Validation of different personalized risk models of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of a randomized, double-blind, phase III trial of fosaprepitant for cancer patients treated with high-dose cisplatin.

Background: Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with solid malignant tumors, determine risk factors and externally validate different personalized risk models for CINV.

Methods: This phase III trial was designed to test the non-inferiority of fosaprepitant toward aprepitant in cancer patients who were to receive the first cycle of single-day cisplatin chemotherapy.

Management of anlotinib-related adverse events in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Experiences in ALTER-0303.

Background: Anlotinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit). In the phase III ALTER-0303 trial (Clinical Trial Registry ID: NCT 02388919), anlotinib significantly improved overall survival versus placebo in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had received at least two previous chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase targeted therapy regimens. This study summarized adverse event management in this trial.

The Involvement of NF-κB/Klotho Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cell Survival and Invasion.

Lipopolysaccharide significantly increased invasion, cell proliferation, and phospho-NF-κB p65 and phospho-IGF-1R protein, but decreased klotho protein expression, cell apoptosis, and the percentage of sub G0/G1 cells in SW480 and HT29 colorectal cancer cells. In contrast, NF-κB inhibitor exhibited a counteract effect of lipopolysaccharide. Transfection of Toll-like receptor 4 shRNA significantly decreased phospho-NF-κB p65 and phospho-IGF-1R protein levels, invasion, but significantly increased klotho protein expression, cell apoptosis, and the percentage of sub G0/G1 in SW480 and HT29 cells.

Quality of life results from a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-center phase III trial of anlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Anlotinib is a novel multi-target tyrosine Kinase inhibitor that inhibits VEGFR2/3, FGFR1-4, PDGFD α/β, c-Kit and Ret. In the phase III ALTER-0303 trial (Clinical Trial Registry ID: NCT 02388919), anlotinib significantly improved overall survival versus placebo in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who had received at least two previous chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase targeted therapy regimens. This study assessed quality of life (QoL) in these patients.

Genome-wide association study identifies four SNPs associated with response to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer.

To identify genomic markers associated with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with cervical cancer, we performed a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Han Chinese population. A total of 596 patients with stage IA2-IIIB cervical cancer were enrolled in this study. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs6812281, per allele OR = 2.

Real-world hospital costs for nonchemotherapy drugs and nondrug care associated with platinum-based doublets in the first-line setting for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer in Chinese patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare hospital costs per treatment cycle (HCTC) for nonchemotherapy drugs and nondrug care associated with platinum-based doublets in the first-line setting for advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (AdvNS-NSCLC) in Chinese patients.

Methods: Patients receiving platinum-based doublets in the first-line setting for AdvNS-NSCLC from 2010 to 2012 in two Chinese tertiary hospitals were identified to create the retrospective study cohort. Propensity score methods were used to create matched treatment groups for head-to-head comparisons on HCTC between pemetrexed-platinum and other platinum-based doublets.

Pancreatic cancer risk variant in LINC00673 creates a miR-1231 binding site and interferes with PTPN11 degradation.

Genome-wide association studies have identified several loci associated with pancreatic cancer risk; however, the mechanisms by which genetic factors influence the development of sporadic pancreatic cancer remain largely unknown. Here, by using genome-wide association analysis and functional characterization, we identify a long intergenic noncoding RNA (lincRNA), LINC00673, as a potential tumor suppressor whose germline variation is associated with pancreatic cancer risk. LINC00673 is able to reinforce the interaction of PTPN11 with PRPF19, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and promote PTPN11 degradation through ubiquitination, which causes diminished SRC-ERK oncogenic signaling and enhanced activation of the STAT1-dependent antitumor response.

Development and validation of a surgical-pathologic staging and scoring system for cervical cancer.

Background: Most cervical cancer patients worldwide receive surgical treatments, and yet the current International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system do not consider surgical-pathologic data. We propose a more comprehensive and prognostically valuable surgical-pathologic staging and scoring system (SPSs).

Methods: Records from 4,220 eligible cervical cancer cases (Cohort 1) were screened for surgical-pathologic risk factors.

Clavien-Dindo classification and risk factors of gastrectomy-related complications: an analysis of 1049 patients.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to explore the major risk factors of surgical complications using the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Methods: The case-control design was used. A total of 1049 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in Hunan Cancer Hospital between October 2010 and August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed, including 122 patients (11.

Supportive Care Costs Associated with Second-Line Chemotherapy in Chinese Patients with Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: To compare supportive care costs associated with second-line chemotherapy for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (advNS-NSCLC) in Chinese patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients receiving pemetrexed or docetaxel-based second-line chemotherapy for advNS-NSCLC in four Chinese hospitals from 2007 to 2012. The best matched pairs between pemetrexed and other regimens were identified using propensity score methods for head-to-head comparisons of supportive care costs per treatment cycle.

Interferon-α and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor cooperatively mediates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has recently been recognized to harbor therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment of HCC, but it remains controversial as to whether IFN-α exerts direct cytotoxicity against HCC. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in HCC and is considered to play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Bipaddle radial forearm flap for head and neck reconstruction.

Background: Although the radial forearm free flap has become a workhorse flap in head and neck reconstruction, the skin grafting of the donor is the main drawback resulting in an unacceptable contour deformity and an unsightly appearance. Several technical modifications have been therefore applied to the radial forearm (RF) flap marking, elevation, and inset to overcome this major shortcoming. In this article, we report our clinical series with the bipaddle RF flap.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with interferon-α is safe and effective for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.

Objectives: Intrahepatic recurrence is the major cause of death among patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)- related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative surgical resection. Several approaches have been reported to decrease the recurrence rate. The objective of our study was to compare the clinical effects of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with interferon-alpha (IFN-α) therapy on recurrence after hepatic resection in patients with HBV-related HCC with that of TACE chemotherapy alone.

Role of antiviral therapy in reducing recurrence and improving survival in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma following curative resection (Review).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with the majority of cases associated with persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus infection. In particular, chronic HBV infection is a predominant risk factor for the development of HCC in Asian and African populations. Hepatic resection, liver transplantion and radiofrequency ablation are increasingly used for the curative treatment of HCC, however, the survival rate of HCC patients who have undergone curative resection remains unsatisfactory due to the high recurrence rate.

Tumor response and clinical toxicity associated with second-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Previously reported superior tumor response of pemetrexed in the second-line setting for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (advNS-NSCLC) has never been confirmed in real-world studies. Platinum-based doublet is frequently used in the second-line setting for advanced NSCLC in China.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted including patients receiving pemetrexed or docetaxel-based chemotherapy in the second-line setting for advNS-NSCLC in four Chinese tertiary care hospitals.

Casticin induces breast cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of forkhead box protein M1.

Casticin is an active ingredient derived from Fructus Viticis, a traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to investigate the role of forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) in breast cancer cells and examine the regulatory mechanisms of FOXO3a in response to casticin treatment of the cells by ELISA, flow cytometry, small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and western blot analysis. Casticin treatment induced apoptosis and reduced the expression of the transcription factor forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1).

Thoracoacromial artery perforator flap: anatomical basis and clinical applications.

Background: Concerns and criticism have been reported on the feasibility and vascular reliability of the thoracoacromial artery perforator flap because of the inconsistent size of the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery and its cutaneous perforators. The authors have investigated its vascular basis through a cadaver dissection and described their clinical experience in the surgical strategy, range of application, and indications for the thoracoacromial artery perforator flap.

Methods: Twelve fresh human cadavers were dissected to define the anatomy of the branches of the thoracoacromial artery and their perforators and the anatomical landmarks for clinical application.

Detection of STAT2 in early stage of cervical premalignancy and in cervical cancer.

Objective: To measure the expression pattern of STAT2 in cervical cancer initiation and progression in tissue sections from patients with cervicitis, dysplasia, and cervical cancer.

Methods: Antibody against human STAT2 was confirmed by plasmids transient transfection and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect STAT2 expression in the cervical biopsies by using the confirmed antibody against STAT2 as the primary antibody.

[Surgical management for residual or recurrent diseases in the neck after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the surgical managements for residual or recurrent diseases in the neck after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: Seventy-eight cases of neck masses (39 cases for unilateral residual diseases, 9 for bilateral residual diseases and 30 for recurrent diseases) after radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were treated surgically between January 1990 and December 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 56 males and 22 females.

[Surgical treatment for cancer of the pancreatic head].

Objective: To explore and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of surgical treatment for cancer of the pancreatic head.

Methods: The clinical data of 96 patients with cancer of the pancreatic head admitted in our hospital from January 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 48 cases, extended pancreatoduodenectomy in 30 cases, and Roux-Y cholangiojejunostomy in 18 cases.

[Management of thyroid goiters invading mediastinum and thoracic cavity].

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatments of thyroid goiters invading mediastinum and thoracic cavity.

Methods: Seventy-eight cases of thyroid goiters invading mediastinum and thoracic cavity and undergoing surgery from 1995 to 2005 were reviewed. There were 22 males and 56 females and their age ranged from 45 years to 78 years with a median age of 59 years.

Comparative proteome analysis of human adenocarcinoma.

This study was designed to use comparative proteomics technology to find the differentially expressed proteins between human lung adenocarcinoma and paired normal tumor-adjacent lung tissues. The total proteins of 20 human lung adenocarcinoma tissues and paired normal tumor-adjacent lung tissues were separated by means of immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and Coomassie Blue staining. The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed with image analysis software and then identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS/MS).

[Comparative study of different chemotherapy approaches for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer].

Objective: To probe into the advantages and disadvantages of intravenous chemotherapy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: All of the 226 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were treated by maximum cytoreductive surgery or non-effective cytoreductive surgery and received 6 - 8 courses of postoperative regular chemotherapy (chemotherapy regimens, TP: taxol and cis-platinum or carboplatinum; PC: cis-platinum and cyclophosphamide; PAC: cis-platinum and adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) during Jan 1998 - Jan 2006. We systematically compared the characteristics of patients in intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) group and intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) group.

[Free anterolateral thigh flap for repairing the defects of oral cavity and maxillofacial].

Objective: To investigate the outcomes following the tumor resection of oral cavity and maxillofacial and reconstruction with free anterolateral thigh flaps (ALT).

Methods: Thirty one patients underwent ALT reconstruction following the tumor resection from Dec. 2004 to Dec.