Repair mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells derived from nasal mucosa in orbital fracture.

Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from nasal mucosa are featured by high division and differentiation capacity, with large nuclei, obvious nucleoli and weak cytoplasmic basophily. Imaging examination, typically CT scan, is the gold standard for the diagnosis of orbital fracture.

Methods: We isolated MSCs derived from goat nasal mucosa and built the calcification model so as to investigate the repair mechanism of nasal mucosa-derived MSCs in orbital fracture.

Detection technologies and metabolic profiling of bile acids: a comprehensive review.

Bile acids (BAs) are important regulatory factors of life activities, which are involved in the regulation of glucose, lipid and energy metabolisms, and closely associated with intestinal hormones, microbiotas and energy balance. BAs abnormalities easily lead to inflammation and metabolic diseases, in turn, the progress of diseases could influence characteristics of BAs. Therefore, accurate detection of BAs contents is of great significance to disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

How to accelerate the upper urinary stone discharge after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for < 15 mm upper urinary stones: a prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial about external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL).

Objective: To asset the efficacy and safety of EPVL plus ESWL compared with ESWL alone for the treatment of simple upper urinary stones (< 15 mm).

Materials And Methods: All patients with upper urinary stones (< 15 mm) were prospectively randomized into two groups. In treatment group, patients were assigned to immediate EPVL after ESWL, while in control group, ESWL alone was offered.

[Prospects and Progress on the Mechanisms of Acupuncture Underlying Improvement in Diabetic Gastroparesis].

Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is an important complication of diabetes, and seriously impacts the patient's quality of life. In the present paper, the authors summarize national and international research on the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in improving DGP and the pathogenesis of DGP over the past 10 years. The authors illustrate the mechanism of acupuncture underlying the improvement in DGP as follows:1) the effect on autonomic nerves and neurons of the central nervous system; 2) promoting restoration of the enteric nervous system; 3) the effect on Cajal interstitial cells; 4) improving gastrointestinal hormone disorder; 5) improving hyperglycemic state; 6) the effect on gastric smooth muscle.

Suppression of Ghrelin Exacerbates HFCS-Induced Adiposity and Insulin Resistance.

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is widely used as sweetener in processed foods and soft drinks in the United States, largely substituting sucrose (SUC). The orexigenic hormone ghrelin promotes obesity and insulin resistance; ghrelin responds differently to HFCS and SUC ingestion. Here we investigated the roles of ghrelin in HFCS- and SUC-induced adiposity and insulin resistance.

External Physical Vibration Lithecbole Promotes the Clearance of Upper Urinary Stones after Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: We assessed the efficacy and safety of external physical vibration lithecbole for the treatment of residual stones after retrograde intrarenal surgery.

Materials And Methods: A total of 173 patients (128 males and 45 females) were selected for study. All patients had residual fragments after retrograde intrarenal surgery for renal or upper ureteral stones.

Novel boronate material affords efficient enrichment of glycopeptides by synergized hydrophilic and affinity interactions.

Development of novel materials for enrichment of glycopeptides is the key to a comprehensive analysis of the glycoproteome, which is closely related to several major diseases and biomarker findings. We synthesized phenylboronic acid (PBA) bound to SiO microspheres by a thiol-ene click chemistry method (this material was denoted as click PBA) and used it to separate cis-diol-containing molecules and enrich glycopeptides in hydrophilic interaction chromatography mode. Successful preparation of click PBA was confirmed by elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N adsorption-desorption isotherms, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy.

A genetic study and meta-analysis of the genetic predisposition of prostate cancer in a Chinese population.

Prostate cancer predisposition has been extensively investigated in European populations, but there have been few studies of other ethnic groups. To investigate prostate cancer susceptibility in the under-investigated Chinese population, we performed single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis on a cohort of Chinese cases and controls and then meta-analysis with data from the existing Chinese prostate cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS). Genotyping 211,155 SNPs in 495 cases and 640 controls of Chinese ancestry identified several new suggestive Chinese prostate cancer predisposition loci.

The 'species complex' issue in clinically relevant fungi: A case study in Scedosporium apiospermum.

The genus Scedosporium currently comprises six species, Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium boydii, Pseudallescheria angusta, Scedosporium minutisporum, Scedosporium dehoogii, and Scedosporium aurantiacum, most of which can be distinguished with the primary fungal DNA barcode, the ITS1/2 region of the rDNA gene cluster. In the present study, four additional genetic loci were explored from a phylogenetic point of view enabling a barcoding approach based on K2P pairwise distances to resolve the taxa Scedosporium. We included partial γ-actin (ACT), β-tubulin (BT2), elongation factor 1α (TEF1), and the small ribosomal protein 60S L10 (L1) (RP60S).

A stromal interaction molecule 1 variant up-regulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by strengthening nucleoplasmic Ca2+ signaling.

Very recent studies hold promise to reveal the role of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in non-store-operated Ca2+ entry. Here we showed that in contrast to cytoplasmic membrane redistribution as previously noted, human umbilical vein endothelial STIM1 with a T-to-C nucleotide transition resulting in an amino acid substitution of leucine by proline in the signal peptide sequence translocated to perinuclear membrane upon intracellular Ca2+ depletion, amplified nucleoplasmic Ca2+ signaling through ryanodine receptor-dependent pathway, and enhanced the subsequent cAMP responsive element binding protein activity, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) gene expression, and endothelial tube forming. The abundance of mutated STIM1 and the MMP-2 expression were higher in native human umbilical vein endothelial cells of patients with gestational hypertension than controls and were significantly correlated with blood pressure.

rhHMGB1 drives osteoblast migration in a TLR2/TLR4- and NF-κB-dependent manner.

Osteoblast migration is significant in skeletal development. Recently, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been shown to highly expressed in cartilage to regulate endochondral ossification. Nevertheless, whether HMGB1 can modulate osteoblast proliferation and migration is poorly understood, as well as the intracellular signalling pathways that are involved in this process.

Mutagenic and Estrogenic Effects of Organic Compounds in Water Treated by Different Processes: A Pilot Study.

Objective: In this study, a pilot-scale investigation was conducted to examine and compare the biotoxicity of the organic compounds in effluents from five treatment processes (P1-P5) where each process was combination of preoxidation (O3), coagulation, sedimentation, sand filtration, ozonation, granular activated carbon, biological activated carbon and chlorination (NaClO).

Methods: Organic compounds were extracted by XAD-2 resins and eluted with acetone and dichlormethane (DCM). The eluents were evaporated and redissolved with DMSO or DCM.

Mechanisms Linking Inflammation to Insulin Resistance.

Obesity is now widespread around the world. Obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation is responsible for the decrease of insulin sensitivity, which makes obesity a major risk factor for insulin resistance and related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndromes. The state of low-grade inflammation is caused by overnutrition which leads to lipid accumulation in adipocytes.

[Association between levels of serum leptin and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome].

Objective: To analyze the level of serum leptin and its relations with insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) so as to investigate the clinical effect of aciesis in PCOS under treatment of metformin.

Methods: 86 cases with PCOS (observation group) and 100 non-PCOS women (as controls) were chosen as the objects for the study. Body mass index (BMI), serum leptin, fasting blood glucose, insulin and IR index were measured and the relativity analyzed.

Can serum glypican-3 be a biomarker for effective diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma? A meta-analysis of the literature.

Objective: This review is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum GPC3 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to conflicting results reported.

Methods: NCBI PubMed and Embase were comprehensively searched for studies that have used serum GPC3 level as a diagnostic index for HCC. The quality of the included studies was assessed.

Adipose-derived stem cells from the breast.

Background: The adipose tissue is deemed as an ideal source of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Previous studies have reported that ADSCs can be isolated from several organs and locations; however, slight attention has been paid to the breast. We would like to report our experiences in isolating breast ADSCs (bADSCs).

HBx protein promotes oval cell proliferation by up-regulation of cyclin D1 via activation of the MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways.

Growing evidence has shown that hepatic oval cells, also named liver progenitor cells, play an important role in the process of liver regeneration in various liver diseases. Oval cell proliferation has been reported in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease. Studies have found expression of HBV surface and core antigens in oval cells in the livers of patients with HCC, suggesting that HBV infection of oval cells could be a mechanism of human hepatocarcinogenesis.

Protective effects of membrane-anchored and secreted DNA vaccines encoding fatty acid-binding protein and glutathione S-transferase against Schistosoma japonicum.

In order to explore the high performance bivalent DNA-based vaccine against schistosomes, SjFABP and Sj26GST were selected and used to construct a vaccine. Two strategies were used to construct the bivalent DNA vaccine. In the first strategy, a plasmid encoding antigen in the secreted form was used, while in the other, a plasmid encoding a truncated form of SjFABP and Sj26GST targeted to the cell surface was used.

Ghrelin receptor regulates HFCS-induced adipose inflammation and insulin resistance.

Background And Objectives: High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is the most commonly used sweetener in the United States. Some studies show that HFCS consumption correlates with obesity and insulin resistance, while other studies are in disagreement. Owing to conflicting and insufficient scientific evidence, the safety of HFCS consumption remains controversial.

GAPDH is critical for superior efficacy of female bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on pulmonary hypertension.

Aims: Pulmonary arterial hypertension, a chronic lung disease, remains an unacceptable prognosis despite significant advances in conventional therapies. Stem cell therapy represents a novel and effective modality. This study was aimed to add new insight in gender differences of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on therapy against pulmonary arterial hypertension and the underlying mechanism.

[The fifth metastasis route of gastric cancer and the third principle of radical operation].

The local-regional recurrence is the most important failure reason of D2 radical operation for curative advanced gastric cancer. Another way of metastasis, which exists in the mesogastrium and separates apart from the primary tumor, blood vessels and lymph nodes, appears to be responsible for the local-regional recurrence partly. We call it as the fifth route of metastasis.

[Expression of β-catenin in human pulmonary tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Objective: To investigate the expression of β-catenin in pulmonary tissues of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: Pulmonary tissues were obtained from patients who had underwent pneumonectomy in Tongji Hospital. The subjects were assigned into non-smokers without COPD (control group), smokers without COPD (smoker group) and smokers with COPD (smoker + COPD group) based on their pulmonary functions and smoking history, with 12 subjects each group.

Pituitary metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma progressed after sorafenib treatment.

Pituitary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is rare and has never been reported for renal cell carcinoma primarily treated with sorafenib. Herein, we present a case of an advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma in which pituitary metastasis progressed but extracerebral metastases showed partial response to sorafenib treatment.

Irregular Ca(2+) oscillations regulate transcription via cumulative spike duration and spike amplitude.

Background: [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations are irregular and heterogeneous.

Results: The correlations between NFκB/STAT3-GFP transcription and [Ca(2+)](i) spike amplitude/cumulative spike duration are revealed by simultaneous monitoring in single cells and validated in cell population.

Conclusion: [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations regulate transcription through [Ca(2+)](i) spike amplitude and cumulative spike duration.