Irisin in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases: Functions in system and potential in therapy.

Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are a class of diseases related to the gradual structural and functional deterioration of muscles, joints, and bones, including osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), sarcopenia (SP), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). As the proportion of aging people around the world increases, degenerative musculoskeletal diseases not only have a multifaceted impact on patients, but also impose a huge burden on the medical industry in various countries. Therefore, it is crucial to find key regulatory factors and potential therapeutic targets.

Effect of iron-based nanomaterials on organic carbon dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions during composting process.

Iron-based nanomaterials as effective additives can enhance the quality and safety of compost. However, their influence on organic carbon fractions changes and greenhouse gas emissions during composting remains unclear. This study demonstrated that iron-based nanomaterials facilitate the conversion of light organic carbon fraction into heavy organic carbon fraction, with the iron-based nanomaterials group showing a significantly higher heavy organic carbon fraction content (41.

TM9SF1 expression correlates with autoimmune disease activity and regulates antibody production through mTOR-dependent autophagy.

Background: Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 1 (TM9SF1) is involved in inflammation. Since both inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are linked to immune cells regulation, this study investigated the association between TM9SF1 expression and autoimmune disease activity. As B cell differentiation and autoantibody production exacerbate autoimmune disease, the signaling pathways involved in these processes were explored.

Temporal dynamics of immune cell patterns in bladder cancer patients receiving Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy.

Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is capable of enhancing the infiltration of immune cells into the tumour. However the temporal dynamics of immune cell patterns in patients receiving BCG instillation remains unclear.

Methods: Ninety-six patients who underwent intravesical BCG therapy, comprising 46 responders and 50 non-responders, were retrospectively enroled to explore the evolving immune landscape.

Rectangling and enhancing underwater stitched image via content-aware warping and perception balancing.

Single underwater images often face limitations in field-of-view and visual perception due to scattering and absorption. Numerous image stitching techniques have attempted to provide a wider viewing range, but the resulting stitched images may exhibit unsightly irregular boundaries. Unlike natural landscapes, the absence of reliable high-fidelity references in water complicates the replicability of these deep learning-based methods, leading to unpredictable distortions in cross-domain applications.

[A meta-analysis of the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among rehabilitation therapists].

To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in rehabilitation therapists. In September 2023, the computer searched Chinese and English databases such as CNKI database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase database, etc. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 2023.

Redefining the accumulated temperature index for accurate prediction of rice flowering time in diverse environments.

Accurate prediction of flowering time across diverse environments is crucial for effective crop management and breeding. While the accumulated temperature index (ATI) is widely used as an indicator for estimating flowering time, its traditional definition lacks systematic evaluation and genetic basis understanding. Here, using data from 422 rice hybrids across 47 locations, we identified the optimal ATI calculation window as 1 day after sowing to 26 days before flowering.

Enhancement and Compatibilization of Waste-Sourced Biocomposites Through Elastomer Blending and Matrix Grafting Modification.

A novel elastomer-modified multicomponent, multiphase waste-sourced biocomposites, was prepared for converting waste biomass and plastic into value-added products. The effects of blending elastomer-olefin block copolymer (OBC) and maleic anhydride (MAH), and divinylbenzene (DVB) co-grafting of recycled polypropylene (rPP) matrix on the adhesion interface, structure, and properties of high wood flour-filled (60 wt.%) composites were thoroughly investigated.

The potential mechanism of mitochondrial homeostasis in postoperative neurocognitive disorders: an in-depth review.

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are the most common neurological disorders following surgery and anaesthesia before and within 12 months after surgery, with a high prevalence in the geriatric population. PND can severely deteriorate the quality of life of patients, especially among the elderly, mainly manifested as memory loss, attention, decline and language comprehension disorders, mostly in elderly patients, with an incidence as high as 31%. Previous studies have also raised the possibility of accelerated cognitive decline and underlying neuropathological processes associated with diseases that affect cognitive performance (e.

Dynamic mechanical characteristics of coal in front of the mining face under different mining layouts.

To study the dynamic mechanical characteristics of coal in the area affected by mining in front of the mining face under different mining methods, an improved split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was used to apply different static loads to different positions. Then, dynamic mechanical tests were conducted on coal at different positions on the mining face, analyzing the dynamic response under strong dynamic load disturbances, under three different mining layouts. Within the range of static water pressure to the peak support pressure, the dynamic strength of coal gradually increases with increasing distance from the mining face.

Regenerative rehabilitation: a novel multidisciplinary field to maximize patient outcomes.

Regenerative rehabilitation is a novel and rapidly developing multidisciplinary field that converges regenerative medicine and rehabilitation science, aiming to maximize the functions of disabled patients and their independence. While regenerative medicine provides state-of-the-art technologies that shed light on difficult-to-treated diseases, regenerative rehabilitation offers rehabilitation interventions to improve the positive effects of regenerative medicine. However, regenerative scientists and rehabilitation professionals focus on their aspects without enough exposure to advances in each other's field.

BAX pores facilitate mitochondrial DNA release in wasp sting-induced acute kidney injury.

The role of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)-associated X (BAX) macropores in the leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and their impact on acute kidney injury (AKI) has recently been brought to the focus of researchers. This study aimed to explore the relationship between mtDNA leakage and BAX macropores during wasp sting-induced AKI. BAX mitochondrial translocation and macropores opening increased in both in vivo and in vitro models of wasp sting-induced AKI.

Advances in therapies using mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes for treatment of peripheral nerve injury: state of the art and future perspectives.

"Peripheral nerve injury" refers to damage or trauma affecting nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nerve injury results in movements or sensation impairments, and represents a serious public health problem. Although severed peripheral nerves have been effectively joined and various therapies have been offered, recovery of sensory or motor functions remains limited, and efficacious therapies for complete repair of a nerve injury remain elusive.

Enhancing spatial domain detection in spatial transcriptomics with EnSDD.

Advancements in spatial transcriptomics have transformed our understanding of organ function and tissue microenvironment. However, accurately identifying spatial domains to depict genome heterogeneity and cellular interactions remains a challenge. In this study, we propose EnSDD (Ensemble-learning for Spatial Domain Detection), a method that ingeniously integrates eight state-of-the-art spatial domain detection methods to automatically identify spatial domains.

A novel intelligent fault diagnosis method for gearbox based on multi-dimensional attention denoising convolution.

In the field of intelligent fault diagnosis, particularly concerning rotating machinery, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) face significant challenges when applied to real industrial vibration data. These data are not only contaminated by various types of noise but also exhibit fault features that vary across different scales. Consequently, the effective suppression of extraneous noise and accurate extraction of multi-scale fault features are crucial issues.

A Tool to Automatically Create Stable and Reproducible Cell-free Gaps for Improving the Reliability of Cell Wound Healing Assay.

The reliability of cellular migration measurement in wound healing assays is frequently undermined by the prevalent methodological instability, i.e., tip-based method.

Cleavage-Stage Embryo Segmentation Using SAM-Based Dual Branch Pipeline: Development and Evaluation with the CleavageEmbryo Dataset.

Motivation: Embryo selection is one of the critical factors in determining the success of pregnancy in in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. Using artificial intelligence to aid in embryo selection could effectively address the current time-consuming, expensive, subjectively influenced process of embryo assessment by trained embryologists. However, current deep learning-based methods often focus on blastocyst segmentation, grading, or predicting cell development via time-lapse videos, often overlooking morphokinetic parameters or lacking interpretability.

SET facilitates immune escape of microsatellite stability colorectal cancer by inhibiting c-Myc degradation.

Microsatellite stability (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibits a low mutation load and poor immunogenicity, contributing to immune escape of tumor cells and less benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment. The mechanisms underlying immunotherapeutic resistance in MSS CRC remain to be elucidated. Here, we identified that nuclear proto-oncogene SET is significantly higher expressed in MSS CRC compared to microsatellite instability (MSI) CRC and facilitates immune escape of MSS CRC.

Dual modification of cobalt silicate nanobelts by CoO nanoparticles and phosphorization boosting oxygen evolution reaction properties.

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process is the "bottleneck" of water splitting, and the low-cost and high-efficient OER catalysts are of great importance and attractive but they are still challenging. Herein, a dual modification strategy is developed to tune and enrich the structure of cobalt silicate (CoSiO) showing boosted OER properties. Cobalt oxide (CoO) decorated CoSiO nanobelts, denoted as CS, is firstly prepared using a Co-based precursor by a facile hydrothermal reaction.