Fibronectin Glomerulopathy Without Typical Renal Biopsy Features in a 4-Year-Old Girl with Incidentally Discovered Proteinuria and a G417V Gene Mutation.

Fibronectin glomerulopathy (FG) is caused by fibronectin 1 () gene mutations. A renal biopsy was performed on a 4-year-old girl with incidentally discovered proteinuria (150 mg/dL); her family history of renal disease was negative. Markedly enlarged glomeruli (mean glomerular diameter: 196 μm; age-matched controls: 140 μm), α-SMA-positive and Ki-67-positive mesangial cell proliferation (glomerular proliferation index 1.

Background and Clinical Features of a Unique and Mysterious Autoinflammatory Disease, Schnitzler Syndrome.

Schnitzler syndrome is a unique autoinflammatory disease, of which 747 cases have been described worldwide to date. The main features of the syndrome are a triad of recurrent urticaria, monoclonal IgM gammopathy, systemic inflammation associated with recurrent fever, joint and bone pain, and atypical bone remodeling (osteosclerosis). The abnormal activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome produces IL-1, which drives the disease pathology, but it also involves IL-6 and IL-18.

A Comparative Kinetic and Thermodynamic Adsorption Study of Methylene Blue and Its Analogue Dye on Filter Paper.

A comparative adsorption study was carried out for methylene blue (MB) and its 3,7-bis(N,N-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-phenothiazinium dye analog (MBI). Batch experiments employed aqueous solutions and commercial filter paper. Out of seven kinetic models tested by means of four quality statistical indicators, the pseudo-second-order, the double-exponential, and the bi-linear Weber-Morris equations were best fits.

AdipoRon's Impact on Alzheimer's Disease-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a leading cause of cognitive decline and mortality worldwide, characterized by neurodegeneration, synaptic deficiencies, and neuroinflammation. Despite advancements in early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, AD presents substantial challenges due to its complex pathology, heterogeneity, and the limited efficacy of current therapies. Consequently, there is a pressing need for novel therapeutic agents to target the multifaceted aspects of AD pathology, enhance current treatments, and minimize adverse effects.

Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients Without In-Hospital Infection on FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a serious condition complicated by delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), where inflammation plays a key role. Although altered gut permeability is noted in other conditions, its significance in aSAH remains unclear. Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP-I), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and soluble CD-14 (sCD-14) are established markers of barrier dysfunction.

Epigenetic Regulatory Processes Involved in the Establishment and Maintenance of Skin Homeostasis-The Role of Microbiota.

Epigenetic mechanisms are central to the regulation of all biological processes. This manuscript reviews the current understanding of diverse epigenetic modifications and their role in the establishment and maintenance of normal skin functions. In healthy skin, these mechanisms allow for the precise control of gene expression, facilitating the dynamic balance between cell proliferation and differentiation necessary for effective barrier function.

Retrospective Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Single-Center Cohort in Romania and Comparison with National and European Data.

This study investigated and compared with European literature data the incidence, severity, and perinatal risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants admitted to the Premature Department of Mureş County Clinical Hospital over a two-year period (January 2022-December 2023). : ROP screening was performed in 96 infants (76.8%) according to professional guidelines.

Probiotic Bacterium-Derived p40, p75, and HM0539 Proteins as Novel Postbiotics and Gut-Associated Immune System (GAIS) Modulation: Postbiotic-Gut-Health Axis.

It is known that probiotics have direct and indirect effects on many systems in the body, especially the gastrointestinal system. Interest in using probiotic strain-derived cell components and metabolites has also increased as a result of the significant benefits of probiotics. Although many terminologies and definitions are used for these components and metabolites, the International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) recommended the use of the term postbiotic in 2021, which is defined as "a preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host".

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Commensal spp. Isolates from Chickens in Hungarian Poultry Farms Between 2022 and 2023.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest challenges of our time, urging researchers in both veterinary and public health to engage in collaborative efforts, thereby fostering the One Health approach. Infections caused by species can not only lead to significant diseases in poultry but also pose serious threats to human life, particularly in hospital (nosocomial) infections; therefore, it is crucial to identify their antimicrobial resistance.

Methods: Our objective was to assess the susceptibility profile of commensal strains ( = 227) found in commercial chicken flocks in Hungary through the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values.

The Introduction of the Global Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Healthcare (TCIH) Research Agenda on Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Added Value to the WHO and the WHO/FAO/UNEP/WOAH 2023 Research Agendas on Antimicrobial Resistance.

: Given the magnitude and urgency of the global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem and the insufficiency of strategies to reduce antimicrobial use, there is a need for novel strategies. Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Healthcare (TCIH) provides strategies and solutions that contribute to reducing (inappropriate) antimicrobial use, preventing or treating infections in both human and veterinary medicine, and may contribute to promoting the health/resilience of humans and animals and reducing AMR. The aims of this study were to present the core results of a global TCIH research agenda for AMR and its added value to two existing global AMR research agendas published in 2023.

Bacteriophage Treatment Induces Phenotype Switching and Alters Antibiotic Resistance of ESBL .

Bacteriophage therapy represents a promising strategy to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens, such as . In this study, we explored the effects of a bacteriophage infection on an Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) positive isolate. We used next generation sequencing, proteomics and phenotypic screens to investigate the effect of bacteriophage infections on metabolism and resistance phenotypes.

Detection of Delafloxacin Resistance Mechanisms in Multidrug-Resistant .

In this study, the mechanisms implicated in delafloxacin resistance in strains were investigated. Delafloxacin is a novel, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone that has been approved for clinical application. In our study, 43 strains were assessed, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed via the broth microdilution method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for ciprofloxacin, delafloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and imipenem were determined.

Characterizing Antimicrobial Effects of Radiation and Antibiotic Interactions on and Using MALDI-TOF MS.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are becoming a major challenge in human and veterinary medicine, as well as in food processing. In this study, the protein diversity in antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant strains of and was investigated by exposing them to varying doses of gamma irradiation, with and without antibiotic presence. Changes in bacterial protein profiles were characterized using MALDI-TOF MS to reveal dose-dependent adaptations and potentiation effects under combined irradiation and antibiotic treatments.

An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of First-Line Triplet vs. Doublet Therapies for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

: The addition of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), with or without docetaxel (Doc), is currently recommended for metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Recently, the ARANOTE trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of Darolutamide + ADT in this setting. We aimed to update a network meta-analysis (NMA) of these combination therapies.

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Lipid Parameters May Predict an Increased Risk for Atrial Arrhythmias in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

Background/objectives: Autoimmune inflammation enhances the electrical instability of the atrial myocardium in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc); thus, atrial arrhythmia risk is increased, which might be predicted by evaluating the P wave interval and dispersion of a 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG).

Methods: We examined 26 SSc patients and 36 healthy controls and measured the P wave interval and P wave dispersion of the 12-lead surface ECG in each patient. Furthermore, echocardiography and 24-h Holter ECG were performed and levels of inflammatory laboratory parameters, including serum progranulin (PGRN), sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, leptin and C-reactive protein (CRP), were determined.

From Serendipity to Precision: Integrating AI, Multi-Omics, and Human-Specific Models for Personalized Neuropsychiatric Care.

: The dual forces of structured inquiry and serendipitous discovery have long shaped neuropsychiatric research, with groundbreaking treatments such as lithium and ketamine resulting from unexpected discoveries. However, relying on chance is becoming increasingly insufficient to address the rising prevalence of mental health disorders like depression and schizophrenia, which necessitate precise, innovative approaches. Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, induced pluripotent stem cells, and multi-omics have the potential to transform this field by allowing for predictive, patient-specific interventions.

Increased Phenotype Severity Associated with Splice-Site Variants in a Hungarian Pediatric Neurofibromatosis 1 Cohort: A Retrospective Study.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a complex neurocutaneous disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the gene. Although genotype-phenotype correlation studies are increasing, robust clinically relevant correlations have remained limited. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained from a cohort of 204 Hungarian individuals, with a mean age of 16 years (age range: 1-33 years).

Changes in Locomotor Activity Observed During Acute Nicotine Withdrawal Can Be Attenuated by Ghrelin and GHRP-6 in Rats.

Ghrelin and growth hormone-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6) are peptides which can stimulate GH release, acting through the same receptor. Ghrelin and its receptor have been involved in reward sensation and addiction induced by natural and artificial drugs, including nicotine. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of ghrelin and GHRP-6 on the horizontal and vertical activity in rats exposed to chronic nicotine treatment followed by acute nicotine withdrawal.

Quantifying Stress and Relaxation: A New Measure of Heart Rate Variability as a Reliable Biomarker.

For the rapid, objective characterization of the physiological stress response, there is currently no generally recognized standard. The stress measurement methods used in practice (e.g.

Angiotensin IV Receptors in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex: Neuronal Expression and NMDA Inhibition.

Background: N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) are fundamental to neuronal physiology and pathophysiology. The prefrontal cortex (PFC), a key region for cognitive function, is heavily implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders, positioning the modulation of its glutamatergic neurotransmission as a promising therapeutic target. Our recently published findings indicate that AT receptor activation enhances NMDAR activity in layer V pyramidal neurons of the rat PFC.

Mutations of the Electron Transport Chain Affect Lifespan and ROS Levels in .

Mutations in highly conserved genes encoding components of the electron transport chain (ETC) provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of oxidative stress and mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging. This review explores the structure and function of the ETC in the context of its role in mtROS generation and regulation, emphasizing its dual roles in cellular damage and signaling. Using as a model organism, we discuss how ETC mutations manifest as developmental abnormalities, lifespan alterations, and changes in mtROS levels.

Construction of a Compound Model to Enhance the Accuracy of Hepatic Fat Fraction Estimation with Quantitative Ultrasound.

we evaluated regression models based on quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters and compared them with a vendor-provided method for calculating the ultrasound fat fraction (USFF) in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We measured the attenuation coefficient (AC) and the backscatter-distribution coefficient (BSC-D) and determined the USFF during a liver ultrasound and calculated the magnetic resonance imaging proton-density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) and steatosis grade (S0-S4) in a combined retrospective-prospective cohort. We trained multiple models using single or various QUS parameters as independent variables to forecast MRI-PDFF.

Optimization of dried garlic physicochemical properties using a self-organizing map and the development of an artificial intelligence prediction model.

The experiments were conducted at different levels of infrared power, airflow, and temperature. The relationships between the input process factors and response factors' physicochemical properties of dried garlic were optimized by a self-organizing map (SOM), and the model was developed using machine learning. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with 99% predicting accuracy and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) with 97% clustering accuracy were used to determine the quality characteristics of garlic.

Companion dogs show signs of jealous behaviour toward non-living agents.

Dogs engage in social interactions with robots, yet whether they perceive them as social agents remains uncertain. In jealousy-evoking contexts, specific behaviours were observed exclusively when dogs' owners interacted with social, rather than non-social rivals. Here, we investigated whether a robot elicits jealous behaviour in dogs based on its level of animateness.

Evidence of genetic determination of annual movement strategies in medium-sized raptors.

Most species of migrating birds use a combination of innate vector-based orientation programs and social information to facilitate accurate navigation during their life. A number of various interspecies hybridisations have been reported in birds. The traits of parents are expressed in hybrids in typical ways which are either intermediate, combined or heterotic.