Effect of Laparoscopic and Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic or Periampullary Tumors: Three-year Follow-up of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate whether the potential short-term advantages of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) could allow patients to recover in a more timely manner and achieve better long-term survival than with open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) in patients with pancreatic or periampullary tumors.

Background: LPD has been demonstrated to be feasible and may have several potential advantages over OPD in terms of shorter hospital stay and accelerated recovery than OPD.

Methods: This noninferiority, open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted in 14 centers in China.

Approaches of laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 for hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study of short-term results at multiple centers in China.

Background: Laparoscopic anatomical liver resection of segment 8 (LALR-S8) remains a challenge for anatomical laparoscopic segmentectomy. Most current reports on LALR-S8 are case series using one surgical approach, and there is a lack of multicenter data on identifying intersegmental planes using different approaches. In this study, the authors aimed to elucidate the short-term results of three different approaches for LALR-S8 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), focusing on intersegmental plane determination, and to reflect on current practice regarding different approaches at multiple centers in China.

Endoscopically guided interventional photodynamic therapy for orthotopic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on NIR-II fluorescent nanoparticles.

Pancreatic cancer, comprising mostly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is a highly malignant disease, typically known as a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The application of PDT in pancreatic cancer in clinic is still hampered by several shortcomings, including the (i) deep location of pancreatic cancer, (ii) tissue damage induced by optical fibers, (iii) hypoxic microenvironment, (iv) short excitation wavelengths of traditional photosensitizers, and (v) poor delivery efficiency of photosensitizers. We designed an organic nanoparticle as photosensitizer for near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescent (FL) imaging that exerts a type I PDT effect on deep orthotopic pancreatic tumors under excitation by a NIR (808 nm) laser.

Cost analysis for "The Magic Glasses Philippines" health education package to prevent intestinal worm infections among Filipino schoolchildren.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are a significant public health problem affecting over 900 million people globally. Health education has been shown to complement mass drug administration (MDA) for the control of these intestinal worms. We reported recently results of a cluster randomised control trial (RCT) showing the positive impact of the "The Magic Glasses Philippines (MGP)" health education package in reducing STH infections among schoolchildren in intervention schools with ≤15% STH baseline prevalence in Laguna province, the Philippines.

PARP1 controls the transcription of CD24 by ADP-ribosylating the RNA helicase DDX5 in pancreatic cancer.

The PARP1 protein plays a key role in DNA damage repair and ADP-ribosylation to regulate gene expression. Strategies to target PARP1 have rapidly been developed for cancer treatment. However, the role of the innate immune response in targeted anti-PARP1 therapy remains poorly understood.

Prognostic value of KRAS subtype in patients with PDAC undergoing radical resection.

Objective: To explore the frequency distribution of KRAS mutant subtypes in patients with resectable PDAC in China and then evaluate the prognostic value of different KRAS subtypes in patients with PDAC undergoing radical resection.

Methods: The clinicopathological data and gene test reports of 227 patients undergoing PDAC radical surgery at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 1 January 1 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. There were 118 men (52%) and 109 women (48%).

KRAS as a Key Oncogene in the Clinical Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant tumors, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. At present, the comprehensive treatment based on surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy has encountered a bottleneck, and targeted immunotherapy turns to be the direction of future development. About 90% of PDAC patients have KRAS mutations, and KRAS has been widely used in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PDAC in recent years.

High prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections in Myanmar schoolchildren.

Background: Achieving the elimination of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections requires a sufficient understanding of the current epidemiological status of STH endemicity. We aimed to examine the status of STH in Myanmar - a country with the eighth highest STH prevalence in the world, 10 years after instigation of the national deworming programme.

Methods: In August 2016 we screened for STH infections using Kato Katz (KK) microscopy and real-time PCR (qPCR) in schoolchildren from the Bago Region township of Phyu, a STH sentinel site in Myanmar.

"The Magic Glasses Philippines": a cluster randomised controlled trial of a health education package for the prevention of intestinal worm infections in schoolchildren.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) cause substantial disease and disability globally. Health education has proven complementary to school-based drug administration programs for STH control. We determined the generalizability of the impact of "The Magic Glasses" health education package for STH prevention in schoolchildren in Laguna province, the Philippines, having previously shown its positive impact in China.

Soil-transmitted helminth infections and nutritional indices among Filipino schoolchildren.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are still prevalent among schoolchildren in the Philippines. We evaluated the risk factors associated with STH and the relationship between STH and nutritional indices among schoolchildren aged 9-10 years in Laguna province, the Philippines.

Methods: We used the baseline data from 40 schools enrolled in a randomised controlled trial of the Magic Glasses Philippines health education package.

Loss of natural resistance to schistosome in T cell deficient rat.

Schistosomiasis is among the major neglected tropical diseases and effective prevention by boosting the immune system is still not available. T cells are key cellular components governing adaptive immune response to various infections. While common laboratory mice, such as C57BL/6, are highly susceptible to schistosomiasis, the SD rats are extremely resistant.

Determining the Impact of a School-Based Health Education Package for Prevention of Intestinal Worm Infections in the Philippines: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial.

Background: Repeated mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelminthics to at-risk populations is still the main strategy for the control of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. However, MDA, as a stand-alone intervention, does not prevent reinfection. Accordingly, complementary measures to prevent STH reinfection, such as health education and improved sanitation, as part of an integrated control approach, are required to augment the effectiveness of MDA for optimal efficiency and sustainability.

[Breast schistosomiasis japonica: a case report].

A case with breast schistosomiasis japonica was reported.

[Difficulties and countermeasures for the perioperative management of megasplenectomy in patients with advanced schistosomiasis].

The etiology, pathology, clinical features and prognosis of megalosplenic advanced schistosomiasis have their specific features, and therefore, the perioperative management of this disorder has special countermeasures. The review analyzes the difficult problems in the perioperative management of megalosplenic advanced schistosomiasis, including ultra - low platelet counts, extensive and severe adhesive splenomegaly, massive hemorrhage during surgery and portal vein thrombosis, and proposes countermeasures to tackle these problems, with aims to guide the clinical treatment and cure of schistosomiasis, thereby improving the prognosis, reducing complications and improving the quality of life.

[Progress of schistosomiasis control in Dongting Lake regions].

As an ancient parasitic disease, schistosomiasis has been endemic in Dongting Lake areas for more than 2 100 years. In the early 20th century, the first human case of schistosomiasis in China was reported in Dongting Lake areas, which was paid extensive attention. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, large-scale schistosomiasis control activities were launched promptly in Dongting Lake areas, and great successes have been achieved following the three stages of control efforts, including the snail control-based stage, synchronous chemotherapy for humans and livestock-based control stage and infectious source control-based control stage.

[Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province in 2019].

Objective: To analyze the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province in 2019, so as to provide insights into the achievement of transmission interruption of schistosomiasis in the province in 2020.

Methods: The data pertaining to infections in humans and livestock and snail status were captured from Hunan Province in 2019 and analyzed.

Results: Schistosomiasis was endemic in 281 townships (towns) from 41 counties (districts) of 6 cities in Hunan Province by the end of 2019.

[Survey of the capacity building of the county-level schistosomiasis diagnosis network laboratory in Hunan Province].

Objective: To examine the construction and operation of the schistosomiasis diagnostic network platform in Hunan Province, so as to provide insights into the improvements of the schistosomiasis diagnostic network laboratory system in the province.

Methods: According to the criteria and requirements for the construction of the county-level schistosomiasis diagnostic network laboratory in China, the establishment and operation of the laboratory were assessed using self-assessment and field review in national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Hunan Province.

Results: A total of 41 county-level schistosomiasis diagnostic network laboratories were built in national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Hunan Province, and 36 met the requirements for the construction of the national schistosomiasis diagnostic network laboratory in China, which were approved for inclusion in the province-level schistosomiasis diagnostic network laboratory.

[Effect of rational emotive therapy on negative emotion in advanced schistosomiasis patients with repeated hospitalization].

Objective: To examine the effect of rational emotive therapy on negative emotions among advanced schistosomiasis patients with repeated hospitalizations.

Methods: A total of 97 advanced schistosomiasis patients with anxiety and depressive emotions that were hospitalized in Xiangyue Hospital of Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control for three times or more were enrolled, and given rational emotive therapy for 4 weeks in addition to routine nursing care. The scores for anxiety, depression and quality of life were estimated in patients before and after the rational emotive therapy using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SRS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and WHOQOL-BREF Form.

[Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Hunan Province from 2015 to 2019].

Objective: To analyze the changes in the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Hunan Province, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of the schistosomiasis elimination programme in the province.

Methods: According to the requirements of the National Guidelines for Schistosomiasis Surveillance in China (2014 version), a total of 41 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites were assigned in all disease-endemic counties (districts) across Hunan Province. During the period between 2015 and 2019, infections were monitored in local residents, mobile populations and livestock, and snail status was monitored.

[Application of the exponential smoothing model and ARIMA model in prediction of the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province].

Objective: To predict the changes in the prevalence of infections in humans and livestock in Hunan Province using the exponential smoothing model and the ARIMA model.

Methods: The data pertaining to infections in humans and livestock in Hunan Province from 1957 to 2015 were collected, and the exponential smoothing model and the ARIMA model were created using the software Eviews and PASW Statistics 18.0.

[Effect of integrated schistosomiasis control measures in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019].

Objective: To examine the effect of the integrated schistosomiasis control measures in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019, so as to provide insights into the development of the schistosomiasis elimination strategy.

Methods: The integrated schistosomiasis control measures implemented by the health, agriculture, water resources, forestry, land and resources sectors were retrospectively collected in Hunan Province from 2004 to 2019, and the completion of each measure, cost of control measures, infections in humans and bovines, and snail status were analyzed each year. An index system for assessing the integrated schistosomiasis control effect was constructed using the Delphi method to calculate the integrated schistosomiasis control effect index.

[Challenges and countermeasures of schistosomiasis control in Hunan Province in the new era].

This paper describes the current epidemic characteristics and endemic status of schistosomiasis, analyzes the main challenges of schistosomiasis control and proposes the emphasis and interventions for future schistosomiasis control activities in Hunan Province, so as to provide insights into the elimination of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province.

[Implications, spiritual characteristics and practical significance of Chinese schistosomiasis control culture].

The culture of schistosomiasis control is specific in the history of Chinese culture. Broadly speaking, the culture of schistosomiasis control is a summary of specific social mood, social consciousness and material culture created by Chinese populations during the progress of schistosomiasis control since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Narrowly speaking, the culture of schistosomiasis control is the spiritual culture that is jointly created and nurtured by schistosomiasis control workers since the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Identification of linear epitopes in SjSP-13 of Schistosoma japonicum using a GST-peptide fusion protein microplate array.

Background: The identification and characterization of epitopes facilitate the discovery and development of new therapeutics, vaccines and diagnostics for infectious diseases. In this study, we developed a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-peptide fusion protein microplate array for the identification of linear B-cell epitopes and applied this novel method to the identification of linear B-cell epitopes of SjSP-13, an immunodiagnostic biomarker of schistosomiasis japonica.

Methods: SjSP-13 was divided into 17 overlapped peptides (p1-17), and the coding sequence of each peptide was obtained by annealing two complementary oligonucleotides.