Dietary approaches for exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities in cancer.

Renewed interest in tumor metabolism sparked an enthusiasm for dietary interventions to prevent and treat cancer. Changes in diet impact circulating nutrient levels in the plasma and the tumor microenvironment, and preclinical studies suggest that dietary approaches, including caloric and nutrient restrictions, can modulate tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Cancers are heterogeneous in their metabolic dependencies and preferred energy sources and can be addicted to glucose, fructose, amino acids, or lipids for survival and growth.

DNA methylation-based diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer.

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression. Changes in DNA methylation were suggested to be useful biomarkers for diagnosis, and for the determination of prognosis and treatment response. Here, we provide an overview of methylation-based biomarkers in colorectal cancer.

Complement-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to an amphotericin B-containing lipid complex (Abelcet) in pediatric patients and anesthetized rats: Benefits of slow infusion.

Intravenous administration of lipid-based nanodrugs can cause hypersensitivity, also known as infusion reactions (IRs), that can be attenuated by slow infusion in adult patients. We studied the role of infusion rate and complement (C) activation in IRs in pediatric patients treated with Abelcet, and also in anesthetized rats. IRs were observed in 6 out of 10 (60%) patients who received Abelcet infusion in 4 h or less, while no patients who received the infusion in 6 h showed C activation or IRs.

Different mutations in SARS-CoV-2 associate with severe and mild outcome.

Introduction: Genomic alterations in a viral genome can lead to either better or worse outcome and identifying these mutations is of utmost importance. Here, we correlated protein-level mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus to clinical outcome.

Methods: Mutations in viral sequences from the GISAID virus repository were evaluated by using "hCoV-19/Wuhan/WIV04/2019" as the reference.

Predictive biomarkers of platinum and taxane resistance using the transcriptomic data of 1816 ovarian cancer patients.

Objective: The first-line chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is based on a combination of platinum and taxane. To date, no reliable predictive biomarker has been recognized that is capable of identifying patients with pre-existing resistance to these agents. Here, we have established an integrated database and identified the most significant biomarker candidates for chemotherapy resistance in serous ovarian cancer.