Accelerating repair of infected bone defects through post-reinforced injectable hydrogel mediated antibacterial/immunoregulatory microenvironment at bone-hydrogel interface.

Functional injectable hydrogel (IH) is promising for infected bone defects (IBDs) repair, but how to endow it with desired antibacterial/immunoregulatory functions as well as avoid mechanical failures during its manipulation has posed as main challenges. Herein, rosmarinic acid (RosA), a natural product with antibacterial/immunoregulatory activities, was utilized to develop a FCR IH through forming phenylboronic acid ester bonds with 4-formylphenyl phenylboronic acid (4-FPBA) grafted chitosan (CS) (FC). After being applied to the IBD site, the FCR IH was then injected with tobramycin (Tob) solution, another alkaline antibacterial drug, to induce in situ crystallization of the FC, endowing the resultant FCRT hydrogel with adaptively enhanced mechanical strength and structural stability.

Quantitative Assessment of Deep Gray Matter Susceptibility and Correlation With Cognition in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.

Background And Objectives: Accumulation of metals quantified by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in deep gray matter (DGM) and their impact on cognition have not been studied in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study aims to use QSM to investigate the association between DGM susceptibility and cognition in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: Thirty cirrhotic patients and 30 age-, gender-, and education-matched controls were imaged using a multiecho gradient-echo sequence for QSM analysis in a 3T scanner.

Targeting macrophages in cancer immunotherapy: Frontiers and challenges.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer treatment, primarily realized through the manipulation of immune cells, notably T cell adoption and immune checkpoint blockade. Nevertheless, the manipulation of T cells encounters formidable hurdles. Macrophages, serving as the pivotal link between innate and adaptive immunity, play crucial roles in phagocytosis, cytokine secretion, and antigen presentation.

Peripheral blood immune cell dynamics associate with growth of incidental indeterminate pulmonary nodules.

Objectives: Previous studies suggest peripheral blood immune cells associate with the progression and prognosis of lung cancer. The main purpose of this study was to explore the association of peripheral immune cell and its dynamics with the growth of pulmonary nodules.

Materials And Method: Of 9280 subjects whom had blood cell counts and chest CT scan in health check-up, 1068 participants were enrolled with the incidental pulmonary nodules of above 5 mm in diameter and subsequently followed up for 2 years.

Application of Network Pharmacology in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine.

In recent years, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, has shown a steadily rising trend, which has posed a major challenge to the global public health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with its multi-component and multi-target characteristics, offers a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is difficult to comprehensively elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying TCM formulations.

Investigating the causal relationship between skin microbiota and hypertrophic scar using bidirectional mendelian randomization.

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) is acknowledged as a pathological fibro-proliferative disease of the dermis, resulting from excessive connective tissue growth. HS significantly impacts patient quality of life due to both social and functional issues. Despite various treatments, therapeutic effectiveness remains limited, necessitating further exploration of underlying factors and mechanisms.

Lipophagy: exploring its association with male reproductive system disorders and investigating potential mechanisms.

Background: Lipid metabolism, one of the three major metabolic processes, plays a crucial role in male fertility, particularly when lipid homeostasis is disrupted. Lipid droplets (LDs), cellular organelles that store lipids primarily in the form of triglycerides and cholesterol esters, serve as central hubs in lipid metabolism.The degradation of LDs is regulated by lipases and lipophagy.

Prediction of acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients based on interpretable machine learning.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) poses a lethal risk in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, where early detection is challenging. This study was to establish a prediction model for AKI 24 hours in advance for ICU patients and to help clinicians monitor patients at an early stage by key features.

Methods: In this study, the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) databases were used to construct a dataset of critically ill patients.

Efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with vinorelbine as second‑line treatment for elderly patients with advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma: A retrospective cohort.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with vinorelbine (NVB) as a second-line treatment for elderly patients with advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma (SqCLC). The present retrospective analysis included 48 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) diagnosed with advanced SqCLC who received anlotinib in combination with NVB as a second-line therapy between January 2021 and December 2023. The primary endpoints assessed were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety profile.

The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disorder caused by a complete lack of insulin, primarily manifested by hyperglycemia. The mechanisms underlying the onset of T1D are complex, involving genetics, environment, and various unknown factors, leading to the infiltration of various immune components into the islets. Besides T cells, B cells are now considered important contributors to the pathogenesis of T1D, according to recent studies.

Protein serine/threonine phosphatases in tumor microenvironment: a vital player and a promising therapeutic target.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is involved in cancer initiation and progression. With advances in the TME field, numerous therapeutic approaches, such as antiangiogenic treatment and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have been inspired and developed. Nevertheless, the sophisticated regulatory effects on the biological balance of the TME remain unclear.

Prevalence of cognitive impairment and its related factors among Chinese older adults: an analysis based on the 2018 CHARLS data.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a major public health concern in aging societies. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors among Chinese adults aged 60 years and older using data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Methods: Utilizing data from the 2018 wave of CHARLS, we assessed participants' cognitive status using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the influencing factors related to cognitive impairment were analyzed by using the chi-square test and multifactor logistic regression.

Swimming pool-associated viral outbreaks in China: causes and solutions.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the causes of the swimming pool-associated viral outbreaks in China and discuss the possible preventive measures for the outbreaks.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in 4 Chinese and English databases for studies investigating the swimming pool-associated viral outbreaks in China up to June 2024.

Results: 29 outbreaks were included in the review.

Remote Carbon Monoxide Spillover Improves Tandem Urea Electrosynthesis.

Electrocatalytic urea synthesis from carbon dioxide (CO) and nitrate (NO ) offers a promising alternative to traditional industrial methods. However, current catalysts face limitations in the supplies of CO* and N* intermediates, and their coupling, resulting in unsatisfactory urea production efficiency and energy consumption. To overcome these challenges, we carried out tandem electrosynthesis approach using ruthenium dioxide-supported palladium-gold alloys (PdAu/RuO).

Recent advances in centrifugal microfluidics for point-of-care testing.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) holds significant importance in the field of infectious disease prevention and control, as well as personalized precision medicine. The emerging microfluidics, capable of minimal reagent consumption, integration, and a high degree of automation, play a pivotal role in POCT. Centrifugal microfluidics, also termed lab-on-a-disc (LOAD), is a significant subfield of microfluidics that integrates crucial analytical steps onto a single chip, thereby optimizing the process and enabling high-throughput, automated analysis.

Identification of markers correlating with mitochondrial function in myocardial infarction by bioinformatics.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI), one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases, is also affected by altered mitochondrial metabolism and immune status, but their crosstalk is poorly understood. In this paper, we use bioinformatics to explore key targets associated with mitochondrial metabolic function in MI.

Methods: The datasets (GSE775, GSE183272 and GSE236374) were from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) in conjunction with mitochondrial gene data that were downloaded from the MitoCarta 3.

The Roles of DMT1 in Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases.

Iron homeostasis is critical for multiple physiological and pathological processes. DMT1, a core iron transporter, is expressed in almost all cells and organs and altered in response to various conditions, whereas, there is few reviews focusing on DMT1 in diseases associated with aberrant iron metabolism. Based on available knowledge, this review described a full view of DMT1 and summarized the roles of DMT1 and DMT1-mediated iron metabolism in the onset and development of inflammatory and degenerative diseases.

A prognostic index for advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: A multicenter study.

Advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a highly heterogeneous disease with very poor prognosis. All commonly utilized prognostic models incorporated both early-stage and advanced-stage patients in the modeling process. This study aim to design a prognostic model specifically for advanced-stage ENKTL, providing risk stratification in affected patients.

Therapeutic experience and key techniques of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

The tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is highly favored by endourological urologists for its advantages in patient experience and length of hospital stay. However, there is currently no guideline or consensus that precisely describes tubeless PCNL. This study explores tubeless PCNL from two aspects: patient selection and technical improvements.

Laennec approach for anatomical liver resection assisted by laparoscopy or robotics: a multicenter cohort study.

Introduction: Laennec's capsule serves as a critical anatomical landmark in anatomical liver resection. Despite its potential, a lack of large-scale prospective studies limits the widespread use of the Laennec approach for minimally invasive hepatectomy. This multicenter cohort study aimed to compare the outcomes of the traditional and Laennec approaches in minimally invasive anatomical hepatectomy across multiple centers in China.

Advances in microfluidic platforms for tumor cell phenotyping: from bench to bedside.

Heterogeneities among tumor cells significantly contribute towards cancer progression and therapeutic inefficiency. Hence, understanding the nature of cancer through liquid biopsies and isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has gained considerable interest over the years. Microfluidics has emerged as one of the most popular platforms for performing liquid biopsy applications.

Indication of frailty transitions on 2-year adverse health outcomes among older Chinese inpatients: Insight from a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Frailty is thought to be associated with an increased risk of adverse health outcomes such as death and falls, but comparatively little is known about the impact of frailty transitions on the adverse health outcomes. Moreover, owing to insufficient sample size or a single-center study design, previous studies have not been sufficiently representative of elderly inpatients in China. This study aimed to provide estimates at the population level of the association between frailty transitions and adverse outcomes among elderly inpatients following discharge.

Exploring Healthcare Students' Intention to Use Virtual Reality Simulations in China: A Cross-sectional Study Applying the Technology Acceptance Model.

This study aims to investigate healthcare students' intention to use virtual reality simulations. By using the Technology Acceptance Model, the research delves into the factors influencing students' acceptance and adoption of virtual reality simulations. Following a cross-sectional design, this article adheres to the STROBE Statement guidelines.

Chemotherapy-induced cellular senescence promotes stemness of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma via CCR7/ARHGAP18/IKBα signaling activation.

Background: Resistance to existing therapies is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with refractory and relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (r/r B-NHL). Therapy-induced senescence (TIS) is one of the most important mechanisms of drug resistance.

Methods: This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze doxorubicin-induced senescent B-NHL cells.

Combining an internal tension relieving technique with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) reduces graft failure rate and improves functional outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Graft rupture is a significant cause of graft failure in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). To address this issue, clinicians have combined the internal tension relieving technique (ITRT) with ACLR to improve graft stiffness, aiming to reduce the risk of graft failure. The purpose of this study is to compare the graft failure rates and clinical functional outcomes between ITRT-assisted ACLR and conventional ACLR.