Benralizumab efficacy and safety in severe asthma: A randomized trial in Asia.

Background: Benralizumab is indicated as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled, severe eosinophilic asthma; it has not yet been evaluated in a large Asian population with asthma in a clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with severe asthma in Asia.

Methods: MIRACLE (NCT03186209) was a randomized, Phase 3 study in China, South Korea, and the Philippines.

Flexible Point-of-Care Electrodes for Ultrasensitive Detection of Bladder Tumor-Relevant miRNA in Urine.

Portable point-of-care testing (POCT) is currently drawing enormous attention owing to its great potential for disease diagnosis and personal health management. Electrochemical biosensors, with the intrinsic advantages of cost-effectiveness, fast response, ease of miniaturization, and integration, are considered as one of the most promising candidates for POCT application. However, the clinical application of electrochemical biosensors-based POCT is hindered by the decreased detection sensitivity due to the low abundance of disease-relevant biomolecules in extremely complex biological samples.

Chinese expert consensus on minimally invasive interventional treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

Background And Purpose: Trigeminal neuralgia is a common condition that is associated with severe pain, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. When the efficacy of drugs is not satisfactory or adverse drug reactions cannot be tolerated, minimally invasive interventional therapy has become an important treatment because of its simple operation, low risk, high repeatability and low cost. In recent years, minimally invasive interventional treatments, such as radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF) of the trigeminal nerve and percutaneous microcompression (PMC), have been widely used in the clinic to relieve severe pain in many patients, however, some related problems remain to be addressed.

The Controversial Role of IL-33 in Lung Cancer.

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) belongs to the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, and its structure is similar to IL-18. When cells are damaged or undergo necrosis, mature form of IL-33 is secreted as a cytokine, which can activate the immune system and provide danger signals. The IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway is composed of IL-33, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP).

Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway.

For COVID-19, chlorine has lately been utilised as a home disinfectant. Given that chlorine is hazardous to the human airway, the current research investigates the effects of chlorine mass fraction and droplet size on the human airway. The effects are investigated at chlorine mass ratios of 2% (24 ppm), 10% (120 ppm), 15% (180 ppm), and 20% (240 ppm), as well as chlorine particle diameters of 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 50 nm, and three inhalation rates (15 l/min, 30 l/min, and 60 l/min).

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Macrophage PD-L1 Expression and Attenuate Acute Lung Injury in Mice.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a serious clinical problem but has no approved pharmacotherapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an attractive therapeutic tool for tissue damage and inflammation owing to their unique immunomodulatory properties. The present study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanisms of human umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) in ALI mice.

Diagnostic Value of Prenatal Ultrasound Parameters and Esophageal Signs in Pouch and Lower Thoracic Segment in Fetuses with Esophageal Atresia.

In order to investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound parameters and signs of pouch and lower thoracic esophagus in the fetus with esophageal atresia (EA), the prenatal ultrasound data of 35 EA fetuses (observation group) confirmed by autopsy after induced labor or postnatal surgery and imaging examination in our hospital from May 2019 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 35 normal postnatal fetuses (control group). General information and prenatal ultrasound parameters of the two groups, including head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), double parietal diameter (BPD), fetal body weight (EFW), and signs (small or unmanifested gastric vesicles, amniotic fluid, neck or upper chest pouch, lower chest esophagus not visible), were analyzed using logistic regression. The logistic multifactor regression model for EA diagnosis was established, and the diagnostic value for EA was analyzed.

Association between Sleep Duration and Depression among the Elderly Population in China.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to understand how sleep duration could affect depression among elderly in China.

Method: A total of 7103 individuals aged 60 and older were selected from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to estimate the relationship between sleep duration and depression, and we performed stratified analyses by age: young-old elderly, old-old elderly and oldest-old elderly.

Case Report: Discontinuous Spontaneous Ventilating Anesthesia for McKeown Esophagectomy by Laryngeal Mask: A Case Series-A Novel Approach of Discontinuous Spontaneous Ventilating Anesthesia for Esophagectomy.

Double lumen endobronchial ventilation in McKeown esophagectomy is common for esophageal cancer. In spite of most patients could be extubated immediately after surgery under adequate multimodal analgesia, still some patients require extended mechanical ventilation or airway support post-surgery because of pain or difficult respiration. The present study reported a novel challenge for McKeown esophagectomy with discontinuous spontaneous ventilating anesthesia by the laryngeal mask.

Irritable bowel syndrome in China: a review on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease worldwide. Current guidelines of IBS are mostly based on the western populations and expected to vary in different communities. China has a large population and a vast literature is available on IBS.

Antinociceptive effects of oleuropein in experimental models of neuropathic pain in male rats.

Background: The present investigation explored the therapeutic actions of oleuropein along with the possible signaling pathway involved in attenuating neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) and vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in male rats.

Methods: Four loose ligatures were placed around the sciatic nerve to induce CCI, and vincristine (50 μg/kg) was injected for 10 days to develop neuropathic pain. The development of cold allodynia, mechanical allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed using different pain-related behavioral tests.

[Forensic Analysis of 133 Cases of Knee Injuries].

Objective To discuss the types, characteristics, and the evaluation of disability of knee injuries. Methods The data of 133 cases of knee injury from 2017 to 2019 were collected and statistically analyzed according to the region of injury, the degree of disability, etc. Results One hundred and twenty-five cases of injury were compound, and 8 cases were simple.

Sevoflurane modulates breast cancer cell survival via modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis.

Background: Some retrospective and in vitro studies suggest that general anesthetics influence breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. We compared the effects of general anesthetics sevoflurane versus propofol on breast cancer cell survival, proliferation and invasion in vitro. The investigation focused on effects in intracellular Ca homeostasis as a mechanism for general anesthetic-mediated effects on breast cancer cell survival and metastasis.

Investigation of airflow field in the upper airway under unsteady respiration pattern using large eddy simulation method.

In this paper, the airflow field in the upper airway under unsteady respiration process is predicted using large eddy simulation. The geometrical model is created by combining a popular cast-based mouth-throat model with tracheo-bronchial airways modeled with a trumpet-shaped conduit. The respiration process is simulated by sinusoidal displacing the bottom surface of the geometrical model.

When is the best time to perform external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) after retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS): a multi-center study based on randomized controlled trials.

To determine the best time to perform EPVL treatment by evaluating the efficacy and safety of active stone extraction in treating residual fragments at different time points after RIRS. All participants had renal or upper ureteral stones preoperatively and still had residual stones after receiving RIRS. They were prospectively randomized into four groups: patients in group A received EPVL 3 days after RIRS; patients in group B received EPVL 7 days after RIRS; patients in group C received EPVL 14 days after RIRS; patients in group D did not receive EPVL after RIRS.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Fraxinus rhynchophylla extract by green route method attenuates the chemical and heat induced neurogenic and inflammatory pain models in mice.

Fraxinus rhynchophylla belongs to the family of Oleaceae and also called as Chinese ash wood possesses various pharmacological properties such as neuroprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, etc. Therefore we synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using Fraxinus rhynchophylla wood extract as reducing and capping agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with the aid of UV-Spec, DLS, FT-IR and TEM analysis.

Detection techniques of carboxylesterase activity: An update review.

Mammalian carboxylesterases (CESs) are essential members of serine esterase hydrolase superfamily, which are widely distributed in many tissues including liver, intestine, lung and kidney. CESs play an important role in the metabolism of various xenobiotics including ester drugs and environmental toxicants, and also participate in lipid homeostasis, so the development of CESs activity detection techniques are of great significance for drug discovery and biomedical research. With the rapid development of separated and detection technologies such as chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, fluorescent probe-based detection technology, bioluminescent sensor and colorimetric sensor in recent decade, the research of physiological functions of CESs have make huge breakthrough.

[Mechanism of Calculus Bovis Sativus in inhibiting hepatocyte lipid deposition based on serum pharmacology].

The aim of this paper was to investigate the molecular mechanism of Calculus Bovis Sativus( CBS) in alleviating lipid accumulation in vitro by serum pharmacology. The CBS-containing serum of mice was obtained by serum pharmacology method to evaluate its effect on the proliferation of LO2 hepatocytes. The lipid reducing effects of CBS-containing serum through Nrf2 was evaluated by fructose-induced LO2 hepatocyte steatosis model,nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2( Nrf2) agonist oltipraz combined intervention,cell oil red O staining and intracellular triglyceride( TG) content.

Surgical management of Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures in older children: a retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to analyse the management of Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures in children older than 10 years at our paediatric orthopaedics and to determine the clinical and radiographic long-term effects following open reduction by the small medial approach and cross-fixation with three kirschner wires. Eighty-three cases of Gartland type III supracondylar humerus fractures in children older than 10 years were treated by open reduction by the small medial approach and cross-fixation with three kirschner wires from January 2010 to December 2015. All patients were followed up from 12 to 15 months (mean: 13 months).

[Electroacupuncture reduces obesity by improving metabolism and up-regulating expression of hypothalamic Sirtuin 1 and proopiomelanocortin in obese rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on expression of hypothalamic sirtuin 1(SIRT1) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and body weight, food-intake, blood glucose, and blood lipid levels in obese rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of obesity.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal, model, EA, and sham EA groups (＝10 rats in each group). The obesity model was established by feeding the rats with high fat diet.

Peritonitis by in a pediatric patient.

Fungal peritonitis is frequent on peritoneal dialysis, with rare cases by . A 25-month-old female admitted to the pediatric ICU with acute renal failure was submitted to peritoneal dialysis. After 10 days patient presented fever.

[Current situation and thinking on the intestinal microflora regulation with acupuncture and moxibustion].

Large number of microflora is parasitized in the human intestinal tract, which maintains the stability of the microecological environment in the host's intestinal tract and the healthy state of the body. Once the steady state is out of balance, the intestinal microflora is dysfunctional and a variety of diseases will be induced. Acupuncture and moxibustion have a positive role in improving different types of clinical problems by regulating , harmonizing and , and strengthening the body's resistance.

A minimally invasive (sinus tarsi) approach with percutaneous K-wires fixation for intra-articular calcaneal fractures in children.

The aim of this study was to analyze the management of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures in children at our pediatric orthopedic and to determine the results following open reduction via minimally invasive sinus tarsi approach and fixation with Kirschner wires (K-wires). Overall, 25 available cases of calcaneal fractures in children with mean age of 9.8 years were treated by open reduction from January 2010 to December 2015.

Mechanistic Insights Into the Interaction Between Transcription Factors and Epigenetic Modifications and the Contribution to the Development of Obesity.

The development of obesity is inseparable from genetic and epigenetic factors, and transcription factors (TFs) play an essential role in these two mechanisms. This review analyzes the interaction of TFs with epigenetic modifications and the epigenetic mechanisms underlying peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, an important transcription factor, in the development of obesity. We describe the relationship between TFs and different epigenetic modifications and illustrate the several mechanisms described.