disasters, potentially impacting their mental health. This study investigates the influence of cumulative disaster-related stressors on depression among 1,497 higher education participants. Results from modified Poisson regression analyses reveal that individuals exposed to cumulative stressors (COVID-19 and Hurricane Sandy) have a higher prevalence of depression (PR 4.

Evaluating Occupational Workforce and Practices in New York Metropolitan Nail Salons.

This study investigated workforce characteristics, work practices, protective measures, and health symptoms among nail salon workers in New York and New Jersey following the implementation of local exhaust ventilation (LEV) regulations in New York. An online survey conducted from 2022 to 2023 targeted registered nail salons and manicurists in both states ( = 146). The majority of respondents were Asian, primarily Korean (52.

Large and unequal life expectancy declines during the COVID-19 pandemic in India in 2020.

Global population health during the COVID-19 pandemic is poorly understood because of weak mortality monitoring in low- and middle-income countries. High-quality survey data on 765,180 individuals, representative of one-fourth of India's population, uncover patterns missed by incomplete vital statistics and disease surveillance. Compared to 2019, life expectancy at birth was 2.

Potential Alzheimer's early biomarkers in a transgenic rat model and benefits of diazoxide/dibenzoylmethane co-treatment on spatial memory and AD-pathology.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major form of dementia prevalent in older adults and with a high incidence in females. Identification of early biomarkers is essential for preventive intervention to delay its progression. Furthermore, due to its multifactorial nature, a multi-target approach could be therapeutically beneficial.

Analyzing tiger interaction and home range shifts using a time-geographic approach.

Background: Interaction through movement can be used as a marker to understand and model interspecific and intraspecific species dynamics, and the collective behavior of animals sharing the same space. This research leverages the time-geography framework, commonly used in human movement research, to explore the dynamic patterns of interaction between Indochinese tigers (Panthera tigris corbeti) in the western forest complex (WEFCOM) in Thailand.

Methods: We propose and assess ORTEGA, a time-geographic interaction analysis method, to trace spatio-temporal interactions patterns and home range shifts among tigers.

Gun violence and the voices of youth on community safety in the time of COVID-19 in East Harlem, NY: a youth participatory action research cross-sectional study.

Background: The USA has failed to codify the protection of children from gun violence (GV) as a human right. This study employs a youth participatory action research methodology, within the framework of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), to investigate the relationships between GV exposure, self-identified gender and perceptions of children's rights and safety.

Methods: An anonymous survey based on UNICEF USA's Child Friendly Cities Initiative interactive survey tool targeting adolescents was modified by East Harlem, New York high school student co-researchers in collaboration with near-peer graduate students.

Annular pancreas: Beneath the intestinal obstruction-A case report.

Annular pancreas is an uncommon congenital anomaly which is a rare cause of congenital duodenal obstruction. It is normally identified during the neonatal period, but may also be identified in adolescence or adulthood. This diagnosis is often overlooked in adult patients who present with symptoms suggestive of duodenal obstruction.

Problems and Mysteries of the Many Languages of Thought.

"What is the structure of thought?" is as central a question as any in cognitive science. A classic answer to this question has appealed to a Language of Thought (LoT). We point to emerging research from disparate branches of the field that supports the LoT hypothesis, but also uncovers diversity in LoTs across cognitive systems, stages of development, and species.

The Role of State Mobilization for Volunteerism in China.

Research on China's volunteerism highlights the state as a major force in mobilizing volunteer participation. Nevertheless, limited quantitative research exists documenting the extent to which Chinese volunteers are connected to the state system. Using a nationally representative dataset, the 2012 Chinese General Social Survey, this study examines how an individual's employment affiliation with state-controlled institutions influences their probability to volunteer.

Females exhibit higher GluA2 levels and outperform males in active place avoidance despite increased amyloid plaques in TgF344-Alzheimer's rats.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is most prevalent in females. While estrogen provides neuroprotection in females, sex mediated differences in the development of AD pathology are not fully elucidated. Therefore, comparing events between sexes in early-stage AD pathology may reveal more effective therapeutic targets of intervention.

Superficial intraventricular surface siderosis brain.

Superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a chronic condition characterized by hemosiderin deposition in the brain and spinal cord. It's diagnosed by brain MRI. It can be caused by low-grade extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space of the brain.

Gorham-Stout disease, a diagnosis of exclusion.

Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) also known as vanishing bone disease is an idiopathic and rare condition characterized by gross and progressive bone loss along with excessive growth of vascular and lymphatic tissue. Very little is known about the pathogenesis of GSD, which makes the diagnosis challenging and often diagnosed by elimination. We report a case of GSD in a 41-year-old male patient.

Increased risk of COVID-19-related admissions in patients with active solid organ cancer in the West Midlands region of the UK: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Susceptibility of patients with cancer to COVID-19 pneumonitis has been variable. We aim to quantify the risk of hospitalisation in patients with active cancer and use a machine learning algorithm (MLA) and traditional statistics to predict clinical outcomes and mortality.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Gender Differences in Adolescents' Work and Family Orientations in the United States.

We use the Education Longitudinal Study: 2002 to compare the perceived importance of work and family achievement among young women and men. We apply latent class analysis to identify distinct configurations of values, then examine associations between latent classes and educational and occupational expectations. Results show high ambitions for both work and family among both young women and men.

Recognizing animal personhood in compassionate conservation.

Compassionate conservation is based on the ethical position that actions taken to protect biodiversity should be guided by compassion for all sentient beings. Critics argue that there are 3 core reasons harming animals is acceptable in conservation programs: the primary purpose of conservation is biodiversity protection; conservation is already compassionate to animals; and conservation should prioritize compassion to humans. We used argument analysis to clarify the values and logics underlying the debate around compassionate conservation.

Oncogenic Role of PVT1 and Therapeutic Implications.

PVT1, a long non-coding RNA has been implicated in a variety of human cancers. Recent advancements have led to increasing discovery of the critical roles of PVT1 in cancer initiation and progression. Novel insight is emerging about PVT1's mechanism of action in different cancers.

Specialized sledge dogs accompanied Inuit dispersal across the North American Arctic.

Domestic dogs have been central to life in the North American Arctic for millennia. The ancestors of the Inuit were the first to introduce the widespread usage of dog sledge transportation technology to the Americas, but whether the Inuit adopted local Palaeo-Inuit dogs or introduced a new dog population to the region remains unknown. To test these hypotheses, we generated mitochondrial DNA and geometric morphometric data of skull and dental elements from a total of 922 North American Arctic dogs and wolves spanning over 4500 years.

Ultrasonic vocalization sex differences in 5-HT-R deficient mouse pups: Predictive phenotypes associated with later-life anxiety-like behaviors.

Anxiety disorders affect nearly twice as many women as men. However, little is known regarding sex-dependent developmental behavioral differences and whether there is an association with later life anxiety disorders. The present study assessed the developmental-behavioral milestones (DBMs) and their relationship with later life anxiety-like behaviors by comparing postnatal ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) with open field (OF), elevated plus maze (EPM), and light/dark (LD) anxiety test outcomes using the serotonin 1A receptor knockout (KO) mouse model of anxiety.

Social science perspectives on drivers of and responses to global climate change.

This article provides a review of recent anthropological, archeological, geographical, and sociological research on anthropogenic drivers of climate change, with a particular focus on drivers of carbon emissions, mitigation and adaptation. The four disciplines emphasize cultural, economic, geographic, historical, political, and social-structural factors to be important drivers of and responses to climate change. Each of these disciplines has unique perspectives and makes noteworthy contributions to our shared understanding of anthropogenic drivers, but they also complement one another and contribute to integrated, multidisciplinary frameworks.

Solidarity and the problem of structural injustice in healthcare.

The concept of solidarity has recently come to prominence in the healthcare literature, addressing the motivation for taking seriously the shared vulnerabilities and medical needs of compatriots and for acting to help them meet these needs. In a recent book, Prainsack and Buyx take solidarity as a commitment to bear costs to assist others regarded as similar, with implications for governing health databases, personalized medicine, and organ donation. More broadly, solidarity has been understood normatively to call for 'standing with' or assisting fellow community members and possibly also distant others in regard to their needs, whether for its own sake or in order to realize the demands of justice.

Market Integration Predicts Human Gut Microbiome Attributes across a Gradient of Economic Development.

Economic development is marked by dramatic increases in the incidence of microbiome-associated diseases, such as autoimmune diseases and metabolic syndromes, but the lifestyle changes that drive alterations in the human microbiome are not known. We measured market integration as a proxy for economically related lifestyle attributes, such as ownership of specific market goods that index degree of market integration and components of traditional and nontraditional (more modern) house structure and infrastructure, and profiled the fecal microbiomes of 213 participants from a contiguous, indigenous Ecuadorian population. Despite relatively modest differences in lifestyle across the population, greater economic development correlated with significantly lower within-host diversity, higher between-host dissimilarity, and a decrease in the relative abundance of the bacterium .

The stress sigma factor of RNA polymerase RpoS/σ is a solvent-exposed open molecule in solution.

In bacteria, one primary and multiple alternative sigma (σ) factors associate with the RNA polymerase core enzyme (E) to form holoenzymes (Eσ) with different promoter recognition specificities. The alternative σ factor RpoS/σ is produced in stationary phase and under stress conditions and reprograms global gene expression to promote bacterial survival. To date, the three-dimensional structure of a full-length free σ factor remains elusive.

Novel opsin gene variation in large-bodied, diurnal lemurs.

Some primate populations include both trichromatic and dichromatic (red-green colour blind) individuals due to allelic variation at the X-linked opsin locus. This polymorphic trichromacy is well described in day-active New World monkeys. Less is known about colour vision in Malagasy lemurs, but, unlike New World monkeys, only some day-active lemurs are polymorphic, while others are dichromatic.