Environmental and sensitization variations among asthma and/or rhinitis patients between 2008 and 2018 in China.

Background: Little is known about the changes in allergen sensitization in China secondary to the environmental variations over the past decade. We aimed at investigating the variations in sensitization among asthma and/or rhinitis patients in China between 2008 and 2018.

Methods: This study analyzed cross-sectional data from national surveys conducted in China in 2008 and 2018.

[Studies of the norm of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale(KPCS)among parents of infants in urban areas of China].

To establish the norm of the Chinese version of Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS) in urban areas of China. From August to December 2017, the parents of 2 216 children (<36 months old) were selected from 15 cities (Beijing, Lianyungang, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Changsha, Jinan, Guiyang, Ningbo, Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Maanshan, Chongqing and Wuhan) in 14 provinces by stratified random sampling. The general demographic characteristics and parents' parenting confidence were collected by a self-made questionnaire and KPCS Chinese version.

Clinical implications of different specimen types for nucleic acid testing in two cases of COVID-19.

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test is currently the gold standard for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease requires high-quality viral nucleic acid tests, and selecting the type of specimen from patients, who are at different disease stages, to use in the nucleic acid test is challenging. This article reports in detail the diagnosis and treatment process for two patients with confirmed COVID-19 and analyzes the results of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests that were used for different types of specimens (sputum from deep cough, nasopharyngeal swab, and feces).

Using epidemiological data to identify needs for child-rearing support among Chinese parents: a cross-sectional survey of parents of children aged 6 to 35 months in 15 Chinese cities.

Background: The quality of the family environment-in particular, the kind of parenting children receive in their early years-plays a critical role in influencing children's growth and development. To facilitate the development and delivery of appropriate parenting and family interventions for Chinese parents, this study explores the prevalence of the difficulties that may arise in the course of child-rearing, the associated sociodemographic factors and parents' help-seeking behavior.

Methods: A cross-sectional self-reporting survey was conducted with a sample of 2229 parents of children between 6 and 35 months of age.

Establishment of reference sequences of hepatitis B virus genotype C subgenotypes.

Hepatitis B virus genotype C (HBV/C) has the largest number of subgenotypes (C1-C16) that vary with geography and isolates. HBV/C prevails in Southeast Asia (C1, C5-C16), East Asia (C2), Oceania (C3), and Australia (C4). Suitable reference strains for different subgenotypes could greatly facilitate research into HBV/C, but unfortunately they are scarce.