Comprehensive plasma metabolomics analysis of berberine treatment in ulcerative colitis rats by LC-MS/MS.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) influenced by multiple factors. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from the root and bark of Franch., has shown promise in managing UC, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Resting Heart Rate Mediates the Association Between Circulating Neutrophil Count and Arterial Stiffness Progression: The Kailuan Study.

Objective: This study aimed to longitudinally investigate the association between circulating neutrophil count and the progression of arterial stiffness and to ascertain whether resting heart rate (RHR) mediates this association.

Methods: The current study included 56,760 participants with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements from a real-life, prospective cohort in China. The associations of circulating neutrophil (exposure) with baseline baPWV, baPWV progression, and arterial stiffness (outcomes), as well as RHR (mediator) were assessed using multivariable linear and Cox regression models and mediation analysis.

Research progress of microvascular development in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that arises during the neonatal period, and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The disorder of microvascular development plays a significant role in the development of BPD. This article presents a comprehensive review of the advancements made in understanding the mechanisms and treatment approaches related to microvascular development in the pathogenesis of BPD.

Entacapone alleviates muscle atrophy by modulating oxidative stress, proteolysis, and lipid aggregation in multiple mice models.

Background: Skeletal muscle atrophy significantly affects quality of life and has socio-economic and health implications. This study evaluates the effects of entacapone (ENT) on skeletal muscle atrophy linked with oxidative stress and proteolysis.

Methods: C2C12 cells were treated with dexamethasone (Dex) to simulate muscle atrophy.

Permeation enhancer decorated nanoparticles for oral delivery of insulin: manipulating the surface density of borneol and PEG for absorption barriers.

Oral protein drugs' delivery faces challenges due to multiple absorption barriers for macromolecules. Co-administration with permeation enhancers and encapsulation in nano-carriers are two promising strategies to enhance their oral absorption. Herein, the poly(lactic--glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) are decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a traditional Chinese medicine-derived permeation enhancer borneol (BO) for oral insulin delivery.

Pupil dilation and behavior as complementary measures of fear response in Mice.

The precise assessment of emotional states in animals under the combined influence of multiple stimuli remains a challenge in neuroscience research. In this study, multi-dimensional assessments, including high-precision pupil tracking and behavioral analysis, were conducted to investigate the combined effects of fear stimuli and drug manipulation on emotional responses in mice. Mice exposed to foot shocks showed typical freezing and flight behaviors, but neither of these measures could effectively distinguish between dexmedetomidine, isoflurane, and saline groups.

High linc01116 expression may contribute to a poor prognosis in various cancers based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Background: Long non-coding RNA 01116 (linc01116) has been shown to be dysregulated in many tumors, and is closely related to the prognosis. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the correlation between linc01116 expression and cancer prognosis.

Methods: Six electronic databases were searched, and eligible studies were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Association between caffeine intake and fat free mass index: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Caffeine, identified as a central nervous system stimulant in foods, beverages (coffee, tea, chocolate), and medications, has been focused on its ergogenic properties, enhancing physical performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the caffeine intake (from coffee) and fat-free mass index (FFMI).

Materials And Methods: We carried out a cohort study that included 3,466 women and 3,145 men aged ≥20 years who were intaking caffeine.

Improved glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes initiating or switching to IDegAsp in a real-world setting in China.

Aims: To investigate glycaemic control in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initiating, or switching to insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp), a co-formulation of basal, and bolus insulin, in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: A 20-week, prospective, single-arm, open-label, non-interventional study was conducted in Chinese adults with T2D initiating, or switching to IDegAsp after anti-hyperglycaemic treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), other insulins, or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. The primary endpoint was a change in HbA from baseline to end of the study; the secondary endpoints included a change in fasting plasma glucose and Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) score.

[Salidroside alleviates high glucose and ethanol-induced pyroptosis in insulinoma cells].

This study established a pyroptosis injury model by stimulating insulinoma cells(INS-1) of rats with high glucose(HG) and observed the impact of additional ethanol(ET) exposure on cell pyroptosis, as well as the intervention effect of salidroside(SAL). INS-1 cells were cultured and divided into a normal control group(NG), an HG group, an HG + ET(100 mmol·L~(-1)) group, and an HG + ET + SAL(1-100 μmol·L~(-1)) group. After 72 hours of treatment, cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay.

Pyridoxine supplementation before puberty ameliorates MAM-induced cognitive and sensorimotor gating impairments.

Schizophrenia is a kind of neurodevelopmental mental disorder in which patients begin to experience changes early in their development, typically manifesting around or after puberty and has a fluctuating course. Environmental disturbances during adolescence may be a risk factor for schizophrenia-like deficits. As a better treatment option, preventive intervention prior to schizophrenia may be more beneficial than direct treatment.

Adverse drug events associated with metreleptin administration: a real-world pharmacovigilance study from 2014 to 2024 using the FAERS database.

Background: This study analyzed adverse drug event (ADE) signals associated with metreleptin using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to provide insights for safe clinical use.

Research Design And Methods: Data from 1 January 2014, to 31 March 2024, were extracted. Signal intensity for adverse events was assessed using reporting odds ratio (ROR), Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) methods.

Levels of Bile Acid Metabolism Are Associated With Alterations of Gut Microbes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is viewed as a metabolism associated disease, and bile acid metabolism is reported to occupy a significant role in the progression of HCC. However, little is known about the association between gut microbes and bile acid metabolism in HCC. Our study was designed to clarify the role of bile acid metabolism and microbiome in the progression of HCC.

The high-risk model associated with SYTL4 predicts poor prognosis and correlates with immune infiltration in AML.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) currently lacks a definitive cure. Studies have highlighted the involvement of SYTL4 expression levels in neoplasms, yet its specific roles in AML remain unexplored in the literature. Utilizing the TCGA and XENA databases, this study investigated SYTL4 expression levels in AML and identified associations between SYTL4 overexpression and clinicopathological features, prognosis, and immune infiltration in AML patients through genomic analysis.

Association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function in middle-aged and older residents of China.

Background: Plant-based diets may protect against cognitive impairment; however, observational data have not been consistent.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function.

Methods: The study recruited 937 participants who were asked to complete food frequency questionnaires to assess the quality of their plant-based diets using the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI).

Mitochondrial-targeting strategies with homoharringtonine: A novel approach for chemoresistant rectal cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of rectal cancer, driving the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we established 5-FU-resistant rectal cancer cell lines (SW837-r, SNU-C1-r) and identified homoharringtonine (HHT) as a potent and selective anticancer agent through high-throughput drug screening of 291 compounds. HHT displayed the highest selective drug sensitivity score (sDSS), showing strong activity against resistant cells while sparing normal rectal epithelial cells.

SYISL Knockout Promotes Embryonic Muscle Development of Offspring by Modulating Maternal Gut Microbiota and Fetal Myogenic Cell Dynamics.

Embryonic muscle fiber formation determines post-birth muscle fiber totals. The previous research shows SYISL knockout significantly increases muscle fiber numbers and mass in mice, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study confirms that the SYISL gene, maternal gut microbiota, and their interaction significantly affect the number of muscle fibers in mouse embryos through distinct mechanisms, as SYISL knockout alters maternal gut microbiota composition and boosts butyrate levels in embryonic serum.

Evaluating Blended Teaching Models in Medical Colleges: Preferences and Influential Factors for Teachers and Students.

Objective: This study evaluates the adoption of blended teaching models by faculty and students at Hubei University of Medicine. It aims to assess their willingness to adopt hybrid learning and identify the factors influencing their choices. The goal is to provide a theoretical foundation for reforming teaching models.

Fumarate Hydratase-Deficient Leiomyoma with Double Mutation Sites in the FH : A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Fumarate Hydratase (FH)-deficient uterine leiomyomas are a rare type of uterine fibroid associated with somatic or germline mutations in the FH gene. Herein, we report a case of FH-deficient uterine leiomyoma with a double-site mutation of in a 41-year-old woman.

Case Presentation: The woman was found to have an intrauterine mass during a routine physical examination two years prior.

Dynamics of the immune microenvironment and immune cell PANoptosis in colorectal cancer: recent advances and insights.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most significant oncological threats to human health globally. Patients often exhibit a high propensity for tumor recurrence and metastasis post-surgery, resulting in suboptimal prognoses. One of the underlying reasons for the metastatic potential of CRC is the sustained abnormal state of the tumor immune microenvironment, particularly characterized by the atypical death of critical immune cells.

A phase III randomized controlled non-inferiority trial to study the efficacy and safety of imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) versus piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) in patients with hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP).

Objectives: Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination effective against gram-negative pathogens. Efficacy and safety of IMI/REL were studied in critically ill adults with hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP).

Methods: In this phase III, double-blind, multinational, randomized trial (NCT03583333), adults with HABP/VABP were randomized 1:1 to receive intravenous IMI/REL (500 mg/250 mg) or piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ; 4000 mg/500 mg) every 6 h for 7-14 days.

Protocol to profile snATAC-seq datasets and motif enrichment analysis during zebrafish early embryogenesis.

The scarcity of zebrafish-specific motif databases presents a challenge to the analysis of transcription factor (TF) motif within zebrafish single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (scATAC-seq) data, thus hindering the identification of regulatory elements throughout zebrafish embryonic development. Here, we provide a protocol to analyze single-nucleus chromatin accessibility dataset during zebrafish early embryogenesis. We describe steps for fragment file retrieval, sample integration, quality control, Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) clustering, and peak calling via ArchR.

Three-dimensional reconstruction for determining positional indications of pulmonary segmentectomy/subsegmentectomy for ground glass opacity-dominant clinical T1a-bN0 non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The precision of segmentectomy/subsegmentectomy for ground glass opacity (GGO)-dominant cT1a-bN0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including mono-segmentectomy, mono-subsegmentectomy, combined subsegmentectomies, and single segmentectomy with adjacent subsegmentectomy, has improved. The aim of this study is to investigate their positional indications by focusing on the three-dimensional location of lesions, utilizing three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 195 patients with GGO-dominant cT1a-bN0 NSCLC who underwent segmentectomy/subsegmentectomy between August 2015 and November 2020.