Cytotoxic Activity of Bisphosphonic Derivatives Obtained by the Michaelis-Arbuzov or the Pudovik Reaction.

Methylenebisphosphonic derivatives including hydroxy-methylenebisphosphonic species may be of potential biological activity, and a part of them is used in the treatment of bone diseases. Methylenebisphosphonates may be obtained by the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction of suitably α-substituted methylphosphonates and trialkyl phosphites or phosphinous esters, while the hydroxy-methylene variations are prepared by the Pudovik reaction of α-oxophosphonates and different >P(O)H reagents, such as diethyl phosphite and diarylphosphine oxides. After converting α-hydroxy-benzylphosphonates and -phosphine oxides to the α-halogeno- and α-sulfonyloxy derivatives, they were utilized in the Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction with trialkyl phosphites and ethyl diphenylphosphinite to afford the corresponding bisphosphonate, bis(phosphine oxide) and phosphonate-phosphine oxide derivatives.

Preliminary Study by Differential Scanning Calorimetric Analysis of Red Blood Cells in Peripheral Artery Disease Patients Treated with Cilostazol: Correlation with Improvements in Walking Distance.

: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent vascular condition characterized by arterial narrowing, which impairs blood flow and manifests as intermittent claudication, a pain or cramping sensation induced by physical activity or ambulation. Walking distance is a crucial clinical indicator of peripheral artery disease, and it correlates with the disease severity and risk of mortality. It reflects the severity of the disease, with reduced mobility indicating an increased risk of morbidity.

Identifying the Primary Kinetic Factors Influencing the Anterior-Posterior Center of Mass Displacement in Barbell Squats: A Factor Regression Analysis.

Barbell squats are commonly used in strength training, but the anterior-posterior displacement of the Center of Mass (COM) may impair joint stability and increase injury risk. This study investigates the key factors influencing COM displacement during different squat modes.; Methods: This study recruited 15 male strength training enthusiasts, who performed 60% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the Front Barbell Squat (FBS), High Bar Back Squat (HBBS), and Low Bar Back Squat (LBBS).

Investigation of Sliding Mode Control in the Nonlinear Modeling of Cordless Jigsaws.

The aim of this paper was to reduce the current spikes in battery-powered saw motors by designing and implementing a sliding mode model-following adaptive controller. The proposed controller reduces overcurrent consumption, improves system energy efficiency, and effectively maximizes battery runtime, especially under high-load conditions. By applying nonlinear compensation techniques, the controller can ensure smooth motor operation, reduce mechanical stress, and prolong tool life.

Developing a Health Support System to Promote Care for the Elderly.

In light of the demographic shift towards an aging population, there is an increasing prevalence of dementia among the elderly. The negative impact on mental health is preventing individuals from taking proper care of themselves. For individuals requiring hospital care, those receiving home care, or as a precaution for a specific individual, it is advantageous to utilize monitoring equipment to track their biological parameters on an ongoing basis.

Investigation of the Ultrasonic Treatment-Assisted Soaking Process of Different Red Kidney Beans and Compositional Analysis of the Soaking Water by NIR Spectroscopy.

The processing of beans begins with a particularly time-consuming procedure, the hydration of the seeds. Ultrasonic treatment (US) represents a potential environmentally friendly method for process acceleration, while near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) is a proposedly suitable non-invasive monitoring tool to assess compositional changes. Our aim was to examine the hydration process of red kidney beans of varying sizes and origins.

Altered Pattern of Serum N-Glycome in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Cerebral Vasospasm.

: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious condition caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms, resulting in severe disability mainly in young adults. Cerebral vasospasm is one of the most common complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage; thus, active prevention is key to improve the prognosis. The glycosylation of proteins is a critical quality attribute which is reportedly altered in patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke.

The Importance of Post-Inflammatory Polyps (PIPs) in Colorectal Cancer Surveillance in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), encompassing Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD), are chronic inflammatory disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The association between IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC) is well-documented. Multiple factors have been identified as contributors to the risk of developing CRC in patients with IBD, including duration of disease, disease extension, family history of CRC, co-existance of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and potentially the presence of post-inflammatory polyps (PIPs).

Spectrum, Time Course, Stages, and a Proposal for the Diagnosis of Histamine Intolerance in General Practice: A Nonrandomized, Quasi-Experimental Study.

Limited research has explored histamine intolerance from the perspective of primary caregivers. Our objective was to develop a practical symptom profile from the standpoint of general practice. We also aimed to gather data on the frequency and timing of disease progression and to establish a staging system.

Retrospective Comparison of Stiff Wire-Based 2D3D, Traditional 3D3D Image Fusion, and Non-Image Fusion Techniques and Their Role in Thoracic Aortic Endovascular Repair.

: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of stiff wire-based 2D3D, 3D3D image fusion (IF), and non-image fusion techniques for simple zone 2 and zone 3 TEVAR cases in terms of radiation exposure, contrast dose, and fusion and projection accuracy. : A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted based on data gathered from patients who underwent TEVAR between 2016 and 2023 at our tertiary aortic referral center. Those who underwent Z2 and Z3 TEVAR during the indicated period were included.

The Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Modification, and Cytotoxic Activity of α-Hydroxy-Alkylphosphonates.

A series of α-hydroxy-alkylphosphonates and α-hydroxy-alkylphosphine oxides were synthesized by the Pudovik reaction of acetaldehyde and acetone with dialkyl phosphites or diarylphosphine oxides. The additions were performed in three different ways: in liquid phase using triethylamine as the catalyst (1), on the surface of AlO/KF solid catalyst (2), or by a MW-assisted NaCO-catalyzed procedure (3). In most of the cases, our methods were more efficient and more robust than those applied in the literature.

Synthesis of Alkyl α-Amino-benzylphosphinates by the Aza-Pudovik Reaction; The Preparation of the Butyl Phenyl--phosphinate Starting P-Reagent.

Butyl phenyl--phosphinate that is not available commercially was prepared from phenyl--phosphinic acid by three methods: by alkylating esterification (i), by microwave-assisted direct esterification (ii), and unexpectedly, by thermal esterification (iii). Considering the green aspects, selectivity and scalability, the thermal variation seemed to be optimal. However, there was need for prolonged heating.

Resveratrol-Based Carbamates as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Computational Study and Biometal Complexation Capability.

Considering our previous experience in the design of new cholinesterase inhibitors, especially resveratrol analogs, in this research, the basic stilbene skeleton was used as a structural unit for new carbamates designed as potentially highly selective butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors with excellent absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity ADMET properties. The inhibitory activity of newly prepared carbamates - was tested toward the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and BChE. In the tested group of compounds, the leading inhibitors were and , which achieved excellent selective inhibitory activity for BChE with IC values of 0.

g-CN Modified with Metal Sulfides for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) proved to be a promising semiconductor for the photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants. However, its efficacy is limited by a fast electron hole recombination, a restricted quantity of active sites, and a modest absorption in the visible range. To overcome these limitations, g-CN-BiS and g-CN-ZnS composites were effectively produced utilizing a starch-assisted technique.

Carbon Nanosphere-Based TiO Double Inverse Opals.

Inverse opals (IOs) are intensively researched in the field of photocatalysis, since their optical properties can be fine-tuned by the initial nanosphere size and material. Another possible route for photonic crystal programming is to stack IOs with different pore sizes. Accordingly, single and double IOs were synthesized using vertical deposition and atomic layer deposition.

Histological Research and Phytochemical Characterization of Medik. from Bihor County, Romania.

Medik. (CBP) is a species with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and hepatoprotective effects. We have chosen to study this species because, although it is a common plant with a distinctive fruit appearance, its effects are not fully understood.

Unlocking Female Fertility with a Specific Reproductive Exercise Program: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trail.

According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, 16% of people are affected by infertility across the globe. One underlying factor is the age-related decline of ovarian reserve (DOR), which can lead to a higher chance of infertility and has no widely accepted treatment currently. Specific supplements and moderate exercise have been shown to improve fertility; however, there is no consensus to date on the type of exercise providing the best results.

Simplified Model for the Behaviour of Asphalt Mixtures Depending on the Time and the Frequency Domain.

Sigmoid functions are widely used for the description of viscoelastic material properties of asphalt mixtures. Unfortunately, there are still no known closed functions for describing connections among model parameters in the time and the frequency domains. In most cases, complicated interconversion methods are applied for the conversion of viscoelastic material properties.

Optimization of In-Situ Growth of Superconducting Al/InAs Hybrid Systems on GaAs for the Development of Quantum Electronic Circuits.

Hybrid systems consisting of highly transparent channels of low-dimensional semiconductors between superconducting elements allow the formation of quantum electronic circuits. Therefore, they are among the novel material platforms that could pave the way for scalable quantum computation. To this aim, InAs two-dimensional electron gases are among the ideal semiconductor systems due to their vanishing Schottky barrier; however, their exploitation is limited by the unavailability of commercial lattice-matched substrates.

When a Small Amount of Comonomer Is Enough: Tailoring the Critical Solution Temperature of LCST-Type Thermoresponsive Random Copolymers by PEG Methyl Ether Methacrylate with 1100 g/mol Molecular Weight.

Tuning the critical solution temperature (CST) of thermoresponsive polymers is essential to exploit their immense potential in various applications. In the present study, the effect of PEG-methyl ether methacrylate with a higher molecular weight of 1100 g/mol (mPEGMA) as a comonomer was investigated for its suitability for the CST adjustment of LCST-type polymers. Accordingly, a library of mPEGMA-based copolymers was established with varying compositions () using four main comonomers, namely di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether acrylate, -isopropyl acrylamide and methacrylamide, and mPEGMA, with different CST values (cloud points, , and clearing points, , by turbidimetry).

Challenges of in Poultry: Biological Insights, Economic Impact and Management Strategies.

Bird mites are parasites that feed on both wild and domesticated bird species, causing severe degradation in avian welfare. The chicken mite, in particular, is a widespread ectoparasite in poultry, responsible for several challenges faced by the poultry industry, including poor animal health, which causes significant economic losses. This review, based on our current knowledge, aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the biology and distribution of these mites, as well as their impact on poultry health and production.

Nontarget Catches of Green and Brown Lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae) Collected by Light- and Volatile-Baited Traps in the Transcarpathian Lowland (W Ukraine).

Distribution data on the lacewing fauna of the data-deficient Transcarpathian Lowland (West Ukraine) were provided. The attractivity of phenylacetaldehyde-(FLO) and isoamyl alcohol-based (SBL) lures designed for trapping lepidopteran pests to lacewings was also studied and compared to the efficiency of light traps traditionally used in studies on neuropterans. In the three-year study, 374 individuals of 10 species were caught.

The Impact of Systemic Insecticides: Cyantraniliprole and Flupyradifurone on the Mortality of (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) Based on the Biophoton-Emission of Oilseed Rape.

The selection of an appropriate and targeted crop protection technology for winter oilseed rape is crucial for the economic production of this crop. Insecticides belonging to the group of diamides and butenolides are available as seed treatments for winter oilseed rape and serve as effective tools for chemical crop protection. The objective of this study was to determine the multi-directional applicability of the active ingredients cyantraniliprole and flupyradifurone.

The Importance of Edible Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Potential Use as Therapeutic Agents Against Insulin Resistance.

In addition to conventional treatments, there is growing interest in preventive and complementary therapies. Proper nutrition can prevent the manifestation of several chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and can attenuate the severity of these diseases. Edible mushrooms have been used as nutrition and medicine for thousands of years.

The Glycosylation of Serum IgG Antibodies in Post-COVID-19 and Post-Vaccination Patients.

The signature of human serum IgG glycosylation is critical in the defense against pathogens. Alterations of IgG N-glycome were associated with COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) severity, although knowledge on the response to vaccination is limited. IgG N-glycome was analyzed in this study in post-COVID-19 and post-vaccination patients to reveal potential glycosylation-based alterations using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC-UPLC) with fluorescence (FLR) and mass-spectrometric (MS) detection.