Lack of Small Intestinal Dysbiosis Following Long-Term Selective Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 by Rofecoxib in the Rat.

Intestinal dysbiosis is linked to numerous gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases. It is a question of debate if coxibs, selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, cause dysbiosis. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of long-term (four weeks) selective inhibition of COX-2 on the small intestinal microbiota in the rat.

Analysing the effect of I imidazoline receptor ligands on DSS-induced acute colitis in mice.

Imidazoline receptors (IRs) have been recognized as promising targets in the treatment of numerous diseases; and moxonidine and rilmenidine, agonists of I-IRs, are widely used as antihypertensive agents. Some evidence suggests that IR ligands may induce anti-inflammatory effects acting on I-IRs or other molecular targets, which could be beneficial in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). On the other hand, several IR ligands may stimulate also alpha-adrenoceptors, which were earlier shown to inhibit, but in more recent studies to rather aggravate colitis.